fuzzy delphi technique

The increasing use of information technology in financial and banking services continues, and the challenge of better managing information technology projects to maximize their economic benefits remains unresolved. Therefore, this study aimed to identify and prioritize the criteria for selecting the optimal portfolio of information technology projects in Iran’s banking industry using both quantitative and qualitative methods. For this purpose, the research sample included experts (university professors and senior managers in the information technology management sector of the banking industry), selected through the snowball sampling method (n=12). In addition, for data analysis, first, the final criteria of the model were determined using the fuzzy Delphi technique, and then the criteria were prioritized using the DEMATEL technique. The results of the fuzzy Delphi technique indicated that the criteria for selecting the portfolio of information technology projects in Iran’s banking industry consist of 5 main criteria (organizational, environmental, economic, technical, and risk-related) and 18 sub-criteria. The results of the DEMATEL technique further revealed that among the main criteria, the risk criterion, and among the sub-criteria, low security risk, hold the highest importance.

 

 

Since the military methods and tools are constantly progressing and innovating, therefore, appropriate marketing for new military technologies and technologies becomes important, and the main goal of this research is to identify these strategies for selling the military products of the Islamic Republic of Iran. For this purpose, first, by using the foundation data method and interviewing 21 people from the country's military and defense industry experts who were purposefully selected, the dimensions of the components and indicators affecting marketing strategies were extracted, and then by using a semi-structured questionnaire and the fuzzy Delphi technique. were analyzed. Finally, 23 basic strategies were identified according to the dimensions of the SWOT matrix, of which 12 strategies were related to the strength dimension, 6 strategies were related to opportunities, 3 strategies were related to threats, and 2 strategies were placed in the weakness dimension. The most and most important strategies that were identified in this research are in the strengths dimension, so the Islamic Republic of Iran should first pay attention to improving and increasing its strengths in the production of military products. In the next stages, using the opportunities, facing the threats and finally eliminating the weaknesses are particularly important.

The pursuit of sustainable, long-term profitability is a critical driver for value chain management. This study aims to identify the activities and prerequisites for achieving sustainability in value chain financing. This applied research is cross-sectional and descriptive-survey in nature. It was conducted through a combination of library research and experiencive studies. Given the limited research on sustainable value chain financing, a Fuzzy Delphi method was employed to develop a conceptual framework by drawing on collective expertise in addition to a literature review. The most significant identified activities, in descending order of importance, are: developing contingency plans and alternative financing, product/service quality, environmental performance incentive systems and financial efficiency, participation in sustainability initiatives, and regular assessment of sustainability standard compliance. The findings can be utilized to enhance existing theoretical frameworks and develop new models for a better understanding of the concept. The identified factors can serve as a practical guide and roadmap for decision-making, prioritizing investments, and allocating resources effectively for organizations seeking to implement sustainable financing initiatives within their value chains.

This study, using quantitative and qualitative methods, has designed an integrated model of criteria for selecting the optimal portfolio of information technology projects in order to meet business goals in Iran's banking industry. In the qualitative part, the researchers, using the content analysis method, discuss the design of the selection criteria model of the information technology project portfolio in the banking industry. In the quantitative part, first, the final criteria of the model are determined using the fuzzy Delphi technique, and then the relationship between the criteria of the design model is investigated using the DIMTEL technique. Based on the results of content analysis, 385 quotations or primary codes were counted. From this number of quotes, 87 themes, 24 sub-categories, and 5 main categories were formed. In order to achieve the final model, the Fuzzy Delphi technique was used. The results showed that the final integrated model of selection criteria for information technology projects in Iran's banking industry consists of 5 main criteria (organizational, environmental, economic, technical, and risk) and 18 sub-criteria. The results of the DIMTEL technique to determine the importance of criteria and sub-criteria also showed that the risk criterion is the most important criterion and low security risk is the most important sub-criterion.

