Journal of Quran and Religious Enlightenment
Volume:1 Issue: 1, 2020

In this paper, based on the verses of Quran and the traditions related to the supreme leader, it is about the supreme leader’s jurisdiction. This is important because the theory of supreme leader is one of the most important achievements of political thought driven from Shia school that is stemmed in the verses and cabbalas. The theory of supreme leader has a long history among jurists and amongst no one has been denied the supreme leader, but the jurisdiction of the supreme leader in occultation has been debated and it raised questions and doubts. Today, in this sense, the Islamic Republic of Iran on the basis of the theory of supreme leader has been led and establishing the principle of supreme leader in the constitution and the objectification on the community, it is of special significant to discuss the jurisdiction; hence, the analysis of the jurisdiction of the supreme leader is also a topic that can be investigated using verses and cabbalas. This paper, by explaining the Quran’ view and cabbalas on the authority of the supreme leader, investigates the issue.

Although cynicism is generally considered anti-religious, in fact, it is inseparable from the true faith of religion. There are two types of cynicism: the first one is being faithful and the second one is being atheistic. An epistemological and psychological study of faith have viewed the essential element of faith. True religious faith is the wisdom of restlessness. Cynicism is what energizes the faith. In this article with library method it is shown that faith expands with faith. Cynicism is neither offensive nor erroneous nor a guilt; rather it is a component of religious faith.

Razi is not one of those commentators who often go beyond the text and the apparent meaning of the verses of the Qur'an and tend to paraphrase the verses. However, he is forced to paraphrase the five verses of the Qur'an, which explicitly indicate that the duties are limited to the extent of the Qur'an. This rare approach has its causes and reasons. He mentions five reasons in this regard and considers them as a definite verdict on the fulfillment of the task, to an extent beyond the scope of individuals. The subject of current research is to investigate the reason for his tendency to interpret these verses of the Qur'an. The research hypothesis of Razi's theological basis in paraphrasing is the attribution of individuals' actions. According to this interpretation, any internal origin of the action in man is denied and only the act of "acquisition" is sufficient. There are reasons for this mysterious epistemological basis. One of these factors is the interpretation of divine power.

The Messenger of Allah, prepared the Muslims for battle of Tabuk. Ali ben Abitalib was ready for going, but Prophet told him to stay in Medina. The Hypocrites teased Ali and said that Prophet does not like to keep Ali with Himself. Some said He left Ali same as women and children. The teasing forced Ali to follow prophet and says that he does not like to stay. Ali(as) said Oye! Prophet do you leave me between women and boys? He said: Don't you like to be same as Haron to Moses for me, except that there will be no prophet after me? Shia and Sonnie have transmitted this Hadith more than 100 times. But some like Ibn Taimiiah has weekend it. This Paper with the help of Qur'an's Ayat about Haron(as) has determined the status of Amiral Momenin related to prophet are: believing in same Lord, Brotherhood, Cooperation in propagation, receiving Allah's guardianship, to appoint a successor of The Messenger– of Allah, Obeying and following.

The continuity and relevance of Quranic expressions have long been considered by scholars. This issue has been raised mainly in a few verses or Surahs and less attention has been paid to one verse alone. In many verses, after expressing the divine actions, the names of the essence of the names of the action of God are mentioned, which are often at the end of the verse and in the same context, which is explanations and explanations and includes attributes such as being knowledgeable, wise, king, beloved and the Lord. Because the deeds of God Almighty are a sign of the divine names in the degradation of existence. In the current article, using a descriptive-analytical method and interpretive sources, the interpretation of divine actions has been studied, according to the names and attributes in the verses of the Qur'an. These verses, in a general category, are of two categories: stating the cause of God's actions, according to the attributes of the essence, and stating the cause of God's actions.

The issue of recognizing the enemy has received special attention in the Holy Quran. In general, the principled policy of the enemy to fight against Muslims is continuous and permanent. the methods of the enemy in fighting against Muslims and Islam have not always been unchanged and they have various methods for fighting. One of the tricks and strategies of the enemies of Islam is to weaken the foundations of the school of Islam. From the view point of the Holy Quran, the use of religious subjects, various accusations, fabricating legislation, anti-propaganda measures, slander and reproach, Scorn and disdain, destruction of school bases, fight and struggle, are all considered struggling tactics and methods of the enemies to weaken the foundations of the school of Islam.

