implicit knowledge

The purpose of this research was to identify and prioritize the aspects of knowledge audit in academic libraries. 

The method of this research is descriptive-survey. The statistical population of the research includes the final managers and managers of central library departments of universities affiliated to the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology. The sampling method of the libraries, considering their dispersion in the whole country, is first by random cluster sampling method and then by targeted method of the central library of the largest university in the center of the province. Finally, the number of 279 final managers and department managers of central libraries of universities affiliated to the Ministry of Science, Research and Technology were selected as the statistical sample of the research. The knowledge audit questionnaire has been compiled with 99 items and includes 14 dimensions of vision and organizational goals (7 items), analysis of knowledge data and information (6 items), measurement of explicit and tacit knowledge (6 items), drawing a knowledge map. (6 items), identifying strategic elements of the organization (8 items), analyzing the gap between existing and desired knowledge (5 items), preparing the organization (6 items), identifying the knowledge audit process (7 items), forming a knowledge audit working group (8 items) ), analysis of knowledge flow (12 items), identification of valuable assets of the organization (6 items), evaluation of information and knowledge (6 items), measurement of current knowledge health (9 items) and knowledge application analysis (7 items). 

Based on the results of the research, the components of knowledge flow analysis (4.57), measuring the health of current knowledge (4.12), forming a knowledge audit working group (3.68) and identifying the strategic elements of the organization (3.12) have a higher average rating than others. The indicators are in terms of the possibility of occurrence and influence in the knowledge audit of academic libraries and have a more favorable situation in academic libraries, and in the same way, other indicators are placed in the next ranks. 

Based on the results of the research, it was found that managers can benefit from knowledge audit in improving the quality of university library services. By applying knowledge audit, managers review, examine, measure and evaluate the intellectual assets of the organization and evaluate the knowledge reserves and flow of the entire organization.

Implicit knowledge is the knowledge that emerges from the experience of an individual, group, or organization, over time, through processes of action and daily working realities. Many techniques have been developed to extract implicit expert knowledge, each tailored to the specific circumstances taking into account the type of knowledge, expert knowledge, and characteristics of the environment. Despite extensive research and numerous operational plans to document and extract expert knowledge, many internal and external organizations are challenged with knowledge acquisition. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the aspects and factors affecting the success of knowledge acquisition in the form of fuzzy cognitive mapping to extract and document expert organizational knowledge.

Cognitive mapping, which is a useful method for problem-solving, helps decision-makers to analyze hidden causal relationships and to find the optimal solution. This mapping contains fuzzy graphing structures to illustrate causal arguments. For the purpose of fuzzy cognitive mapping, executive and academic experts in Imam Hossein University were interviewed in the field of knowledge and research.

The results show that factors of knowledge engineering team, selection of techniques and tools for acquiring knowledge, determining the type of knowledge, identifying the required knowledge and affecting organizational factors, respectively, and having the largest causal values, have the greatest impact on the success of organizational knowledge acquisition.

The use of fuzzy cognitive mapping -a soft approach in operational research- is the main innovation of the present research in the subject of expert knowledge acquisition.

Constant changes in today's business environment have made institutions recognize knowledge as their key asset. This study, while considering the importance of knowledge in the range of current organizational activities, seeks to identify the factors that influence knowledge sharing among project managers.  The present study is the result of Phase I of developmental research and Phase II of applied research. In terms of purpose, the first phase is an exploratory research and the second phase is an exploratory research. Also in the first phase is the qualitative type and method of data base theory research and in the second phase is a quantitative research using structural equations. The statistical population of the study is the group of system partners. In the first phase sampling was done by snowball method (targeted sampling) and in the second phase randomly. The sample size is 17 persons in the first phase and 253 in the second phase. The results have been reviewed and reviewed by two professors and some cases have been modified or modified.The research results in the data base of the Foundation lead to the identification of 22 key factors (such as knowledge dispersal as central phenomenon, organizational context order, synergistic configuration, knowledge retesting, maturity-driven and secure knowledge dispersion margins, organizational domain order, configuration time). Increased knowledge re-testing, maturity-driven development and secure margins). Their relationship to and influence on each other was accomplished through theoretical comparison and structural equations and path analysis.

In the era of the knowledge economy, knowledge is known as a critical resource for competitive advantage and to be able to compete organizations, management of knowledge assets has become necessary. However, when knowledge could lead to the improvement of the performance of organizations in the organization to be exchanged. Therefore, the transfer of knowledge as a key element in the process of knowledge management is recognized. Accordingly, the present study the feasibility of tacit knowledge transfer in the enforcement of the Islamic Republic of Iran - Bushehr. In conducting this research, survey research method was used. In order to collect information on this case study, a standard questionnaire was used. In order to analyze the data and verify hypotheses inferential statistics such as t-test (t) is used. The results showed that tacit knowledge transfer between law enforcement organizations, the province can not go there. And how this transition can be considered as subject for future research.

The organizational knowledge is said to be the most valuable capital in any organization today. Organization knowledge is divided into two types of explicit and implicit knowledge, which has the greater share. The important thing is to transform implicit knowledge to explicit knowledge and it is done through knowledge management. Within thirty years of the Islamic Revolution, the Islamic Republic of Iran Army has gained invaluable experience regarding the diversity of threats. This requires generating new knowledge (turning implicit knowledge to explicit knowledge) and its turnover by moving on the knowledge path, considering the emphasis made by the Supreme Leader. One way of using experience as new knowledge and transferring it to the next knowledge is knowledge management in the organization. This can be done through different approaches. This paper will define knowledge management and its approaches and strategies in the first place, and then, will define thought chambers and its special tasks. Finally, this paper claims that the thought chambers, as semi-structural potential along with hierarchical structures of the armed forces, can assist the knowledge management of the IRI Army as one of the key approaches.