مجله دانشکده پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد
سال شصت و ششم شماره 3 (پیاپی 189، امرداد و شهریور 1402)

irratability and inability to self-inhibit anger are among the diagnostic criteria of disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy based on mindfulness on irritability and self-inhibition of female students with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder. was semi-experimental, pretest-posttest with a control group. The statistical population of this study was all students with disruptive mood dysregulation disorders in the age range of 14-17 years in schools of Baharestan city. Among them, 35 people were selected by available sampling method based on the inclusion criteria and randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. The research instruments for measuring irritability included the Striggerzo et al(2012). Emotional Reactivity Scale Weinberger-Schwartz Questionnaire(1990) for measuring self-restraint. The subjects in the experimental group underwent 10 sessions of 60 minutes under the intervention of mindfulness integrated cognitive behaviore Therapy whit Kelly protocol (2007), and the control group did not receive any intervention. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data. The results of data analysis showed that the experimental group in comparison with the control group in the rate of irritability, decreased and in self-inhibition and their components had a significant increase (P <0.05). According to the findings of the study, mindfulness-based cognitive-behavioral therapy was effective in students with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder by reducing irritability and increasing self-restraint.

IntroductionCognitive dysfunctions may be brought about following the diseases which have destructive effects on the central nervous system. One way of studying the relationship among brain, behavior and thought, is examining and investigating the brain damaged people, among them Multiple sclerosis is one of the most prevalent diseases of CNS.Material and MethodThe aim of present study was to investigate the diagnostic value of simple and selective reaction time in discriminating patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) from normal people. For that purpose, two groups of patient with MS (n=44), a group of normal people (n=48) were selected as the control group. Their reaction time in simple and selective modes were measured by reaction timer, then demographic information of all subjects were collected and their inability was evaluated by EDSS.Mann-Withney U test and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Following analysis of data, it was revealed that both simple (z= -2.566, p=0.011) and selective (z=6.348, p<0.001) modes of reaction time in patients with MS, were significantly more than control group. Selective reaction time was statistically able to predict health and illness (χ2= 51.067, df= 2, p<0.0001).ResultsBoth simple and selective reaction times were significantly longer in the patient group, and it was able to differentiate the MS patients from normal people.ConclusionAccording to the findings of the research, reaction time in both simple and selective modes is appropriate in differentiating the patient with MS, from normal people, and hence it is worthy to be utilized in clinical situations including clinics and neurology wards of hospitals.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common gastrointestinal cancers that has become a major health problem worldwide. In recent years, various researchers have shown viruses to be involved in the pathogenesis of cancer. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of the presence of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in GC by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and PCR .

In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 50 GC tissue samples were selected from paraffin blocks of hospitals in East Azerbaijan province along with 50 non-malignant samples (gastric ulcer) and 50 control samples. The presence of CMV viral infection was determined by IHC and PCR. SPSS software and Chi-square test were used to analyze the data.

In the malignant samples studied, 3 samples (6%) were immunohistochemically containing pp65 protein and 5 (10%) samples contained CMV DNA. But no viral protein and DNA were observed in non-malignant and control samples. IHC and CMV positive DNA samples had a mean age of 58.33 ±14.43 and 59.40 ± 12.50, respectively. Chi-square test did not show a significant relationship between IHC and CMV DNA samples.

In East Azerbaijan province, the presence of CMV is low and is more common in men over 50 years and older Considering that the presence of CMV was not the same as the results of IHC and positive CMV DNA, therefore, in this study, the PCR method was more accurate and efficient.

Hyperbilirubinemia is the most common cause of neonatal hospitalization in the first month after birth. Understanding the underlying causes of jaundice helps identify newborn at risk faster. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of jaundice in neonates with diabetic mothers on the 3rd to 5th day of after birth. 120 pregnant mothers aged 18 to 40 years who had diabetes during pregnancy (familial or gestational diabetes) and were treated with insulin were included in this descriptive epidemiological study. All demographic information of the mother and infant is recorded in the checklists and after delivery, mothers are advised to visit the clinic on a routine checkup for jaundice (jaundice visible in the sclera) on the third to fifth day after birth. After a thorough neonatal examination, a total bilirubin test will be performed. Of 120 diabetic mothers, 54 (45%) had no jaundice, 24 (20%) had clinical jaundice, and 42 (35%) needed phototherapy. Statistical analysis showed that there were no significant differences between the three groups without jaundice, clinical jaundice and need for phototherapy in terms of gender, gestational age and Rh factor incompatibility but there was a significant difference between type of feeding, birth weight and incompatibility of ABO system. . Further statistical analysis showed that only birth weight factors and blood group incompatibility were associated with icterus. Maternal diabetes and neonatal jaundice appear to be associated.

