جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Parent » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Parents of children with phenylketonuria experience a significant care burden due to the provision of continuous care. It will be easier to bear if parents are self-efficacious in providing care. Follow-up care can be supportive in this regard. This study was conducted to determine the effect of implementing the continuous care model on the self-efficacy and care burden of parents with a child with phenylketonuria.

The present study is a semi-experimental study that was conducted in 2019 at the clinic of Amin Shahr Hospital in Isfahan. 72 parents of children with phenylketonuria were first selected by the available method and randomly assigned to two groups of 36 people, test and control. In the test group, the follow-up care model was implemented in four months. The control group received the usual training. The data collection tool was a demographic questionnaire, Zarit care pressure, and Domka parental self-efficacy, which the participants answered before and one month after the study.

In the test group, the average self-efficacy after the study was significantly higher than before, but there was no significant difference in the control group (P < 0.05). The average self-efficacy before the intervention was not significantly different between the two groups. The average care burden after the intervention was significantly lower than before in the test group, but there was no significant difference in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the average care burden before the intervention. Still, after the intervention in the test group, it was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05).

The implementation of follow-up care for parents with a child with phenylketonuria increases self-efficacy and reduces the burden of care. Therefore, it is suggested to use this model during discharge for this target group.

Behavioral and personality traits of family members, especially the parents can affect a child's behavior. According to high prevalence of mental disorders in Iran, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between personality disorders in parents and psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents.

A cross-sectional-analytical survey was performed in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years in Ilam and its suburbs, west of Iran, 2018-2019. A total of 1022 children and adolescents were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. Semi-structured interviews were carried out and data were collected using Kiddie-SADS-Present and Lifetime Version (K-SADS-PL) and Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory. Data analysis was done applying descriptive statistics and calculation of odds ratio with 95% confidence interval.

The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was 10.80% in boys and 8.15% in girls. The most prevalent disorders in boys were depression (0.81%), enuresis (3.67 %), hyperactivity (1.84 %), and specific fear (1.22 %) and in girls separation anxiety (4.17%) was more common. Findings showed significant direct relationships between depressive personality disorder in mothers and depression in children (OR= 1.07, 95% CI: 1-1.14, P=0.02) and between depressive personality disorder in fathers and nocturnal enuresis in children (OR= 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01-1.14, P=0.02), and also between avoidant personality disorder in fathers and specific fear disorder in children (OR=1.09, 95% CI: 1-1.20, P=0.04).

In this study, we observed high prevalence of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents that are significantly linked to the personality traits of parents and should be taken into account in making diagnosis and designing interventions.

The current study was conducted with the aim of phenomenology of the lived experience of hearing teenagers with hearing impaired parents in Isfahan City.

The investigation of this research was qualitative and based on the descriptive phenomenology approach that was conducted in 2018. The participants were selected by purposive sampling among hearing teenagers with parents with severe and profound hearing loss in the schools of Isfahan, and there were ten of them. To collect data, semi-structured interviews were used and the life experiences of hearing teenagers with hearing impaired parents were investigated through interviews with them. The duration of the interviews was between 56 and 80 minutes.

 The results of the interviews were classified into seven main categories and 38 subcategories after extracting themes. The first main category was parental acceptance, which included subcategories such as deaf parents' acceptance, willingness to communicate with parents, and parents' social acceptance. The second main category was cultural values and its subcategories included cultural differences, respect for cultures, and awareness of cultural values and beliefs. The third main category was the cycle of emotions, which included subcategories such as feelings of incompetence and weak self-efficacy in parents, emotional instability, feelings of shame and doubt, anxiety and stress, feelings of loneliness and the need for empathy. The fourth main category was social conditions, which included sub-categories such as inappropriate attitude towards deaf people, inappropriate reactions of others, social distance, poor information, inappropriate social interaction and lack of attention to social justice. The fifth main category was knowledge and thinking, whose sub-categories were parents' ignorance, hearing and deaf people's misunderstanding of each other, duality in the way hearing and deaf people think, deaf parents' lack of attention towards their children's future. The sixth main category was support networks with subcategories such as insufficient support from parents, weak support from formal and informal institutions, and lack of coordination between support sources. The last main category was life challenges, which included subcategories such as behavior management, expectations, inadequate services, financial problems, and worry about the future.

