fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (fahp)

One of the new approaches to development is the development model of industrial clusters, which has an effective role in product innovation and competitiveness, and the changing needs and demands of customers, the rapid evolution of technology, increasing competition in the market, and increasing economic prosperity have caused companies in various industries to innovate and provide new products with increasing speed, efficiency and quality. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of identifying and prioritizing factors affecting the development of industrial clusters with a sustainable development approach in Sistan and Baluchistan province. The research method is applied according to the purpose, and mixed (qualitative-quantitative) with an exploratory approach, according to the type of data; In this way, by using the meta-combination method in the field of industrial cluster development, research indicators were identified, the identified factors and components were weighed with the opinion of experts and based on the Fuzzy Hierarchy Analysis Process (FAHP) model, the factors were analyzed and combined, and Finally, prioritization was done. The statistical community in the qualitative part of the research included 17 experts and managers expert in production, who were selected non-probably and judgmentally, and the required information was collected from them using the Delphi method. In the following, in line with the validation of the research model, a research questionnaire was designed distributed among 116 sample members including managers, experts, and agencies active in the industry, and university faculty members in Sistan and Baluchistan province, who were randomly selected by stratified method. In order to analyze the data, the Fuzzy Hierarchy Analysis Model (FAHP) was used, and finally, the findings of the research showed that the most was the development of industrial clusters with a knowledge-based approach. The criterion of strategies and the two criteria of resources and superstructures are prioritized as the next important components.

Given the potential negative environmental impacts linked with wild landfills in the central part of the Kangan Region, there is a significant need to accelerate the development of controlled inter-municipal landfills. The study area with daily production of 92 tons of waste, due to lack of recycling equipment and incorrect locating landfill is faced with numerous environmental, health and social problems in open sites and unsafe. This study is aimed at identifying suitable sites for solid waste disposal by considering all essential factors and rating criteria by integrating Fuzzy-AHP and GIS with multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) in Kangan county. Standards for siting a landfill formulated by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) were employed in this study. The criteria that are considered herein are land use, slope, elevation, distance to drainage, groundwater and dams, distance to faults, soil, geology, distance to the residence and road, industrial and infrastructure accessibility. These criteria were assigned fuzzy membership classes based on their importance in siting a landfill. The fuzzy members of all criteria were overlaid to generate the final landfill site suitability map which was classified into five: not suitable (53.3%), less suitable (39.1%), moderately suitable (5.4%), suitable (1.4%) and highly suitable (0.6%). The Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique was employed in the selection of the landfill site with reverence to multiple criteria and the fuzzy membership classes in accordance with the standards of the EPA. The results of this research in the management of the urban environment and also in the plans of the optimal disposal of urban solid of this area will be useful.

Rapid changes in the world of trade and business change the policies and strategies of a business unit to stay in the competitive space. In such a space, firms should change their attitude and go beyond traditional reporting to stay in the international business arena. Thus, in the present research, the components and indicators of web-based integrated reporting for Iranian firms were identified by adopting the fuzzy Delphi approach and using FAHP technique to rank and determine their importance through the relevant weights calculation. This applied research was conducted using a descriptive-survey strategy. The intended statistical population consisted of financial and accounting experts, who were selected through a judgmental sampling method. After reviewing the research literature in this study, the identified components and indicators were organized in four dimensions (economic, legal, ethical, and voluntary liability). Finally, the research findings showed that the main dimension "economic liability" has the highest coefficient of importance and rank and the other three dimensions "legal liability", "ethical liability", and "voluntary liability" assigned the next ranks to themselves. The obtained results exhibit a tool consisting of the components and indicators of web-based integrated reporting with corporate citizenship reporting approach, which can be used as a comprehensive tool to determine the presentation level of financial and non-financial information in the integrated reporting in the websites of Iranian firms

Due to the umbrella-like nature of tourism industry, it has various types and is divided to different parts that agricultural tourism is one of its subsets. One of the most crucial factors of planning and development of tourism is the recognition of effective factors on its development. Mahalat County enjoys many potentialities in agritourist due to having scenic and exotic agricultural attractions particularly farms and gardens growing plants and flowers. Therefore, planning and development of plants and flowers of this province needs attention to various effective aspects on development of this type of tourism one of which is effective factors on development of agricultural tourism. In line with this matter, the aim of the present study is recognizing the effective factors on the development of agricultural tourism of Mahalat County. The study is descriptive-analytic and it is a practical study regarding its aim. The sample of the study consists of the officials and intellects in tourism field in Mahalt County. Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) was used for the data analysis. The findings of the research indicate that social-cultural factors with an index of (%768) are the most influential factors on the development of agricultural tourism. From this perspective, agricultural pivot with the effect index of (%768), culturing with effect index of (%768), and advertisement with the effect index of (%768) have the most roles in the development of agricultural tourism in Mahalat County.

