مجله علمی پزشکی جندی شاپور
سال بیست و دوم شماره 3 (پیاپی 144، امرداد و شهریور 1402)

Bed sore is one of the major problems in patients admitted to intensive care units. Two common tools for assessing the risk of bed sore are the Braden and Waterlow scales. There is very little evidence of agreement between the two scales in predicting the incidence of bed sore.

The present study was a prospective cohort study that was performed from July to November 2017 in the ICU of hospitals affiliated to Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. The risk of bed sore was assessed every two days using two scales, Braden and Waterloo, until the patient died or was discharged for a maximum of one month.

The findings of the study showed that the average Braden scale score in patients who developed bedsores was significantly lower than that of patients who did not develop bedsores (P = 0.002), also the average score of Waterloo in patients who developed bedsores was significantly higher than the patients who did not find bedsores (P<0.001). Braden scale sensitivity was 82.6% and specificity was 53.6% and positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 29.7% and 92.9%, respectively. Waterlow scale sensitivity was 73.9% and specificity was 68% and positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 35.4% and 91.7%, respectively.

Considering the area under the curve of the two scales as well as the sum of the two sensitivity and specificity indices, the Waterlow scale is a more suitable tool for predicting bed sores in patients than the Braden scale.

Chronic hypertension causes structural and functional changes in the heart, ultimately leading to heart failure (HF), which further increases mortality. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of a period of intermittent aerobic exercise on the serum level of apelin 17 and factors related to blood pressure in patients with HF.

In this semi-experimental study, 20 men with HF were selected based on the conditions of entering the study and were randomly divided into 2 exercise and control groups. The exercise program included interval aerobic training that were performed three sessions a week for eight weeks of training. Blood sample and physiological variables were measured fasting 48 hours before and after the intervention.

After eight weeks of training, there was a significant increase in the levels of Apelin 17 (P = 0.039), Ang I (P = 0.005) and FMD (P = 0.008) and a significant decrease in the levels of Ang II (P < 0.001) and SBP (P < 0.001) were observed, but no significant difference was observed in the values of ACE-2 (P = 0.234) and DBP (P = 0.363).

According to the results, it can be said that one of the adaptations of exercise that improves blood flow and lowers blood pressure in patients with HF is increasing the level of apelin-17 in these patients.

Ecstasy is one of the most famous derivatives of amphetamine The aim of the present study was evaluating the effects of vitamin E on ecstasy- induced kidney histological damages in mice.

Methods and Materials: 

28 male albino mice were divided into four groups. The control group, the ecstasy group (10 mg/kg ecstasy intraperitoneally), the ecstasy group + vitamin E 150 mg/kg through gavage), the vitamin E solvent group (olive oil) for five weeks. Kidny tissues were evaluated histologically by H&E and Masson’s trichrom staining methods. Urea and creatinine levels were also measured in serum.

Tissue changes were indicative of kidney tissue disorder in the ecstasy group. Evaluation of renal fibrosis showed that in the ecstasy group, large areas of fibrosis were seen in the kidney tissue, as well as in the glomerular structure and renal tubules. On the other hand, the degree of fibrosis in the group receiving vitamin E was significantly lower than in the ecstasy group. Also, taking ecstasy caused a significant increase in serum creatinine and urea compared to the control group. But the vitamin E improved these conditions.

Ecstasy consumption can lead to glomerular infiltration, Bowman capsule injury and renal fibrosis. In contrast, the use of vitamin E treatment after taking ecstasy can significantly inhibit the progression of injury.

Asprosin is an adipokine that has a positive relationship with obesity and type 2 diabetes; also, this adipokine plays an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance with its gluconeogenic and metabotropic effects. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of six weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on insulin resistance, body fat percentage and asprosin serum in obese men with type 2 diabetes.

In this semi-experimental research, 24 obese men with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into 2 HIIT and control groups. People in the training intervention group did six weeks of HIIT training with an intensity of 80-85% heart rate reserve in 3 training sessions per week. Blood and anthropometric variables were performed fasting 48 hours before and after the intervention. Paired sample t-tests and analysis of covariance were used for statistical analysis.

After the intervention, there was a significant difference (P<0.001) in serum asprosin (-10.47% vs. +0.13%), body fat percentage (-5.17% vs. +0.13%), and insulin resistance (-23.94% versus +10.02%).

According to the results, it can be said that adjustment of fasting asprosin to body fat percentage is one of the effective mechanisms for reducing insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes in adaptation to HIIT.

Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of death and disability globally, and type 2 diabetes is a risk factor for it. Cardiogoniometry is a non-invasive method developed to diagnose IHD, but its accuracy in diagnosing IHD in diabetic patients has not been studied so far. Therefore, this study evaluated the accuracy of cardiogoniometry in diagnosing IHD in diabetic patients in Ahvaz, Iran.

In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 142 diabetic patients with suspected IHD who were candidates for primary coronary angiography were included. Cardiogoniometry was performed in diabetic patients with chest pain before diagnostic angiography and the results were compared to angiography. Finally, its sensitivity and specificity were calculated.

Mean age of participants was 59.8 years. A comparison of cardiogoniometry results with angiography in diabetic patients showed a sensitivity and specificity of 64.48% (95% CI 58.41-77.07) and 78% (95% CI 44.87-81.28) for cardiogoniometry in IHD diagnosis, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of cardiogoniometry were 63% and 76% in women and 75% and 62% in men, respectively.

Cardiogoniometry has relatively high sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing IHD in diabetic patients and can be regarded as a useful screening tool for IHD diagnosis in these patients.

This study was aimed to determine the relationship of job satisfaction and quality of work life with organizational citizenship behavior in the staff of rehabilitation clinics affiliated to Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences.

The current research was a descriptive-cross sectional study that was conducted by census method in the second half of 1399 among all staff of the rehabilitation clinics affiliated to Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences. The research tools were the Minnesota job satisfaction questionnaire, the Walton's quality of work life questionnaire, and the Oregon organizational citizenship behavior questionnaire.

The results showed positive and significant relationship between the job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior (p < 0.001, r= 0.55) and also between the quality of work life and organizational citizenship behavior (p < 0.001, r= 0.45). Further analysis indicated that among the domains of organizational citizenship behavior, Job satisfaction and quality of work life were significantly associated with domains of the politeness and consideration (p < 0.001, r= 0.76, p < 0.001, r= 0.66, respectively), civic virtue (p < 0.001, r= 0.52, p= 0.01, r= 0.26, respectively), and altruism (p= 0.009, r= 0.28, p= 0.04, r= 0.21, respectively).

Our results suggest that the managers of the health centers develop the programs for the enhancement of quality of work life and job satisfaction in the staff working in the rehabilitation centers. It can be helpful for the development and promotion of the extra and voluntary roles and behaviors in these staff.

Prostate cancer is the most common malignant cancer in men. In this study, the Healthy Eating Index, serum zinc levels and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in prostate cancer patients and healthy individuals were evaluated.Subjects and

In this study, 30 men who had recently been diagnosed with prostate cancer and 30 healthy men whose age had been matched with those with cancer were studied. Serum levels of 25 hydroxyvitamin D and zinc of all subjects were assessed. HEI was also evaluated in both groups using a 3-day food record. the results were reviewed and compared.

There was no significant difference in age, weight, BMI and waist circumference between the two groups. The score of all components of the healthy nutrition index was not statistically significant in the two groups and also in spite of the lower total score of the healthy eating index in the affected group, but this difference was not statistically significant. Serum zinc levels were statistically a marginally significant between the two groups (P-value=0.053). But the level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the group of patients was significantly lower than the control group (P-value =0.046).

The results of this study showed that there are a statistically significant and marginally significant difference in 25 hydroxyvitamin D and zinc between the two groups with prostate cancer and healthy individuals respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the score of the healthy eating index.

The present study aimed to determine the oral health status related to the quality of life among patients with beta-thalassemia major in Ahvaz city.

This was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted on two groups: individuals with beta-thalassemia major and healthy individuals. The case group consisted of 120 patients with beta-thalassemia major who had referred to Shafa Hospital in Ahvaz in 2022, and the control group included 120 healthy individuals who accompanied the patients. Data collection tools included two standard questionnaires on dry mouth and oral health-related quality of life. All analyses were performed using SPSS software version 22, with a significance level of less than 0.05.

There was a significant difference in the mean score of overall oral health-related quality of life and its dimensions between patients with beta-thalassemia major and healthy individuals (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in the mean score of functional limitation between patients with beta-thalassemia major and healthy individuals based on age (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in the mean score of physical disability between patients with beta-thalassemia major and healthy individuals based on age and dry mouth (P<0.05). There was a significant difference in the mean score of disability between patients with beta-thalassemia major and healthy individuals based on gender, education level, tobacco use, and dry mouth (P<0.05).

Appropriate psychological interventions and strategies should be implemented to improve the oral health-related quality of life among patients with beta-thalassemia major.

Vascular endothelial growth factor beta (VEGF-β) plays a role in lipid metabolism, contrary to its weak role in angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of training and atorvastatin on the expression of the VEGF-β gene in the liver tissue of diabetic rats.