Based on the findings, the analysis of the lived experience of hearing teenagers with hearing-impaired parents showed that they are affected by the hearing status of their parents in different ways; therefore, these categories can be used to design educational and psychological programs for hearing teenagers with hearing-impaired parents.

Colic is a common disease of infancy that affects the mental health of parents. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between parents' quality of life and infant colic and Islam's view on this issue.

A cross-sectional comparative study was performed on the parents of infants with infantile colic in the hospital of the Pediatric Medical Center in 2009-2010. As a control group, comparisons were made with the parents of infants who did not have infantile colic. Data were collected using a parent demographic checklist and the SF-36 questionnaire. Data were analyzed by descriptive and analytical tests.

Quality of life in two areas of emotional rehabilitation (P = 0.015) and pain (P = 0.017) was significant in the regression model. Increasing one unit of emotional rehabilitation decreases the infant's chances of developing colic by 3%, and increasing one unit of pain increases the infant's chances of developing colic by 1%. Quality of life in the area of energy-fatigue was significant. In Islamic view the healthy life style is affected on children’s health and the best way for health promotion of child is Islamic life style.

According to the results and valuable order in Islamic view, health care providers can reduce the stress of pregnant mothers with functional suggestions based on cultural and religious infrastructures, and as a result, provide them with more relaxation during pregnancy.

Family is a safe place for managing the challenges of early adolescence. Adolescents try different roles and situations to find a role and situation that is more in tune with their moods. At this age, they do different things and experiment with everything to find their interests and orientations. Parent–adolescent conflict is a feature of early adolescence that plays an essential role in reshaping family relationships to support the growing needs of adolescent autonomy. The conflict between parents and adolescents is common and somewhat natural. However, the methods of conflict resolution between parents and adolescents and the conflicting behaviors that parents and adolescents engage in are related to adolescent adaptation. Some of these conflicts are between parents and adolescents, and if these challenges are not appropriately resolved, the conflict will persist, resulting in family members' disputes. The main purpose of this study was to explain the strategies for resolving parent–adolescent conflicts from the parent's perspective.

This research was a qualitative study conducted based on the objectivist grounded theory developed by Strauss and Corbin. The study's target population was parents living in Yazd City, Iran, who had conflicts with their adolescents. In the academic year 2018–2019, in coordination with the local education administration, 15 schools (seven primary high schools and eight secondary high schools) were randomly selected. Schools then introduced parents who were in conflict with their teens and needed counseling. By purposeful sampling method, 29 parents (19 mothers and 10 fathers) who had a conflict with their adolescents were selected in Yazd City. The study data were collected using a semi–structured, sound interview method. The interview sessions were held in schools. The duration of each interview varied from 45 to 60 minutes. During the interview, the conversations were recorded with the permission of the participants to collect detailed information. The obtained data were analyzed after the first interview to extract the main concepts and design new questions. The interview process continued until data saturation. Theoretical saturation was obtained after interviewing 29 parents. Microanalysis was performed at three levels of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. To evaluate the reliability and validity of qualitative data, four Guba and Lincoln (2001) validity indices (credibility, transferability, dependability, confirmability) were used.