Adipose tissue is one of the tissues that affects the process of obesity. The aim of the present study was the effect of eight weeks of high intensity interval training on the expression of 12.13.diHome, SREBP-1 genes and body composition of non-obese rats.working method; In the present study, 18 obese Wistar rats, aged eight weeks and weighing 343.88±42.20 grams, were randomly divided into two groups; high intensity interval training (10 heads) and control (8 heads). The rats of the experimental group performed high intensity interval training with an intensity of 85 to 90% of the maximum speed for eight weeks, five sessions a week, and Real Time-PCR method was used to measure the expression of 12.13.diHome and SREBP-1 genes. Became. Statistical methods of independent t-test and dependent t-test were used to check the statistical data at a significance level of P ≤ 0.05.Results; The results of the present study showed that high intensity interval training led to a significant increase in the expression of the 12.13.diHome gene (P=0.01) and a decrease in the expression of the SREBP-1 gene. The same embryo caused a decrease in the weight (P=0.001) and body mass index (P=0.001) of the rats.conclusion; According to the results of this research, it is suggested to use high intensity interval training that increase intramuscular lipolysis and decrease hepatic lipogenesis; To be used to reduce fat mass

Quantitative studies and questionnaires have not been very expressive of the concerns and experiences of people with cancer, and due to the lack of studies in this field, we decided to conduct this study in order to investigate the wishes and experiences of breast cancer patients. Redesign the qualitative format with semi-structured questions to express people's real experiences as much as possible.

This study was conducted using a qualitative method and based on content analysis on 15 women with breast cancer at Mrs. Al-Anbia Clinic in Peymaniye Jahrom Hospital. The experience of people personally at different stages from the beginning of the diagnosis until now was questioned.

After analyzing the interviews, themes including information about the disease, psychological symptoms, social experiences, spiritual resources, side effects of treatment, family support and adaptation to the problem were extracted. Accidental encounter, follow-up of symptoms with screening and observation of symptoms had shown itself. The theme of psychological symptoms was expressed with three sub-themes of psychological resistance, psychological signs and symptoms, and fear and worry about the consequences of the disease in people's experience. ,

The results showed that complications related to treatment are an integral part of the experiences of breast cancer patients, and cancer affects a person's personal identity as well as his view of himself, family, society, and even the work environment.

Anxiety is a common mental disorder during the COVID-19 that can reduce quality of life. Exercise is one of the most important, simple, and inexpensive treatment approaches that can improve mental health. The aim of this study investigate the relationship between physical activity (PA) and mental health during the first wave of COVID-19. This longitudinal study conducted from April 26 to May 3, 2020.

Our snowball sampling strategy focused on recruiting the public living in IRAN (Khorasan) during the COVID-19 outbreak. The psychological impact and mental health status of COVID-19 was measured using the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), respectively. Eventually, during this two-week home quarantine period, our sample number reached 385.

The mean of Body Mass Index (BMI) men and women were 24.91 and 24.5. People who are underweight and obese have more Stress, Anxiety and Depression than those who have acceptable weight and overweight. There is difference between the anxiety (P=0.003, F=4.027), stress (P=0.000, F=5.934) and depression (P=0.000, F=6.533) of the group that did not have physical activity at all and the groups that had physical activity every day and three days a week, during COVID-19.

Promotion of physical activity (PA) can potentially help improve mental health and wellness.

Peptic ulcer is one of the common psychosomatic diseases which is suggested to investigate the effectiveness of psychological treatments on the recovery and management of this disease. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of attachment-based therapy on attachment style, difficulty in emotional regulation and medical adherence in patients with chronic peptic ulcer.

This semi-experimental study was conducted with a pre-test, post-test, follow-up design and a control group. The statistical population of the current study included all patients with chronic peptic ulcer who referred to specialized polyclinics and internal specialists in Mashhad during the research period. Sampling was done by available method. 34 patirnts who met the conditions for entering the study were randomly placed in two intervention and control groups. The intervention group received attachment-based therapy. The participants were evaluated with revised version of adult attachment scale(1990), Morisky(2008) medical adherence questionnaire and Gratz and Roemer(2004) emotional difficulty scale. To analyze the data, the statistical method of repeated analysis of variance was used in SPSS22 statistical software.