In this study, 25 rats were divided into control, diabetes, diabetes + exercise, diabetes + atorvastatin, and diabetes + atorvastatin + exercise groups. The interventions included eight weeks of aerobic exercise, running on a treadmill and taking 10 mg of atorvastatin by gavage. After the interventions, the rats were sacrificed and the liver tissue was analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance and LSD post hoc test.

The results showed that the induction of diabetes led to a significant decrease in hepatic VEGF-β gene expression and an increase in serum glucose and total cholesterol compared to the healthy control group. In the groups of diabetes + exercise and diabetes + atorvastatin + exercise, the increase of VEGF-β and the decrease of glucose and cholesterol were significant compared to the control diabetes and diabetes + atorvastatin groups.

According to the results, it can be said that continuous aerobic training can prevent liver complications caused by diabetes by increasing the expression of VEGF-β gene, however, despite the positive effects of atorvastatin on serum glucose and total cholesterol, it does not have a significant effect on hepatic VEGF-β gene expression in diabetic rats.

One of the safety methods to prevent the spread of covid-19 is to use a mask. The aim of the current research was to compare the effect of wearing medical and Cloth masks during exercise on lung function in healthy young men during the covid-19 epidemic.

In this semi-experimental research, 40 healthy men (average age 29.40 years, average height 175.30 cm, average weight 73.37 kg, and body mass index 23.56 kg/m2) were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly placed in 4 groups of activity with medical mask, activity with Cloth mask, activity without mask and control. Pulmonary function was measured using a spirometer. The training intervention was carried out for eight weeks concurrent training (aerobic-resistance) with a three session’s frequency per week. For statistical analysis were used paired sample t-tests, analysis of covariance and Benferroni's post hoc test.

A significant increase in tidal volume (VT), vital capacity (VC), total lung capacity (TLC) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) was observed after exercise training (P<0.01), but the use of a medical mask and Cloth mask caused a significant decrease in VT, VC, TLC and PEF indices compared to the group activity without mask (P<0.01). Also, other results showed that there is no significant difference between cloth and medical masks in the pulmonary indices of healthy young men (P>0.05).

The results of this research show that the use of mas during exercise reduces lung function by increasing airway resistance.

When men are exposed to the coronavirus infection (SARS-CoV-2), they show severe consequences of this disease, including a higher death rate, than women. These differences are probably due to sex-specific behaviors, genetic and hormonal factors, and sex differences in biological pathways associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Several socio-behavioral factors are involved in pathogenesis in men compared to women. However, sex-biological differences and their effects on SARS-COV-2 outcomes have received less attention. Sexual-biological differences between healthy populations and age- and sex-specific conditions such as pregnancy and menopause are also discussed. More extensive studies with gender-specific reporting and robust analyzes are needed to determine how gender can alter the cellular and molecular pathways associated with SARS-CoV-2. This work will improve biomarker interpretation and clinical management of SARS-COV-2 patients by facilitating a personalized medicine approach to risk stratification, prevention, and treatment. The present review summarizes the available literature on proposed molecular and cellular markers associated with SARS-COV-2 infection, their association with health outcomes, and any reported variation by gender.

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease and cause disorders in reproductive system. Recent studies have revealed that main components of saffron like crocin and safranal have a large number of physiological effects on different biological systems.Due to the role of crocin in modulation of antioxidant defense system, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of crocin on pituitary- testicle hormonal axis in alloxan-induced diabetic male rats.

In this experimental study, 28 Wistar male rats were allocated into 4 equal groups. Groups were control, diabetic control and two treated diabetic group with crocin. The diabetes in diabetic control and treated diabetic groups was induced using an intraperitoneal injection of 240 mg/kg alloxan. Crocin with concentrations of 50 and 100 mg/kg [0.5 ml] was intraperitoneally injected into the two treated diabetic groups for 25 days. Saline solution [0.5 ml] was injected into the animals of control and diabetic control groups for 25 days. At the end of period treatment, serum levels of LH, FSH, estrogen, testosterone and DHT was measured by ELISA. The statistical analysis was carried out using one-way ANOVA and Post Hoc Tukey tests. P<0.05 was considered significant.

In comparison with diabetic control group, administration of crocin with concentrations of 50 and 100 mg/kg dose-dependent significantly increased serum levels of LH, FSH, estrogen, and DHT testosterone in a dose-dependent manner [p<0.05].

The results show that crocin by increases activity of pituitary- testicle hormonal axis, improves hormonal disorders in diabetic rats.