Data analyses for conflict resolution revealed 62 concepts, 10 subcategories, and 3 main categories of passive strategies, destructive strategies, and efficient strategies. Based on the analyses of the statements, 21 concepts and 2 subcategories were included in the main category of passive strategy. The avoidance and accomodating strategies were two subcategories related to passive strategies. The concepts extracted from parents' statements related to passive strategies are named under the concepts, such as silence, neglect, sulk, frowning, taking refuge in social media, abusing of illness, withdrawal, avoidance of position, leaving home, searching intermediator, remarriage, apologizing, and putting a curse. Also, in the analysis of the statements, 21 concepts and 4 subcategories were included in the main category of destructive strategy. The cheating/mocking, hegemonic, confrontational, and repressive strategies were subcategories of destructive strategies. The concepts extracted from parents' statements related to destructive strategies are named under the concepts of intrigue, coercion, conceal, verbal aggression, bullying, disinheriting, physical aggression, chastise, self–Injury, incarceration, showing improper behavior, obstinacy, retaliating, blaming, comparing, humiliating, menace, preach, penalizing, and prohibition. In the analysis of the statements, 20 concepts and 4 subcategories were included in the main category of efficient strategies. The spiritualistic, compromising, conciliatory, and collaborating strategies are four subcategories of effective strategies. The concepts extracted from parents' statements related to efficient strategies are named taking refuge in God, rewriting the story of life, consulting, negotiating, arguing, intangible controlling, reinforcement, coacting, paying attention, behavior correction, punctuality, showing friendly behavior, showing respect, admonishing, pointing out successful ones, not prejudging, helping, correct management, making rules at home, and referring to trouble–free times.

This study showed that when a parent–adolescent conflict happens, the parties take action to resolve the conflict and achieve their goals. People's experiences, knowledge, beliefs, and values provide them with various strategies to resolve conflicts that are sometimes destructive, sometimes passive (destructive), and sometimes effective (constructive) strategies.

Reading attitudes and performance of students with dyslexia can play a focal role in their success or failure in academic performance. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of a multidimensional intervention program (Sensory-Motor Integration Training for Child and Parent) on reading attitudes and performance of students with dyslexia.

The study was designed as a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test study with a control group. The population includes students with dyslexia referred to educational and rehabilitation centers of specific learning disabilities in Rasht city in the 2019-20 academic year. A sample of 40 participants was selected by the convenience sampling method. They were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The instruments of the study included the 4th edition of the Wechsler Children's Intelligence Scale (2003), the Reading Attitude Scale (Mckenna and Kear, 1990), and the Reading and Dyslexia Test (Kormi Nouri and Moradi, 2005). The multidimensional intervention program was performed in eight 60-minutes-sessions only for the experimental group, and the control group received only their routine training centers.

The results of the analysis of covariance showed that the training program of sensory-motor integration for children and parents has a significant effect on the reading attitudes and performance of students with dyslexia (P<0/01).

According to the results of the present study on the effectiveness of the sensory-motor integration program with mother-child interaction، the mother-child interactive test based on this method can be used as a suitable option in designing psychological and educational programs for children with dyslexia.

Mothers of children are exposed to crises in understanding their childchr('39')s illness and condition that affect family functioning and lifestyle and require intervention. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of reality therapy on hope in mothers of children with cancer.

The present study is a quasi-experimental study with two groups designing pre and post-test with a control group that that was done in 2019. The sample was 70 mothers of children with cancer admitted to the oncology ward of Fatemeh Masoumeh Hospital in Qom that was selected based on inclusion criteria and available sampling and randomly divided into intervention and control groups using the envelope method. The intervention group participated in 8 sessions of group training focused on reality therapy in 60-minute and the control group received routine care. The data collection tools were a demographic and Miller Hope Questionnaire which was completed in two groups before and after the intervention.

The mean score of hope before training was 71.58 ±27.07 in the intervention group and 72.37 ±18.86 in the control group that there was no significant difference (P = 0.89). After training, the mean score of hope in the intervention group was 150.28 ±12.93 and in the control group, it was 70.32 ± 19.89. Findings showed that after reality therapy, the expectation of mothers was significantly different in the intervention and control groups (P <0.001).

In this study, reality therapy was effective in the hope of mothers of children with cancer. Therefore, it is suggested that this intervention be considered in support of family, especially mothers, given the importance of family hope in the process of child treatment and family life process.

Parents' relationship with children with conduct disorder can cause problems with their children. Therefore this study was done aimed to evaluation the effectiveness of Triple P-Positive Parenting Program on parent-child relationship and symptoms of disorder in adolescents with conduct disorder.

Design of this study was semi-experimental type as pretest-posttest with control group.Statistical population consisted of all mothers of high school boy student with conduct disorder in district 4 of Tehran in 2019.The sample studied were all 34 mothers of children with conduct disorder who were selected through convenience sampling method and were divided randomly into two groups of experimental and control groups.For collection data was used from Parent Child Relationship Scale (PCRS) and Child Symptom Inventory (CSI-4). Data analyzing was conducted with ANCOVA and SPSS-22.  

