fuzzy delphi technique

Planning for the development of low-income villages, on the other hand, technology simplicity, the need for less capital, a shorter period of return on investment and other benefits of small industries, the scale of the agricultural sector, the need to launch such industries has made it more visible than before. However, the path of launching these industries is not always simple and faces various obstacles. Hence, the purpose of this study was to identify and determine the barriers to the establishment of small-scale industries in the agricultural sector. To identify the barriers, 20 semi-structured interviews were conducted with provincial experts. Analysis of data collected from interviews led to the identification of 41 concepts in the form of 7 macro-categories of barriers. Then, the two-stage Delphi-fuzzy technique was used to reach a group agreement between the experts and to rank the inhibitory factors. According to the results of the Delphi-fuzzy technique, barriers to establishment of the small-scale industries in the agricultural sector in Kakavand district of Delfan city were classified into 5 categories. Financial-credit barriers with an average of 0.442, were the first priority barriers. Also, administrative-political barriers with an average of 0.426, lack of trained manpower and local entrepreneurs with an average of 0.417, lack of participatory, individual, and social spirit of the local community to invest with a total average of 0.407 and weak domestic and foreign investment with the average of 0.397 were in the next ranks. Providing credit, reducing administrative bureaucracy and political barriers, providing education to villagers and strengthening their participation, as well as attracting domestic and foreign investors to set up small-scale agricultural industries are the main research proposals.

Today, the vulnerability of cities, especially the old and worn-out tissues to earthquakes, has become a global issue for experts in various fields. This situation has become more acute in countries with dangerous natural structures, including Iran, in recent decades. Exhausted urban tissues, as the main boiling point of a city, reflect the identity of that city, and are vulnerable to natural disasters, especially unstable earthquakes. This study was conducted with the aim of identifying and prioritizing the factors affecting the increase of earthquake risk in worn-out urban areas. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of analytical method based on multi-criteria approach. Library and field methods were used to gather information. The statistical population of the study consisted of experts and specialists in the field of urban planning, and the sample size was estimated at 30 people. In order to achieve the goals considered in this study, fuzzy Delphi technique and BMW model were used. The results of fuzzy Delphi technique confirmed the identified factors and subscales. The results of the BMW model indicated that among the identified factors, natural factors with a final score of 0.321 were in the first place, housing quality factor with a final score of 0.287 in the second place, distance from special uses with a final score of 255. 0.0 is in the third place and the demographic and economic factor with the final score of 0.137 is in the fourth place.

The concept of sustainable development can be mode of balance between the different dimensions of development considered, which aims to satisfy the needs and improve the quality conditions human life. Therefore, in order to achive sustainable development, appropriate utilization of resources and the creation relationship balance and equitable between human, society and nature, the ideal aim development planners and managers, particularly rural development is to be considered. Rural population our, affect under trends and policy of recent decades transformations has been widely, but evidences show that rural areas tend to move toward instability – particulary social instability. Accordingly with reviewing theories of sustainable development and social sustainability, we designed a questionnaire in order to measure subjective social sustainability criteria of rural areas which its criteria has been valued using Fuzzy Delphi method and subsequently Fuzzy TOPSIS technique was used in order to analyze the villages over 1000 residents of PaeenVelayat rural district and in order to achieve this goal we distributed 384 samples among mentioned villagers of rural district. The methodology of research is Descriptive-Analytical. Results show that all social sustainability subjective criteria of Kasrineh and ZendehJan are placed in sustainable cluster, but the village AshratAbad zard are placed at least sustainable cluster.

Sustainable rural development based on a holistic approach attempts to fulfill creation and continuity of development process in the various economical, environmental and especially socially dimensions of rural areas. Our rural community is influenced by processes and policies of recent decades and they have been tremendously changed, but evidences show that rural areas tend to move toward inconstancy (especially socially inconstancy). Accordingly with reviewing theories of sustainable development and social sustainability, we designed a questionnaire in order to measure subjective social sustainability criteria of rural areas which its criteria has been valued using Fuzzy Delphi method and subsequently Fuzzy TOPSIS technique was used in order to analyze the villages over 400 residents of Aslanduz rural district and in order to achieve this goal we distributed 384 samples among mentioned villagers of rural district. The methodology of research is Descriptive-Analytical. Results show that all social sustainability subjective criteria of Nour Mohammad Kandi, Mahboub kandi and Ildir Olya are placed in sustainable cluster, but vice versa the villages Aq Qabaq and Kamp are placed at least sustainable cluster.