The results showed that the participants in the intervention group reported a more secure attachment style, higher medical adherence and better emotional regulation after the intervention. The scores of the participants in the intervention group compared to the control group showed a significant decrease in avoidant and anxious attachment styles (P<0.001).

Therefore, it can be said that attachment-based therapy can be used to better adapt to chronic peptic ulcer disease.

Propose: The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of unified trans-diagnostic treatment on the infertility stress and Cognitive fusion in infertile women’s.

It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and control group design. Two-month follow-up period was administered too. The statistical population included infertile women who referred to infertility clinic at Mother and Child Hospital and Samar infertility clinic in the city of Shiraz in the winter of 2021. 36 infertile women were selected through voluntary sampling method and randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received ten sessions of unified trans-diagnostic treatment during two-and-a-half-months. The applied questionnaires in this study included Infertility stress Questionnaire (Newton, Sherrard, Glavac, 1999) and Cognitive fusion Questionnaire (Gillanders et al, 2010). The collected data were analyzed through mixed ANOVA via SPSS23 software.

The results showed that unified trans-diagnostic treatment has significant effect on the infertility stress (F=50.03; Eta=0.59; P<0001) and Cognitive fusion (F=91.36; Eta=0.72; P<0001) in infertile women’s.

According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that unified trans-diagnostic treatment can be used as an efficient intervention to improve infertility stress and Cognitive fusion in infertile women’s through employing techniques such as identify emotions, emotional awareness, cognitive reassessment, and identify patterns of emotion avoidance.

Mental retardation is a disorder that manifests itself from childhood and is characterized by below average intellectual function (IQ 70 or less). The aim of this study was the effectiveness of dialectical behavioral therapy on tolerance Anxiety and resentment of mothers with mentally retarded children in Zahedan.

The research method is quasi-experimental and is a pre-test post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included the mothers of mentally retarded students in Zahedan in 1399. Thus, among the mothers of students in exceptional schools in districts 1 and 2 of Zahedan, 30 people were selected according to the inclusion criteria and randomly assigned to two experimental groups (15) and a control group (15). The experimental group in 8 sessions of 90 minutes. In 2 months, they were trained in dialectical behavior therapye.

The results showed that the overall score of distress tolerance and resilience in the experimental group in the post-test phase increased compared to the control group. Overall, the results showed that there was a significant difference between the mean scores of resilience dimensions and distress tolerance dimension scores in the dialectical behavior therapy training and control group in the post-test

. Therefore, according to the findings, this treatment can be used as an effective method to increase anxiety tolerance and Resilience has been suggested in mothers with mentally retarded children. .

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between pain intensity and self-efficacy with fear of movement with the mediation of pain catastrophizing and psychological distress in women with rheumatoid arthritis. The statistical population of this study included women with rheumatism referred to the rheumatology clinic of Imam Khomeini Hospital (RA) in Sari city. 224 participants were selected as a sample using the available and purposeful sampling method and answered the questions of Tempa fear of movement scale (Corey et al., 1990), brief pain intensity questionnaire (Cleland, 1991), pain self-efficacy questionnaire ( Nicholas, 1989), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (Sullivan et al., 1995) and the Psychological Distress Scale (Laviband & Laviband, 1995). Data analysis using structural equation modeling showed that pain intensity has a direct effect on fear of movement (p<0.05, β=0.32); Self-efficacy has a direct effect on fear of movement (p<0.05, β=0.42); Pain catastrophizing has a direct effect on fear of movement (p<0.05, β=0.74); Psychological distress has a direct effect on fear of movement (p<0.05, β=0.78). As a result, the model of fear of movement based on pain intensity and self-efficacy is suitable with the mediation of pain catastrophizing and psychological distress in women with rheumatoid arthritis. The findings of this study prove the importance of psychological interventions in reducing physical symptoms in chronic diseases.

Among the hospital jobs, nursing is an example of jobs where a person spends many hours with patients. Nurses who do not have good general health will not be able to take effective care of patients. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediator role of job involvement in explaining the effect of professional ethics values and source of control on nurses' job performance.

The research was descriptive and structural equation modeling. All the nurses working in the public hospitals of Tehran in 2021 formed the statistical population of the research, 300 people were selected from among them with the multi-stage cluster random sampling method and research tools included job performance questionnaire, locus of control questionnaire, professional ethics questionnaire, and the job involvement questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient and path analysis with SPSS and AMOS statistical software were used for data analysis.

Based on the results of this research, the proposed model of causal relationships between the mentioned variables had an acceptable fit. In general, in the proposed research model, the results showed that the source of control and the value of professional ethics are directly and indirectly related to job performance in nurses through job involvement (P<0.05). Also, the results showed that there is a significant relationship between internal and external sources of control with job engagement (P<0.05). This relationship between the value of professional ethics and job involvement in nurses was also significant (P<0.05).