The aim of the research is to identify the components, dimensions and variables of optimal sports governance. The research is practical according to its purpose. has paid international and national levels; In this way, after analyzing and identifying the mentioned indicators and dimensions in official international forums, reports, books, researches and articles related to foreign and domestic as well as in the laws and programs of the country's governance, collecting and forming a sports information bank. factors, indicators and components). The statistical community is made up of experts and experts in management. In this research, by taking advantage of the opinion of all the people selected as experts, by directly referring to the community of experts, information was collected through a questionnaire. The collection of primary data and Excel software was used to enter the data of the questionnaire. The results of summarizing the models showed the existence of 4 dimensions, 15 constructs and 43 variables. Three stages were done. Using the fuzzy Delphi technique, all main and secondary indicators were determined. In the following, fuzzy Dimetal method is used to determine the relationship between components. It is necessary to mention that the matrix obtained from Dimtel's technique shows both the cause and effect relationship between the factors and the effectiveness of the variables.

Today, one of the most important components of the development and survival of the organization is adaptability and resistance to unpredictable conditions and the turbulent environment of today's world. bring Considering the importance of this issue, the present research was conducted to identify the effective factors for strengthening the resilience of entrepreneurship. In terms of practical purpose, in terms of nature, and descriptive survey method, this research is in the category of mixed research with qualitative and quantitative approaches. The statistical population of the research is the experts, 30 of whom were selected based on the principle of theoretical adequacy and using the purposeful sampling method. In the qualitative part of the research, the data collection tool is a semi-structured interview, the validity and reliability of which was confirmed using the CVR coefficient and intra-coder and inter-coder tests. Also, the data collection tool in the quantitative section is a fuzzy Delphi questionnaire, whose validity and reliability were confirmed using content validity and retesting. In this research, the coding method and Atlas.ti software were used in the qualitative part, and the Delphi fuzzy method was used in the quantitative part. The results of the research include the identification of effective factors for strengthening entrepreneurial resilience, and finally 15 types of effective factors for strengthening entrepreneurial resilience were identified, among them, entrepreneurial enthusiasm, growth mindset, ease of the recovery and revival process, and the ability to deal with adversity. In the organization, they were identified as the most important factors affecting the strengthening of entrepreneurial resilience.

In today’s societies, leading organizations are looking for a strategy to develop resources and improve the organization. The coaching organization is a new paradigm in the field of organizational management that focuses on coaching as a tool to increase productivity, motivation of human resources. The aim of this study was to identify the antecedents and consequences of the coaching organization with a human capital fostering approach for universities. This research is of a mixed type, in the paradigm of deductive-inductive and qualitatively-quantitative. The statistical population in qualitative and quantitative section of the study is experts in the field of coaching, including professors and managers of universities. 25 people of the desired sample were selected through targeted method and snowball technique. The data collection tool is interview in the qualitative part and questionnaire in the quantitative part. In the qualitative part, the data were analyzed using theme analysis method and ATLAS. TI software, and in the quantitative part, the importance and priority of the components were determined using the Fuzzy Delphi technique. 12 components were identified including: environmental changes and transformations, the need for human capital cultivating and organizational development,, coach personality traits, coach knowledge and skills, coachee personality traits, coachee specific attitudes, management and leadership strategies, organizational structure, coaching culture, Infrastructure and technology identified as antecedents and individual benefits and organizational benefits as consequences of coaching organization with human capital fostering approach for universities.

Environmental management accounting, as a new management tool, improves the environmental and financial performance of the organization through the promotion of environmental accountability. The results of examining the impact of the industry on the presentation of environmental reports show a significant difference in the type of disclosure in different industries.
 The main purpose of this research is to identify the appropriate criteria for environmental management accounting in the oil and gas industry. the research was carried out in two separate stages during the years 2019 and 2018. First, after studying the theoretical foundations of the research , the qualitative research method was used using the fuzzy Delphi method, and then the ranking of the identified effective factors was done with the help of the AHP technique. As a result of the presented calculations, 15 factors were selected from 24 factors related to retrospective factors, which are respectively: water management, product life cycle assessment (LCA), energy management, material management , pollution management, environmental protection costs, Cost allocation , material and energy flow accounting , waste management, performance evaluation, pollution prevention costs, environmental renewal costs, risk assessment of various environmental effects high quality, and past evaluation of decisions related to environmental costs

Many companies are using the environmental accounting system to find a suitable way to report and disclose information to the public. Evidence shows that the information provided by the green accounting system is useful for users and plays an important role in their decisions. Industrial, refineries and power plants and smelting and steel companies. These economic actors, their investors, and on a larger scale, society as a whole, will never achieve this success unless they are indifferent to the threats to human and environmental well-being in the long run. In such situations, governments, stock exchanges, markets, investors, professional legislators, academics and other community activists call on companies to be clear about their goals, performance and impact on sustainability. The main purpose of this study is to identify the financial factors affecting green performance in the steel industry. In order to achieve this important, the research was conducted during 1399 and 1400 in two separate stages.