Rapid changes in today's knowledge-based economy, has caused the organizations to achieve its purposes and sustain proven survival for the successful implementation of knowledge management. But if the organizational culture for the successful implementation of knowledge management is not provided, the desired outcome will be missed. The purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize the critical success cultural factors of Knowledge Management in E-Banking.
The method of this research is descriptive-analytical and Mellat bank of Qom province was selected as the statistical subjects. To prioritize critical factors of Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process is used.
Findings: The results indicate that among the three main criteria, "knowledge-Based culture, corporate culture, knowledge creation and sharing culture" criteria are the most important.
Cultural factors play a crucial role in determining the results of knowledge management efforts. Therefore, organizations that intend to implement knowledge management need to study cultural factors affecting knowledge management.

The complex nature of water resources systems require methods that collect various management approaches at one integrated form. Meanwhile comprehensive management of such issues and multi-criteria decision-making methods has found a special place. Sistan region encounter with the increasing of water demands in various sectors, successive droughts and water bankruptcy and has a critical condition therefore an integrated management is needed. In this study a Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) is performed to prioritize water resources of Sistan region with the management approaches of economic, social, technical and environmental issues in the water year of 2014-2015. According to the results and based on three approaches as economic, social and technical, the agricultural sector has the most weight and is in the first priority. The weight of the agricultural sector with this approach is 0.851, 0.710 and 0.789 respectively. On environmental approaches, The environment sector (Hamoon Wetland) as superior sector with the weigh equal to 0.603 and agriculture and drinking sectors with the weight of 0.364 and 0.033 are in at the second and third priority respectively. Therefore, it is suggested that according to the living conditions of the people in Sistan and prioritized agricultural sector at three management approaches (especially economic) governors and directors of water supply and demand, should have special attention to this section.

