problem behavior

Paying attention to women's mental health is one of the important indicators of growth societies. In the meantime, prostitutes’ women are more likely to be harmed, and getting their psychological profile can help improve their mental health and ultimately the progress of society. The aim of this study was to comparison of dysfunctional beliefs, body image and assertiveness in ordinary and prostitutes’ women.

The research design was a post-event comparison. The statistical population included all prostitutes arrested by the Social Security Police of Shiraz in 2013-2014. Among them, 40 prostitutes were selected by available sampling method and the same number of 40 normal women who were matched in terms of age, level of education, marital status and employment status were also selected as a comparative sample (80 in total). The research instruments included the Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS) and the Multidimensional Self-Body Questionnaire (MBSRQ) and the Assertiveness Scale (ASI). Data were analyzed by using SPSS-20 software and multivariate analysis of variance and independent t-test.

The results showed that there were significant differences between prostitutes and normal women in the variables of dysfunctional beliefs and assertiveness (P <0.01), but there was no significant difference between the two groups in body image.

According to these findings, it is recommended to hold workshops on assertiveness skills and familiarity with dysfunctional beliefs, as well as psychotherapy based on these two variables to improve the psychological status of prostitutes and ultimately prevent further injuries.

In recent decades, increasing productivity and reducing losses through the improvement of behavioral abnormalities at work has been considered by experts in organizational behavior, especially health researchers. Employee' abnormal behavior is a voluntary behavior that violates important norms of the organization, and thereby, threatens the goodness of the organization, its members, or both. The purpose of this study was to design a model for antecedents and outcomes of behavioral abnormalities of human resources in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education.

This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the summer of 2021. Library and Delphi study methods were used to collect information. Factors were identified and extracted using library studies. Then, experts were asked to determine the importance of each of the identified factors using verbal variables. After that, the verbal variables were converted to triangular fuzzy numbers and the triangular fuzzy mean was decaphasized using the Minkowski formula. Using the fuzzy Delphi method, during 3 stages, experts reached a consensus on the antecedents and outcomes of the abnormal behavior of human resources in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education by experts and developed a model.

A total of 21 factors were identified as antecedents and 13 factors as outcomes of outcomes of the abnormal behavior of human resources. The highest agreement in the field of antecedents was with the component of poverty and livelihood problems and weakness of self-control and the lowest agreement was with the component of meaninglessness of the universe and the imperfect physical condition and socialization, which have been completely eliminated. Migration has been recognized as the least agreed upon factor. In the field of outcomes, the highest agreement was with dissatisfaction and decreased motivation and the lowest was with suicide and sexual harassment.

Considering that poverty and livelihood problems and poor self-control were the most important antecedents of abnormal behavior, authorities can reduce abnormal behaviors of the employees by improving their living conditions and increasing their salaries and benefits, as well as increasing employees' ability to control themselves and improve their self-management skills.

Lateralization is one of the indicators of the natural evolution of the brain. The relationship between lateralization and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been the focus of some studies. The aim of this study was to compare lateralization in students with and without ADHD.

The population of this study included 130 students (57 girls and 73 boys) aged 6 to 12 years in Tehran, Iran.  With initial screening by the teacher, suspicious students were selected, and by the Connors’s Children's Behavioral Problem Scale Parent Form and Teacher Form (1999), as well as a clinical interview based on the criteria of the fifth edition of the DSM, 65 people with ADHD were selected. Moreover, 65 regular students from the same grade and schools were randomly placed in the control group. Subjects were divided into 4 groups, control, ADD, HD, and a combination of ADHD. Their lateralization was assessed using Edinburgh (1970) and Chapman (1987), Waterloo (1998), and eye superiority questionnaires.

Data analysis using the chi-square test showed that there was a significant difference between the ADHD and normal groups in all three components of hand, eye, and foot superiority. Furthermore, there was a significant difference between the group of ADD and normal and also between the group of HD and normal in the components of the superiority of hand and eye but this difference was not significant in the superiority of foot component.

There is a significant difference between lateralization in students with ADHD compared with their normal peers.

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurological disorder that affects children, adolescents, and adults. As the impulse control is a major part of their problems, they must learn how to control these impulses. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of impulse control game on impulsivity and behavioral problems of children with ADHD.

This study was a randomized clinical trial. The statistical population included 60 children with ADHD at the range of 8-12 years. They were randomly divided into two equal groups of intervention and control. For the children in intervention group, the impulse control game was performed for eight weeks, twice a week for 45 minutes each time. After the intervention, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and Continuous Performance Test (CPT) were completed by the parents and teachers. Assessments were repeated one month later to track the effects of the intervention. At the same time, a neutral game was played in the control group. During the study, both groups took Ritalin 10 mg daily.

There was not significant difference in impulse control between subjects in the intervention group and control group. However, in terms of grades of general problems, behavioral problems, problems with peers, and increasing socially desirable behavior in terms of parents, significant differences were obtained with (P < 0.05). According to the teacher, there was a significant difference in the scores of general problems (P < 0.05), but no significant difference was observed in other subgroups.

 Impulse control game in improved behavioral problems over time in children with ADHD. However, it did not have a significant effect on impulsivity in these patients.</strong></div>

The siblings of children with autism disorder spectrum (ASD) may struggle socio-behavioral development disorders; however, the issue has remained controversial. The current study aimed to assess socio-behavioral disorders among the siblings of the children with ASD.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 51 siblings of children with autism and 138 siblings of children without autism in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (Isfahan, Iran) during the years 2019-20. Social development was assessed using Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) and behavioral development using Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ); the findings were compared between the two groups.