Moving in the direction of developing the country's position in economic, scientific and technological fields requires managing the implementation of ICT in a correct and planned way. The aim of this research is to provide a model of structural factors effective on the implementation of policies in the field of information and communication technology in Iran with the help of the fuzzy Delphi technique and based on Giddens constructive theory. This research is of a survey type and based on the purpose, it is of an applied type because it is trying to use the results of the research in the collection of the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology and the Iran Telecommunications Company. Data collection has been done based on library and field methods and experts' opinions. The research data collection tool is the formation of an expert panel to identify the key variables extracted from the law of 6th development plan, research literature and Delphi questionnaire. In this research, the members of the Delphi panel finally recognized 14 factors as the main factors, and the indicators are presented in the form of a conceptual and analytical model. Based on the findings, the factors affecting the implementation in the main dimension of the structure can be investigated in five sub-dimensions (environment, policy, organization size, culture, technology) and fourteen structural variables.

Among the very important topics that are currently being considered in most researches is the discussion of financial disorder and the results that come from it. For this reason, it is very important to determine the factors affecting the level of financial disorder in companies, because a comprehensive index has not been provided to measure financial disorder, and in the present study, by considering different indicators of financial disorder through methods such as the multi-criteria decision making index, a comprehensive index has also been presented. It was paid to measure financial irregularities. In this regard, the companies admitted to the Tehran Stock Exchange in 2010 to 2019 were examined based on a sample of 167 companies. For this purpose, a questionnaire was prepared in line with the opinions of experts to measure financial irregularity and was distributed among experts. Multi-criteria decision-making method was used to give weight to each of the considered criteria. Also, in order to measure the relationships of the hidden variable, which in this research is financial irregularity, confirmatory factor analysis was used; The obtained results show that the proposed model is a suitable indicator for financial disorder.

The main purpose of this study is to identify and refine the factors affecting the efficiency of investment in insurance companies based on the fuzzy Delphi approach. In order to identify the factors affecting the financial stability of companies, while reviewing the studies, semi-structured interviews were conducted using a qualitative method of theme analysis. The experts interviewed are 20 university professors, CEOs of insurance companies and institutions, as well as senior auditors with accounting and management degrees. A review of the literature, research, and interview results reveals two main themes, including inputs and outputs, that categorize the factors affecting the efficiency of investment in companies and institutions. In this study, key factors have been identified and then the fuzzy Delphi technique has been used to rank and find the degree of importance of the factors. The results showed that return on assets, return on investment, value of investment, return on investment and net return on capital from the category of outputs and market share variables, ability to fulfill obligations, business diversity, technical reserves and risk transfer from the category of inputs, respectively. Have the greatest impact on the investment efficiency of insurance companies.

The purpose of this study is to present a comprehensive evaluation-based model for intelligent organizations.

The research was applied-developmental in terms of purpose, descriptive-exploratory in terms of method and quantitative-qualitative in terms of data collection approach. To determine the factors affecting intelligent organizations, the Fuzzy Delphi technique was applied. The statistical population of the study at this stage was consisted of all Iranian organizational managers as well as some academicians, from among of whom 27 individuals were selected by purposive sampling. At the next stage, the Social Security Organization was studied and the components of the intelligent organization were classified through exploratory factor analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis, analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test were used to analyze the data.

The results of Fuzzy Delphi analysis revealed 40 factors, the most important of which are: intelligent foresight, intelligent management and intelligent technological infrastructure. The results of the second phase of the research revealed ten general categories which, according to their priority, are as follow: strategic intelligence, structural intelligence, technological intelligence, knowledge management, information technology, competitive intelligence, environmental intelligence, cultural intelligence, social intelligence and human intelligence.