The present study was conducted with the aim of designing a life skills training package for children and determining its effectiveness on the academic achievement of primary school students. The research method was qualitative, Theme analysis according to Attride-Stirling (2001), and the research method in the quantitative part was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and a two-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the research was made up of 12698 primary school students of Shahrekord city in the academic year of 2021-2022. The sample in this research consisted of 109 students of the first year of elementary school who were selected by the available sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (56 students in the experimental group and 53 students in the control group). The students in the experimental group received the life skills training package during 10 weeks in 10 sessions of 75 minutes as a group. The results showed that the life skills training package has sufficient content validity according to experts. Also, this training package had an impact on the academic achievement (P<0001; Eta=0.56; F=139.81) of social skills of primary school students. Based on the findings of the research, it can be concluded that the life skills training package by familiarizing students with their strengths and weaknesses, effective communication skills and empathy, emotion management, problem solving skills and creative thinking can be an efficient method to improve the academic achievement of primary school students be used.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD is the most common psychiatric disorder that begins in childhood and is an important public mental health issue. Family therapy focuses on hyperactivity-attention deficit disorder to help families develop organizational patterns for effective coping and management of the child. This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness and metacognition therapy on family functioning, emotional control and emotional empathy of mothers with children with ADHD. The present study was an applied and quasi-experimental study with three groups of 16 tests as pretest-posttest. The statistical population of this study was the mothers of kindergartens in Bojnourd. From the statistical population, 48 people were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to two experimental groups. Initially, a pre-test was taken from both groups, which included a revised social problem-solving questionnaire, an emotional control questionnaire, and an empathy questionnaire. The results show that after adjusting the pre-test means, there is a significant difference between the means of the experimental and control groups in the post-test. In other words, the treatment of mindfulness and metacognition has improved family functioning, empathy and emotional control of mothers with hyperactive children and has had a positive effect on them. In general, according to the obtained results, it can be stated that the treatment methods have been effective on the studied variables.

Research has shown that marital satisfaction that is formed after marriage makes the family last and stable; therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of morbid jealousy and self-efficacy in using social networks on women's marital trust, with the role of online monitoring as a mediator.

The design of the current research is a correlation design of the structural equation modeling (SEM) type, which is a multivariate correlation method. The statistical population in this research was all married women in Khuzestan whose husbands use social networks. Using the non-discriminatory snowball sampling method, 350 married women with electronic literacy and familiar with using social networks were selected. Subjects responded to the revised version of the Facebook Morbid Jealousy Scale by Moyes et al. (2009), the self-efficacy scale of Chan (2022), the online monitoring scale of the modified version of Ellison (2007) and the marital trust scale of Rempel and Holmes (1986). SPSS/23 statistical software and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using AMOS/23 software were used to evaluate the proposed model.

The results showed that the indirect effect of morbid jealousy and self-efficacy on marital trust through online monitoring was significant -0.124 and 0.04, respectively. (P≤0.001).

Based on the results, it can be said that self-efficacy and morbid jealousy in the use of social networks affect marital trust through online monitoring.

The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of TC and NA in the five major personality factors of people addicted to methamphetamine.

This research is one of the quantitative researches whose aim was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of two therapeutic interventions. The method of this research was semi-experimental and a pre-test-post-test design was used along with a three-group control group. The statistical population of this research is people addicted to methamphetamine. The sample size of 45 people in each group was selected, which were divided equally into three groups under the mentioned treatments and the control group.

According to the tests conducted and the announced results in the fourth chapter, the personality traits of people in the two TC test groups change by 30.60 NA and 26.17 units, but there is no significant change in the control group, as well as in the TC group. was more than the NA group. The average changes of the three groups during the study are different from each other in terms of the personality traits variable because the significance level is less than 0.01. Further results based on Thomhans post hoc test showed that the changes of TC, NA and control groups are significant because the significance level is less than 0.01. The average of the personality traits of people in the TC and NA groups was not significant during the study, so it can be concluded that the two groups of TC and NA did not have the same therapeutic effect in terms of the personality traits of the people.

It seems that the effectiveness of TC and NA was effective in the big five personality factors of people addicted to methamphetamine.