Introduction During recent years، there has been an increasing interest in behavioral science studies. Crime as one of the basic problems of urban societies has long been of a great interest to many fields such as sociology، psychology، urban planning، and etc. However، most studies are mainly restricted to crime prevention techniques instead of focusing on certain effective methods to diagnose hot spots of crime in order to bring criminal cases of crime under certain control. Accordingly this paper aims to present an analytical model to evaluate the quality of space and its use to estimate the probability of crime occurrences. In fact a team of urban designers، criminologists، urban managers and environmental psychologists are needed to utilize the method for predicting the chances of crime occurrences to prevent crime. For this purpose a hierarchical model with five levels is suggested. This model ranks urban spaces based on their quality of life in order to predict the hot spots of crime. These factors were later prioritized using pairwise comparison logic and fuzzy group Analytic Network Process (ANP) method and the relative importance of each factor on achieving environmental security determined. In addition the proposed model has been used to calculate the overall rating of quadratic areas in region 17 of Tehran based on their environmental sustainability. Also، using the calculation results، strategies were suggested separately for each SBD principle in order to reduce urban crime and improve the environmental sustainability of the studied area. Results showed that the area 4 and area 1 have the highest and lowest environmental security rate respectively. The result has important implication for design urban spaces، districts، cities considering the views of domestic urban designers. Theoretical bases The Quality of urban design One of the main concepts of new urban theories focuses on the planning، designing and controlling the factors to upgrade the urban quality of life that can be considered as a basic response to urban problems. The quality of urban life as a complex concept is related to society and urban space in all physical، social، and natural factors. Urban spaces have an important role in the community quality of life. One of the best sources of data for urban managers، planners or designers is use survey that can lead them to envisage the users need in their prospect plan. In order to improve environmental quality and pursue a sustainable use of resources in metropolitan areas، it is necessary to define measures that guide designers and users to have better spaces with better behavior. It is obvious that the environment and users have mutual effect on each other، so these items have their own effect on the space users to foster or facilitate certain types of behavior and hinder or impede others. Environmental security Man’s real environment is men. It is social behavior that conditions human development in any crucial sense of that term. And what is it that molds social behavior — ideas، beliefs، notions، biases، presuppositions. The method of doing an activity is called “behavior”. The human behavior is an outcome from his needs and motivations، the environment potentials، the image of the world which caused by his perception and the meaning of this image (Lang، 1987:58). Crime as the linked part of urban life is linked to the term of human، objects، activities and users perception from space. It’s proved that the environment affects the user’s mentality and the result is being appeared in his behavior. The relationship between the urban environment and human behavior is complex، dynamic and constantly changing. While it is false to assume that a certain environment will cause certain behaviors، the environment nevertheless has the capacity to foster or facilitate certain types of behavior and hinder or impede others. In environmental crime prevention it is important to understand the relationship between design and management in reducing crime and antisocial behavior. Cornish & Clarke (2014) focuses on the importance role of multidisciplinary researches on the subject of crime. Apart from the effect of social and cultural، the result of programming and secure environment of the city and the pattern of the behavior of the citizens and the Improvement and quality of environmental surrounding، the acceptance feature and the effect of the city framework is due to the decrease of city people or the decrease of crimes، is an important and difficult issue is focused on city planning theory. Weisberg et al. (2004) in their research focus on explaining crime through place-based factors as hot spots and the influence of users’ characteristics on space. Environmental criminology is associated with space، design and behavior. The criminologists believe in the fact that environment has undeniable role on the model of crime. As a basic theory crime is outcome of “opportunity، goal، risk and effort”، so controlling each item would be useful to rebate the chance of crime. Urban crime theories which are locative are proposed in two fields: physical factors and social factors. Crime prevention Public safety and security by crime prevention as one of the top priorities of justice system all over the world. Enforcing safety and criminal fairness by tackling the risk factors that cause crime as government tasks is the basis of crime prevention. By the concept of rational choice، situational crime prevention is the method of reducing crime opportunities and make people feel unable to commit crime. The process consists of incrementing crime risks & difficulty and also declining crime achievements. Crime prevention strategies consist of CPTSD (crime prevention trough social development) and CPTED (crime prevention through environmental design). Crime prevention by environmental design isn''t new. Our Ancestors respected this matter in designing their cities and neighborhood. Today we are responsible to design our living environment so that the behaviors improve and this will result an improvement of the quality of life. Discussion This paper critically traces the new integrative method for predicting crime rates through urban studies in the urban district and its use to rank urban spaces in Esfahan. The proposed method consists of defining criteria of urban spaces quality، using FUZZY ANP and TOPSIS to rank the districts and the analyses of outcome data. The steps of this process are: Step 1: Form a committee of experts. Step 2: Identify the factors and sub-factors to be used in the model. Step 3: Structure the hierarchical model based on the factors and sub-factors identified at Step 2. Step 4: Assuming that there is no dependence among the main factors، Form a pairwise comparison matrix to obtain pairwise comparison results of the importance of main success factors toward achieving the overall objective. Step 5: calculating the influence priority super matrix Step 6: In this step، the interdependent priorities of the main success factors are calculated Step 7: In this step، local priorities of the sub success factors are calculated using the pairwise comparison matrices. Step 8: Finally، the overall priorities (global weight) of the sub success factor are calculated by multiplying the local priorities of sub success factors (obtained in Step 7) Step 9: Determining inter organizational critical success factors. Step 10: Rank districts. This method is one of the more practical ways for ranking districts in order to predict the potentiality of crime hot spots.

Crime prevention and Safety is one of the basic necessities of today’s urban life. Besides، urban safety as an applied science in the field of urban design focuses on the relation between space and behavior. Although studying crime in the cities is majorly focused on prevention and punishment، the importance of crime prediction is undeniable. This study argues that qualitative factors of urban design are the best way to determine criminal potentials in different districts. The new proposed hierarchical - network model is consisted with urban and crime theories and is usable to rank crime hotspots before committing crime by their potentiality. Access to crime potential of districts can be used to plan، design and manage urban areas by aim of crime control. For this analytical model 5 levels، include triplet principles of urban quality، 11 criteria and 37 sub-criteria have been used and analyzed through ANP analytical method. As for inner relations، this relation model isn’t linear but as a network. Through the analytical results، the most important index of “triplet indexes of urban space quality” the most important is “structural-functional” issue with importance weight “0. 382”. Applying the model in studied area (14 districts and 5 zones of Esfahan) resulted in the ranked zones which really has invers relation with statistics of reported crime in the same zones. It shows the ascendant process of crime in 5 zones (center، south، east، west and north) has the same sequence of descending process of urban quality in the same 5 zones of Esfahan. Suggestions: What is now needed is a cross-national study involving crime as a behavior influenced by space. These studies can continue with the relational cases of fear of crime، social participation or social identity. Based on the results of this study، some of the suggested strategies for increasing urban quality and thereupon decreasing possibility of crime are as follows: - Considering standard facilities and enough lighting in the streets and passages - Preventing vandalism and repairing or replacing damaged city equipment - Reforming uncontrollable and indefensible spaces - Increasing control and surveillance on urban spaces - Planning flexibility and aggregation in urban spaces - Creating more dynamic and vibrant urban spaces - Enhancing urban safety through increasing surveillance and sense of belonging among citizens.