Intelligent organization is an important part of the e-government strategic plan. The practical result of this research is a comprehensive model that can be used to evaluate similar organizations and to make intelligent decisions.

 Regarding the fact that strategic intelligence significantly affects other types of intelligence, taking it into special consideration is recommended. The role of technological intelligence is vital for the intelligent organization, unlike the traditional organization. With reference to the weight of structural intelligence, restructuring is of great importance at this age of information.

The development of ecotourism will not happen simply because of the beauty and attractiveness of ecotourism areas. In addition to the natural potential of each region, the development of ecotourism requires the existence of various factors such as welfare infrastructure, access roads, tourist security, marketing and advertising, and the like.  So that the absence or even shortage of some of these cases can be considered as factors hindering the development of ecotourism in any ecotourism area. The purpose of this study was to identify the barriers to the development of ecotourism in Aligudarz Absefid waterfalls. Twenty semi-structured interviews were conducted with provincial experts to identify the deterrents. Analysis of data collected from interviews led to the identification of 34 concepts in 6 major categories of barriers. Then, a two-stage Delphi-fuzzy technique was used to reach a group agreement between the experts and to rank the inhibitory factors. According to the results, barriers the development of ecotourism in Aligudarz Absefid waterfall are respectively: cultural and social barriers with an average (0.828), poor introduction of the region (0.810), investment barriers and financial planning (0.803), infrastructural barriers (0.778), security barriers (0.775) and access and information problems (0.648). Therefore, the general proposal of this research is comprehensive planning, attracting financial support, and the efforts of nature tourism management decision-making organizations in Aligudarz city and Lorestan province to eliminate and reduce the mentioned obstacles through the executive proposals presented in this research.

The purpose of this study is to identify and rank the factors affecting political networking in state-owned companies affiliated to the IDRO. This research is in terms of applied purpose and in terms of nature and descriptive-survey method and is among mixed researches. In the qualitative part, 19 professors of management participated using semi-structured interviews and in the quantitative part, 52 Managers of state-owned companies affiliated to the IDRO using a pairwise comparison questionnaire, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed. Content analysis method was used to encode the data obtained from the interview and fuzzy Delphi method was used to prioritize the answers. Using the data obtained from the interview, 14 factors affecting political networking in the organization were identified and then ranked through quantitative research. The results show that the management of internal and external stakeholders of the organization, forming a coalition, recognizing important people in the organization, political knowledge and skills, strategic communication are the most important factors affecting political networking in the organization. Managers of state-owned companies should try to manage influence and attract people, learn influence tactics and use political skills to manage internal and external stakeholders of the organization, also using negotiation skills to enable government officials and attract investors to the organization. In addition to covering the existing research gap and developing the literature in the field of political networking,

The production of medical equipment, while playing a key role in meeting the needs of the health system, has significant economic and technological potential for growth and development.The main purpose of this research is to identify the effective factors in the level of technology capabilities of medical equipment in the country. The present research has been conducted in terms of applied purpose and in terms of exploratory implementation, In the style of a library, documentary and survey between 15 persons, it by internal specialists and experts in the field of medical equipment of the country, after reviewing the research literature, 22 effective indicators were extracted by experts to evaluate the level of technology capabilities of the country's medical equipment.Then fuzzy Delphi method was used to identify and select decision variables that 5 indicators of creativity and innovation, technology development, engineering, manufacturing and production and competitiveness to assess the level of medical equipment technology capabilities of the country were identified, respectively. The results of this study show that creativity and innovation and technology development are the most important factors in the level of technology capabilities of medical equipment in the country.
Then the fuzzy Delphi method was used to identify and select decision variables. The results show that 5 factors of creativity and innovation, technology development, design and engineering, manufacturing and competitiveness to evaluate the level of capabilities of medical equipment technology, as the most important factors, were identified at the level of medical equipment technology capabilities.

