جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « آسپرژیلوزیس » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Fungal diseases are increasing in immunocompromised patients. One of the important fungal disseases is Aspergillosis. Few studies have been conducted on the effects of melatonin on fungal diseases. This study was performed to determine the protective effect of melatonin and Amphotericin B in Aspergillosis in rat model. This experimental study was done on 40 Wistar rat with weight ranging from 200 to 250 grams. Animals were allocted in five groups. The first group was positive control (immunocompromised condition with cyclophosphamide and inoclusion of Aspergillus spore). The second groupe was negative control (without drug and inoclusion of Aspergillus spore) and the third group was treated by melatonin (200 μg/kg). The forth group was treated by Amphotericin B and fifth group was treated by melatonin plus Amphotericin B, IL.6 and TNFα were measured in the first and tenth days after contamination. The level of the IL.6 and TNFα in three interventional treated groups significantly reduced in compared to positive control group in first and tenth days (P<0.05). The level of the IL.6 and TNFα in melatonin plus Amphotericin B group significantly reduced in comparison with Amphotericin B and melatonin treated groups in first and tenth days (P<0.05). Melatonin with Amphotericin B increases immune competent system in rats affected with Aspergillosis.

Aspergillus fumigatus is the most frequent species causing invasive aspergillosis (IA); disease that is associated with high mortality in high-risk patients, like immunocompromised or neutropenic cases. Despite the application of antifungal therapy, the incidence of invasive aspergillosis has remarkably increased in recent decades; therefore the studies of the control and prevention of invasive aspergillosis in such patients are highly required.In current review paper, the databases of Pubmed, Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, Elsevier, Irandoc, Iranmedex, Magiran, SID and MEDLIB were search thoroughly. MeSH key words in our searches included the Aspergillus species, invasive aspergillosis, prevention, control, and chemoprophylaxis. The related articles, published during 2000-2014, were extracted and retrospectively studied.As a saprophytic fungi, Aspergillus species are common contaminants of starchy foods and grow in or on many plants and trees. Accordingly, several outbreaks of invasive aspergillosis in immunocompromised patients have been associated with construction and/or renovation activities in around hospitals. Aspergillus species has a worldwide distribution. This probably results from the production of numerous airborne conidia, which easily disperse by air movements and possibly by insects. Therefore early diagnosis, identification and treatments of invasive aspergillosis could be difficult.The immunocompromised patients or cases with underlying lung disorders are highly susceptible to invasive aspergillosis and the presence of Aspergillus in the air is a major risk factor for such patients. Therefore understanding of the pathogenicity, control and treatments of this infection in hospitals, as well as providing insights into prophylaxis, are important issues.

Infection by opportunistic organisms is always critical point of diseases that cause immune deficiency in patients. Necrosis is death of a tissue due to obstruction of its vessels. Atherosclerosis and vascular invasion due to invasive fungus are two causes of necrosis in diabetic patients. This article described a diabetic patient with complain of suddenly pain and unilateral hearing loss that was coming to (ear، nose and throat) ENT center. At the end invasion of aspergillosis to tympanic membrane was confirmed although external otic canal was intact.

Invasive Aspergillosis is a fatal infection in immunocompromised patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interaction of infectious with Aspergillus and tumor on immune response and cytokine network in Aspergillus infected tumor-bearing mice. Mice were implanted by sterile pieces of mouse mammary tumor and then infected by Aspergillus conidia by IV injection. Control groups mice were infected with Aspergillus conidia and/or implanted by sterile funga pieces of mouse mammary tumor. Seven days after Aspergillus infection, cytokine production of extracted splenocytes was analyzed by ELISA method. Tumor bearing mice which were infected with Aspergillus conidia showed remarkable increase in IL-4 production. Conversely, the levels of IFN-γ and IL-10 were decreased and TNF-α was increased moderately. Conclution: Probably, Aspergillus infection could change cytokine production from CD4+ T helper cells and acquired immunity of tumor bearing mice. This point may be considered for better management of Aspergillus-infected patients suffering from cancer.

Background and Ïnvasive aspergillosis (IA) is a serious opportunistic infection caused by various species of Âspergillus in immnucompromissed individuals. Basically, rapid and early diagnosis prevents of ÏÂ progression. Serodiagnosis relies on the detection of circulating antigens produced by Âspergillus species. Galactomannan is one such antigen that can be measured in sera of patients with aspergillosis. From 2009 to 2010, 62 patients with hematologic malignancies and marrow transplant recipients were evaluated for ÏÂ in Sari and Tehran, northern Ïran. Four milliliter blood were collected twice from patient and serum stored at-20 ℃ until examination. Serums were obtained from selected patients and the test was performed using the platelia Âspergillus kit. Galactomannan Âssays were classified as positive when the optical density ratio was >0.5. The female-to-male ratio was 22: 40; the mean age of patients was 32.1 years. Their age ranged from 2 to 74 years. Nineteen cases (30.6%) were diagnosed as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ÂLL), 14 (22.6%) acute myeloid leukemia (ÂML), 11(17.7%) Hodgkin’s lymphoma and other patients had non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalasemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia that received chemotherapy. GM was positive in 13(21%) patients who exhibited clinical signs and host factor of ÏÂ. Âccording to the criteria defined by the Ëuropean Ôrganization for Research and Treatment of Çancer (ËÔRTÇ) for ÏÂ, 5(8%) patient probable and 8(13%) patient possible were stratified into group. Çonclusion: The ËLÏSÂ assay of Galactomannan Âg in serum samples was the most useful of the laboratory tests for the detection of ÏÂ.

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a major opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients. Aspergillus is the main cause of mortality due to infection after transplantation and remains a major complication in hematologic malignancies. Despite considerable progresses in infection management, aspergillosis remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality, mainly after transplantation. During an 11-year period (April 1996 to March 2006), a retrospective study was achieved on 24 patients with aspergillosis in order to identify significant risk factors for invasive aspergillosis. Diagnosis was confirmed by demonstration of fungi in direct preparation and culture techniques. Aspergillosis was more commonly isolated from respiratory tract (75%). Patients had at least one predisposing factor for aspergillosis. Among patients with solid organ transplantation, kidney transplant patients and chronic granulomatos disease were at the higher risk of developing invasive aspergillosis (IA). Major advances in management of invasive fungal infections (IFI) have resulted from our understanding of the risk factors for the development of IFI. However, much remains to be done to decrease mortality due to IFI in high risk patients. A high degree of awareness and efforts for an early diagnosis may improve poor prognosis. This study signifies that clinicians should be alerted of potential fungal etiology in cases of fever, which is unresponsive to conventional medical therapy.