Temporary housing is considered as one of the most common ways to provide housing for homeless people that providing shelter after disaster، immediately after providing emergency shelter and pre-reconstruction is forwarded. Although this method of was residence considered at a specific time period and it will lose its original function during the time، but the process of location is very important. The main goal of the paper is the location of temporary housing in region 16 of Tehran. The theoretical foundations of temporary housing and habitat were initially studied and then some 24 index for examining of temporary housing sites was identified. Significance coefficient of each the 24 indicators have been considered using Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP)، and then the overlapping layers data have been identified and the coefficients in the GIS software environment were applied. The results of findings show that among the indicators studied; five indicators including ownership، the time use of space as temporary housing، adjacence to the passageways and road networks، adjacence to gas networks and the present land use were the most important variables، and three indicators including adjacent to passageways and road networks boundary، being away from sound pollution and waste collection centers had the lowest importance in the process of selecting locations for habitation for homeless people. In addition، the Beesat and Farvardin parks have been identified as the most appropriate locations for establishing the temporary housing sites according to the method and the selected indicators.

Safety and security have been significant issues throughout history، from early prehistoric cave-dwelling societies to medieval and modern cities (P. Cozens، 2008). Crime is a part of our way of living. It is tied to the physical distribution of people and objects، to the routine activity patterns of daily life، and to the ways in which people perceive and use information about the environment (Brantingham & Brantingham، 1993). Theoretical bases: Secured by design is a UK based initiative which was devised in1989، with the aim of countering the rise in household burglary، reducing crime through the design of the environment and encouraging urban designers to design out crime at the planning stage (Armitage، 2004). SBD also aims to achieve security for the building shell and to introduce appropriate internal and external design features that facilitate natural surveillance and create a sense of ownership and responsibility، in order to deter criminal and anti-social behavior within the cartilage of the business. New opportunity theories of crime and crime prevention measures such as situational crime prevention and crime prevention through environmental design largely affected the principles of SBD. These theories assume that crime is a response to opportunity، therefore removing the opportunity can reduce crime. An emphasis is also placed upon the role of the environment in creating or impeding these opportunities. The principles of SBD fall largely into the following categories:

This study follows two targets: First، determining the relative importance of criteria and sub-criteria of SBD approach and second، evaluating urban security in four areas of the case study using the results of the previous step. The proposed fuzzy AHP model to achieve mentioned targets is composed of the following steps:

This study has been proposed a hierarchical model to evaluate the rate of environmental security which decomposes the 5 principles of SBD into 12 criteria and 29 sub-criteria. To our best knowledge، this is the first time that factors affecting main principles of SBD are determined and prioritized. This may help urban designers to consider the most important factors affecting crime reduction in their designs and decision makings. This model is based on determining the most important factors affecting 5 principles of SBD which can lead to urban security in the case study. For this purpose، fuzzy AHP method is adopted in order to assess the relative importance of the factors and sub factors of the model. This method has the ability to capture the vagueness of human thinking style and effectively solve multi-criteria decision making problems.

With business being more competitive and complicated at international level, necessity of managers’ attention to entry strategies to global markets was introduced as a commercial advantage for companies. In current arena, performance evaluation plays an important role in companies’ success according to complicated and dynamic environments. Various models are developed to measure performance. One of these models is balanced scorecard which has many priorities upon similar methods. This study deals with performance assessment of Iran khodro strategies to enter foreign markets during years 88 and 89 using balanced scorecard. Company strategies and effective index upon these strategies performance is exhibited on the basis of research literature and identification questionnaire and by using experts’ views in balanced scorecard. fuzzy AHP technique is used to determine the degrees of parameters priority to each other. Based on the results of the degree of success of the balanced scorecard perspectives are: Innovation and development prespective 65%, customer 46%, business processes 44% and financial 19%.