The main purpose of this study is to identify and refine the factors affecting the efficiency of investment in insurance companies based on the fuzzy Delphi approach. In order to identify the factors affecting the financial stability of companies, while reviewing the studies, semi-structured interviews were conducted using a qualitative method of theme analysis. The experts interviewed are 20 university professors, CEOs of insurance companies and institutions, as well as senior auditors with accounting and management degrees. A review of the literature, research, and interview results reveals two main themes, including inputs and outputs, that categorize the factors affecting the efficiency of investment in companies and institutions. In this study, key factors have been identified and then the fuzzy Delphi technique has been used to rank and find the degree of importance of the factors. The results showed that return on assets, return on investment, value of investment, return on investment and net return on capital from the category of outputs and market share variables, ability to fulfill obligations, business diversity, technical reserves and risk transfer from the category of inputs, respectively. Have the greatest impact on the investment efficiency of insurance companies.

Moving toward developing the country's position in economic, scientific and technological fields requires managing the implementation of policies in the field of information and communication technology in a correct and planned way. The purpose of this research is to provide a model of factors affecting the implementation of Iran's ICT policies with the help of the fuzzy Delphi technique. This research is based on the objective, of an applied type, because it is trying to use the results of the research in the ICT Ministry of and Telecommunication Company of Iran. Data collection has been done based on library and field methods and experts' opinions. The research data collection instrument is the formation of an expert panel to identify the key variables extracted from the research literature and the Delphi questionnaire. The statistical population of the research is experts and managers of the Ministry of ICT and affiliated organizations, 15 qualified people were selected non-randomly and purposefully as a sample. In this research, the members of the Delphi panel examined a total of 23 factors in the form of 10 components as effective factors in the implementation of policies in the field of ICT and finally identified 18 factors as the main factors that The resulting indicators are presented as a conceptual model as well as a proposed framework for the implementation of ICT policies.

Planning for the development of low-income villages, on the other hand, technology simplicity, the need for less capital, a shorter period of return on investment and other benefits of small industries, the scale of the agricultural sector, the need to launch such industries has made it more visible than before. However, the path of launching these industries is not always simple and faces various obstacles. Hence, the purpose of this study was to identify and determine the barriers to the establishment of small-scale industries in the agricultural sector. To identify the barriers, 20 semi-structured interviews were conducted with provincial experts. Analysis of data collected from interviews led to the identification of 41 concepts in the form of 7 macro-categories of barriers. Then, the two-stage Delphi-fuzzy technique was used to reach a group agreement between the experts and to rank the inhibitory factors. According to the results of the Delphi-fuzzy technique, barriers to establishment of the small-scale industries in the agricultural sector in Kakavand district of Delfan city were classified into 5 categories. Financial-credit barriers with an average of 0.442, were the first priority barriers. Also, administrative-political barriers with an average of 0.426, lack of trained manpower and local entrepreneurs with an average of 0.417, lack of participatory, individual, and social spirit of the local community to invest with a total average of 0.407 and weak domestic and foreign investment with the average of 0.397 were in the next ranks. Providing credit, reducing administrative bureaucracy and political barriers, providing education to villagers and strengthening their participation, as well as attracting domestic and foreign investors to set up small-scale agricultural industries are the main research proposals.

This study sought to identify and prioritize the development steps of cultural tourism in rural areas of Lorestan province using the qualitative-quantitative method and exploratory approach. To this end, at the first stage, 19 semi-structured interviews were conducted with cultural tourism experts to identify the steps involved in cultural tourism development, out of which thirty-three solutions were identified in four main steps via open, axial, and selective coding. At the second stage, the Delphi-Fuzzy technique was applied in two stages to reach a consensus among the experts and prioritize cultural tourism development steps through the defuzzification process. The results showed that the identified strategies for cultural tourism development in Lorestan province could be categorized into four main steps: "Education and Innovation," "Physical Infrastructure," "Supportive-Institutional," and "Cultural-Advertising." Moreover, since the defuzzificated mean difference of the experts' opinion was less than 0.25 in two steps, all the identified solutions were proved to be valid. The results also indicated that the first and foremost step in tourism development was "education and innovation," followed by physical infrastructure, supportive-institutional, and cultural-promotional steps, respectively. Furthermore, at each step, the most important solutions were found to be advertising for tourism villages, identifying villages with tourism potentials, providing banking facilities for villagers to help them develop tourism, and building cultural elements and particular architectures in rural areas, respectively.