In the Qur'anic view, the main mission of the prophets and their heavenly books is preaching. If the Qur'an, in some cases, deals with any subject, it has only a preaching approach. If we look at the Qur'an as a book of preaching, we sometimes come across verses that seem untrue: such as the imprisonment of a people called Gog and Magog behind a dam until the Day of Judgment or the dropping of meteors to drive demons out of the sky. Allameh Tabatabai considers these two as untrue and considers the relevant verses as permissible. However, all the commentators of the Qur'an, in the last fourteen hundred years, have all considered these verses to be true, and it is a difficult claim to claim that they misunderstood the Qur'an. The competitive theory, which is discussed in this article, is that those are myths, and in preaching, there is nothing wrong with using the myths of the audience as a tool. This theory, while leaving the verses of the Qur'an on their apparent meaning that all commentators have understood over fourteen centuries, also proves the legitimacy of the Qur'an.

One of the most important documents of orientalists to prove the non-revelatory origin of the Qur'an is the misconception of the difference between the structure of the Qur'anic stories and the Testaments’; the view of these researchers have been analyzed on three axes of "different narrative expression in Makkī and Madanī surahs", "repetition of stories", "ambiguity and incoherence of stories". Important factors such as the dominance of historical and literary approach to the content of Qur'anic stories, neglect of the single divine origin of monotheistic religions, and the perception of revelation as the personal experience of the Prophet (PBUH) have led to mention doubts about the structure of Qur'anic stories. This article criticizes and analyzes the doubts of orientalists in this field with intra-religious citations (Qur’an, commentary, dictionaries, etc.) and extra-religious citations (Testaments, opinions of Orientalists and historical evidence).

"Comprehensiveness of the Holy Qur’an" is a paradigm that has been taken from some Qur’anic phrases and expressions. This paradigm has had different meanings in different periods. "Comprehensiveness of the Qur'an" has been interpreted by some as the existence of all the news of the past and future in the Qur'an or the description of all beings or the inclusion of the Qur'an on all sciences and technologies. Many commentators have considered the comprehensiveness of Qur’an related to the human needs for reaching guidance. This study, by analyzing the evolution of the paradigm of comprehensiveness of the Qur'an, has shown that by proposing the discourse of the identity of religion and politics by Imam Khomeini and the dominance of this discourse in the cultural atmosphere of Iran after the Islamic Revolution; the paradigm according to some commentators has been defined as one of the components of this discourse and means the existence of comprehensive Qur'anic rules, laws and programs.

The commentary of Muḥammad b. Masʿūd al-ʿAyyāshī al-Samarqandī is one of the oldest books of narrative Tafsir. Since Tafsir Ayyashi is one of the first books of narrative Shia interpretations, it has the highest narrative validity. There are two challenging issues: first, eliminating the documents of the book hadiths; then, absence of the second part of this interpretation and only the first part is available, which continues to the end of the Surah Al-Kahf. The narrative Al-Khabar al-Wāḥid with the valid document has authority. The Tafsir Ayyashi's hadiths are Mursal regarding the eliminations of its documents, or at least their authenticity has not been proven, and for this reason, they have no authority. With description, analysis, and critique method, the present study aimed to find solutions for dissolving two challenging problems about Tafsir Ayyashi authenticity, including author authentication, reliance on retrieving documents in recent sources, scholars' trust in the book, thematology, and comparison with the Qur'an.

Metaphor is one of the verbal methods to express a particular concept through another one. Lack of proper knowledge of metaphor results in the lack of proper understanding of the text, meaning, and knowledge. The question is whether metaphor can be realized in the language of religion in practical words or not? The answer is that metaphor is not just about meaning. Rather, it exists in religious texts by aligning the calculated order of words and ultimately leads to the realization of practical speech. So, in addition to the beautifying and verbal richness of the text, it also causes an external connection with the outside world and the audience. The most important and remarkable result of the current study is the transition from the stage of meaning to the spirit of the text. Such a process is a dynamic one with the speaker and the listener, also pays attention to the texture of speech.

Absolving is one of the most important issues in Shiite texts and documents. There are some quotes in Shiite documents that clarify absolving Sunni Caliphs, especially first and second Caliphs. That is an important issue in the relations between Muslim branches. This paper tries to evaluate different quotes about absolving Caliphs in Shiite documents. It is done by analyzing library data. The results show that such quotes contradict the verse of Quran invites to unity, especial quotes about absolving, Ahl_al_beyt’s manner, the principle of piety and secrecy, etc., and are not validatable. Some of the reasons for the weakness of such quotes are hierarchy, the unreliability of some narrators, etc., which results through document analysis. Another result of analyzing quotes' origins is the invalidity of some primary sources. However, proving such an issue doesn’t mean denying the Caliphs absolving in Shiite beliefs. Avoiding to declare Caliphs absolving is very important, also swearing and slander.