The present study was conducted with the aim of explaining the model of desire for addiction treatment based on addiction memory,desire to use and tolerance of ambiguity with the mediation of self-control in drug addicts seeking withdrawal.The method of the present research was a description of the type of correlation and prediction.The statistical population of this study included drug addicts who referred to addiction treatment clinics in Babol city.209 participants were selected as a sample using the purposeful and accessible sampling method and answered the questions of Chen et al.'s Addiction Memory Severity Scale (2018), Tanjeni et al.'s Self-Control Scale (2004), McLean et al.'s Ambiguity Tolerance Scale (2004).1993), Miller and Tunigan's (1997) scale of readiness to change and desire for addiction treatment, and Somoza et al.'s (1995) drug addiction scale answered.Data analysis using the structural equation modeling method showed that addiction memory has a direct role in desire for treatment (p<0.05, β=0.31);The desire to use has a direct role in the desire for treatment (p<0.05, β=0.39); Ambiguity tolerance has a direct role in desire for treatment (p<0.05, β=0.36); Self-control has a direct role in desire for treatment (p<0.05, β=0.79) and the model of desire for addiction treatment based on memory of addiction, desire to use and tolerance of ambiguity with the mediation of self-control is suitable in drug addicts seeking to quit..Further studies can be an effective step in creating motivation for treatment by eliminating and minimizing problematic factors and create a background to create enthusiasmforchangeinthelives of drug addiction patients.

Covid-19 pandemic causes psychological and emotional turbulence and emergence of anxiety in many people in the society. The present study was conducted with the purpose of investigating the efficacy of emotional self-regulation training on the life quality and resilience of those recuperated from Covid 19.

The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control group and three-month follow-up period design. The statistical population of the study included those recuperated from Covid 19 with the record of hospitalization in the city of Bandar Abbas in the winter of 2020. 27 recuperated people from Covid 19 were selected via snowball method and randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (13 people in the experimental and 14 in the control group). The experimental group received emotional self-regulation training during two-and-a-half months (in 10 sessions). The applied questionnaires in this study included resilience questionnaire (Conner and Davidson, 2003) and life quality (Luthans and Aliyev, 2007).

The results showed that emotional self-regulation training has been effective on the life quality (F=28.28; Eta=0.53; P<0001) and resilience (F=39.59; Eta=0.61; P<0001) of those recuperated from COvid19 with the record of hospitalization in a way that it succeeded in improving their life quality and resilience.

According to the findings of the present study, emotional self-regulation training can be used as an efficient method to improve the life quality and resilience of those recuperated from Covid 19 through employing increase positive experiences and reduce negative emotions, identify misjudgments, and train emotional discharge.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the factors affecting the unfulfilled need of having children of women living in Tehran. The research method was a survey and the data was collected using a questionnaire. The statistical population included married women aged 30-44 in Tehran in 1400, of which 400 were selected as a sample using a multi-stage cluster sampling method. The findings show that most people consider the ideal number of children in the family to be two children. The results of bivariate analysis showed the unfulfilled need of women to have children and the variables of respondents' age, age at first marriage, age gap between couples, length of marriage, number of children, religious adherence, attitude towards the value of children, social network norms, individualism and control perception. Behavior has a significant relationship. The results of the multivariate regression also showed that in the final model, the variables of women's attitude towards the value of children and the level of religious adherence of women have a direct, positive and significant effect, and the variables of the number of children of women, the attitude of women towards the norm of the social network regarding the increase of children. and individualism have a direct, negative and significant effect on the unestimated needs of women.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy on action cognitive fusion, distress tolerance and forgiveness of divorced women. the research method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group design and a two-month follow-up phase and follow-up period in three months. The statistical population included divorced women who referred to Valiasr and Avai Saadat psychology clinics in Mashhad in the first six months of 2022. 30 divorced women were selected through purposive sampling method and randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (15 women in the experimental group and 15 in the control group). the experimental group received acceptance and commitment therapy approach (10 sessions) during 10 weeks (90 minutes). the applied questionnaires in this study included cognitive fusion questionnaire (Gillanders et al, 2014), distress tolerance questionnaire (Simons, Gaher, 2005) and forgiveness scale (Rye et al, 2001). the data were analyzed through mixed anova and bonferroni follow-up test via spss23 software. the results showed that acceptance and commitment therapy is effective on the cognitive fusion (f=41.45; eta=0.59; p<0001), distress tolerance (f=27.79; eta=0.50; p<0001) and forgiveness (f=38.02; eta=0.57; p<0001) of the divorced women. Based on the findings of the present research, the acceptance and commitment therapy by forming psychological flexibility and creating psychological acceptance can be used as an effective approach to improve the cognitive fusion, distress tolerance and forgiveness of divorced women.