The mean age was 9.61 ± 2.28 and 8.31 ± 1.10 years in case and control groups, respectively (P = 0.087). 28 cases (54.9%) and 65 controls (47.1%) were boys (P = 0.140). Mean SRS score was 43.35 ± 36.84 and 29.69 ± 11.20 in case and control groups, respectively (P = 0.020). Outcomes of SDQ revealed scores of 5.93 ± 5.53 and 3.26 ± 2.57 in case and control groups, respectively (P = 0.020).

Based on the outcomes of this study, siblings of children with autism are involved with more socio-behavioral disorders as compared to the control group.

Aggression is one of the most important issues in adolescence and is known as a severe and growing problem among adolescents and young people. Failure to control aggressive behaviors, in addition to causing interpersonal problems, may lead to intrusion and a variety of physical and psychological problems, such as stomach ulcers, migraine headaches, and depression. This study aimed to present the structural modeling of the relationship between adolescents and parental conflicts with aggression through the mediating role of perceived self-control in female adolescents.

This descriptive-correlational study was conducted based on the structural equation method. The statistical population of the study included female high-school students in Qom, Iran. In total, 607 students were selected using the stepwise cluster sampling, and they were then asked to respond to the adolescent-parent conflict, perceived self-control, and aggression questionnaires. The reliability and validity of the instruments were confirmed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and confirmatory factor analysis. The structural equation method with Amos software was used to analyze the data.

The results showed the negative and significant effect of adolescent and parental conflicts on perceived self-control (P<0.01, β=- 0.58). However, the effect of adolescent and parental conflict revealed a positive and significant relationship with adolescent aggression (P<0.01, β= 0.54). On the other hand, the effect of perceived selfcontrol on adolescent aggression was negative and significant in this study (P<0.01, β=-0.17).

It can be concluded that adolescent-parent conflict leads to decreased levels of perceived self-control and increased levels of aggression among female students. Moreover, perceived self-control affected the relationship between student-parent conflict and aggression.

Parent Management Training (PMT) is a general class of interventions which targets problem behaviors in children, and plays an important role in reduction or prevention of these kinds of behaviors in them.

The purpose of this article is to review the PMT programs for problem behaviors in preschool children and gathering the characteristics of programs.

In this article, in order to find related papers, a systematic search strategy has been used. Different date-bases have been utilized: PsycNet, Sciencedirect, Medline, PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science for foreign papers and ISC, SID and Irandoc for Iranian ones.

After removing the repetitive articles, the title of the PMT programs were discovered, amongst available articles, consist of 54 foreign and three Iranian programs. For each of these programs, a lot of data was collected, such as program title, researcher’s name(s), target groups, publishing year of the program.

There are numerous PMT programs that are designed to reduce the problem behaviors of preschool children, but these programs are often designed for children who do not suffer from any disorders or other inappropriate situations, except behavioral problems. In order to use PMT programs for special groups of children, characteristics of each group must be considered important in establishment of these programs.

Disruptive behavior includes any in appropriate behavior, conflict, and confrontation, ranging from verbal abuse to physical or even sexual harassment which results in the injury or intimidation of others. Purpose of this study was to evaluate the disruptive behaviors prevalence and atmosphe re governing physicians - nurse relationships in the therapeutic community .

This is a descriptive cross - sectional study in which 248 health care setting staffs of Isfahan teaching hospitals were enrolled in the study by whole sampling method. Data were collected through a researcher - made questionnaire on disruptive behaviors with multiple - choice questions during the year 2017. Data were reported using descriptive statistics in SPSS software .

163 (65.7%) participants were femal e and the rest were male, 82 (33.1%) were from Al - Zahra Hospital and 105 (42.3%) were working in the emergency department. 212 (85.5%) of the respondents witnessed disruptive behaviors by physicians as well as nurses and 200 (80.6%) witnessed disruptive be haviors by other hospital staff. 17 (6.9%) and 148 (59.7%) of answerers were reported there is very positive and relatively positive relationship between nurse and doctor .

 This article is the result of a research project approved by Code 292272 in the Research Committee of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Prior to the study, informed consent was obtained from all respondents .

Since disruptive behavior has a high incidence among physicians and nurses and has a negat ive impact on their relationship, having an efficient management system for everyone and providing communication training is of paramount importance

This study examined the effectiveness of Child-Centered Play Therapy (CCPT) on the internalized and externalized behavioral problems of children with Cerebral Palsy (CP). 

This was a quasi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test and a follow-up design. The study population consisted of all 6-8 years old children with CP in Rafideh Rehabilitation center in Tehran, Iran. Thirty children with CP were randomly divided into two groups of control (n=15) and experimental (n=15). Behavioral problems were measured using Child-Behavior Inventory Test in pre-test, post-test and follow-up phases. CCPT was performed for 16 sessions twice a week in the experimental group. After three months of CCPT intervention, the follow-up test was conducted to examine the continuity, consolidation, and generalization of the intervention results. The obtained data were analyzed by repeated-measures Multivariate Analysis of Covariance (MANCOVA).

In the post-test phase, CCPT had significant effect on reducing anxiety, depression, offense, and aggression of the children with CP compared to the pre-test scores. 

Given the significant effect of CCPT on reducing the internalized and externalized behavioral problems of children with CP, the results can be used in the pediatric care centers for these children.<span mso-ascii-font-family