The results showed that Triple P have significant effect on parent-child relationship (F= 9.70, p < .05) and symptoms of conduct disorder (F= 12.52, p < .05).

According to the findings this study, Triple P can be an effective educational method to improve the parent-child relationship and symptoms of disorder in adolescents with conduct disorder.

Adolescence is a stage of life characterized by dramatic biopsychosocial and emotional changes. The parent–child relationship alters during the transition to adolescence. Guiding these changes in adolescence is a major challenge for parents. Parent–Adolescent conflict is an indicator of complications in the relationship between parents and their children. Conflict is a state of stress and anxiety, recognized as a stressful factor that causes negative feelings and emotions. The quality of parent–adolescent interactions during adolescence is often associated with stress and conflicts and leads to behavioral and emotional problems among parents and adolescents. Parent–Adolescent conflict is perceived as a communication problem that can impair family functioning, individual functioning, and even present physical (suicidal) and sexual (extramarital affairs, substance dependence) and biopsychological disabilities. The present study aimed to investigate the outcomes of parent–adolescent conflicts from the parents' viewpoints.

This qualitative study was part of a research conducted in the form of a grounded theory with an objectivist approach by Strauss and Corbin (1990). A purposive sampling method was used in this research. The study population consisted of 29 parents who conflicted with their adolescent children in Yazd City, Iran, in 2018 and 2019. Initially, the research department of the relevant university approved this research. Then, it was coordinated with the related education department and schools; later, parents who required counseling services were introduced by the schools for sampling. The necessary data were collected by conducting 45–60–minute semi–structured interviews in schools. The interviews were recorded with the consent of the study subjects to carefully review the information. Data analysis was performed after the first interview and resulted in the production of concepts and new questions; consequently, more information was obtained. The interview process continued until data saturation. Theoretical saturation was achieved after interviewing 29 samples. Data analysis was conducted by data coding at 3 levels of open, axial, and selective coding. Code indicates assigning a category and concept closer to a smaller component with the meaning of each piece of data collected. To access the collected data, the examined parents were questioned concerning the consequences of their strategies on themselves and their families when resolving the conflict. This question led to the generation of concepts, new questions, and the acquisition of further data.

Data analysis resulted in 58 concepts, 14 subcategories, and 3 main categories (devastating, preventive, & constructive outcomes). Moreover, the family relationship function was central in this study. Analyzing the statements provided 37 concepts and 8 subcategories included in the main category of devastating outcomes. Concepts were extracted from devastating consequences statements, i.e., understandable to parents. These concepts were categorized as follows: feeling fear and worry; depression; hated feeling; guilt feeling; feeling of inadequacy; envy; irreverence; obsessive rumination; self–injury; other–harm; sleep disorders; eating disorders; exacerbated illness; reduced concentration; reduced motivation and efficacy; waste of time; overcontrol; abandonment; secrecy; searching intermediator; conditioning; a sense of temporary freedom; surrender; avoidance of position; improper sequacity; conflict normalization; disrupting relationships; substance dependence; leaving home; relying on cyberspace; extramarital affairs, divorce, suicide, reduced religious values; disown; break and destruction of home appliances; salary reduction, and implying these concepts were categorized into subcategories, as follows: psychological trauma, physical trauma, dysfunction, exacerbated conflicts, dysfunctional adjustment, social trauma, spiritual trauma, and financial loss. Analyzing parental statements provided the following

developing adverse psychological traits, social traits, and spiritual dimensions, and saving were other subcategories of this research that appeared in the main category of the constructive outcome, and two subcategories of preventing the escalation of conflicts and injuries prevention were the preventive outcomes of this research.

The present research results revealed that parent–adolescent conflicts outcomes are influenced by the strategies they use to resolve conflicts. Parent–Adolescent conflict can sometimes be beneficial and in some cases harmful. Harmful and beneficial conflicts can be identified from their outcomes. Understanding the outcomes helps parents with effective conflict resolution strategies.