Journal of adolescent and youth psychological studies
Volume:4 Issue: 9, 2023

Diabetes is one of the chronic diseases in the world. Economic growth, development of urban life, change in lifestyle, obesity and weight gain and decrease in activity of people are of special importance in the occurrence of diabetes. The present study was conducted with the aim of the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on dyslexia, concern about body image and negative spontaneous thoughts in patients with diabetes in Gorgan city.

The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with two experimental groups and a control group. The statistical population of this research included female patients aged 20 to 40 with type 2 diabetes who referred to Deziani Diabetes Clinic in Gorgan city in the summer quarter of 2011, their number was about 300. In the following, 30 patients were screened with Bagby et al.'s aphasia questionnaires (1994), Littleton's (2005) body image concerns, and Kendall and Hallon's (1980) negative spontaneous thoughts using purposive sampling as samples. were selected, and were randomly divided into two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. The subjects of the experimental group underwent acceptance and commitment therapy for 8 sessions (one 90-minute session per week for two months), and the control group did not receive any treatment. At the end of the treatment sessions, the subjects of both groups answered the mentioned questionnaires again as a post-test. Data analysis in this research was done using SPSS version 20 statistical software in two descriptive and inferential sections (MANCOVA multivariate covariance analysis test).

The results of data analysis showed that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) reduced Alexithymia and its components (difficulty in recognizing emotions, difficulty in describing emotions, externally oriented thinking), body image concerns and Its components (dissatisfaction and shame of the person with his appearance, interference in social functioning), negative spontaneous thoughts and its components (individual incompatibility and desire to change, negative self-concepts / negative expectations, low self-esteem, helplessness) in the subjects of the experimental group in The post-test stage was done.

It can be concluded that ACT is effective on alexithymia, concern about body image and negative spontaneous thoughts in patients with diabetes

The present research performed to develop a conceptual model of adolescents’ psychological pain based on emotion (positive and negative) factor with the mediating role of emotion regulation for daily activities.

The research method was the structural equations modeling. The statistical society of research included 14-18 years old girls and boys of Tehran city which among them 284 individuals selected as research sample by cluster random sampling method. Due to spread of Covid-19 pandemic, the research data collected by electronic questionnaires in social networks. To data collecting, PANAS (positive and negative affective scale) (Watson, Clark & Talgen, 1988), Orbach and Mikulincer’s “mental pain” questionnaire (Orbach et al, 2003) and Garnefski’s “cognitive emotion regulation” questionnaire (Garnefski et al, 2001) were used and the structural equations method used to data analysis.

The findings showed that indirect effect of positive emotions in psychological pain is equal to -0.20 that by given to t=-3.65, it was significant at 0.05 level. The indirect effect of negative emotions on psychological pain is equal to 0.26 that by given to t=4.81, it was significant at 0.07 level. These indirect effects are taking place via mediation of emotion regulation strategies. Thus, the positive and negative emotions have an indirect effect on adolescents’ psychological pain by mediating of emotions regulation strategies. Also, by given to RMSEA=0.070, it can conclude that the final conceptual model has a good fit.

It can be concluded that the psychological pain of adolescents can be explained based on positive and negative emotions and through the mediation of emotion regulation for daily activities

One type of stress related to learning environments is academic stress, which affects millions of students worldwide annually. This study was conducted to predict the level of academic stress using maladaptive attitudes and self-defeating thoughts with the mediating role of mindfulness in high school students in Torkaman city.

The research method was correlation. The statistical population of the study was all high school students in Torkaman city in the academic year 2020-2021. A sample of 361 students was selected using multi-stage sampling. The research instruments included the Gadzela academic stress questionnaire (1991), the Hollon and Kendall self-defeating thoughts questionnaire (1980), the long version of the Weisman and Beck irrational beliefs scale (1978), and the five-factor mindfulness questionnaire by Baer and colleagues (2006).

The results of the structural equation modeling indicated a direct relationship between maladaptive attitudes and academic stress (β = 0.42, p < 0.001), an indirect relationship between maladaptive attitudes and academic stress through mindfulness (β = -0.17, P < 0.05), a direct relationship between negative self-defeating thoughts and academic stress (β = 0.4, p < 0.001), and an indirect relationship between negative self-defeating thoughts and academic stress through mindfulness (β = -0.14, P < 0.05). Therefore, the research model was confirmed based on significant indices and fit.

This study, by investigating the dimensions of academic stress, negative self-defeating thoughts, and maladaptive attitudes in students, has taken a preliminary step towards creating a psychological therapy model in the future

Couples always face very serious challenges as marital burnout and depression in their married lifein life. These problems can affect different aspects of their lives. The purpose of this study was to effectiveness of emotion-focused couple therapy on decrease of marital burnout and depression of couples.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted with a pretest-posttest design with control group and follow-up 2 month. The statistical population of this research was all the couples who referred to counseling centers and psychological services in Kermanshah city in 2021. In the first stage, using convenience sampling method, 30 couples were selected and then randomly divided into 1 experimental group (15 couples) and 1 control group (15 couples) were replaced and experimental group underwent emotion-focused couple therapy (10 sessions 90 minutes), but the control group received no training and remained in the waiting list. To collect data marital burnout questionnaire of Pines (2003) and depression inventory (BDI-II) of Beck and et al (1996). Data analysis was performed using SPSS-24 software in two sections: descriptive and inferential (analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni).

The results of the study showed that of emotion-focused couple therapy in post-test and follow up had a significant effect on decrease of marital burnout and depression of couples (P<0.05).

Based on the results of the present study, it can be said that emotion-focused couple therapy can be used as a treatment method to on decrease of marital burnout and depression of couples in counseling centers and family psychological services

Academic engagement is one of the key factors affecting student success and one of the most important indicators of the quality and progress of education. With the spread of virtual education, the quality of family performance has been considered as an important element in the academic engagement of students. Based on this, the aim of this research is to determine the role of family communication patterns in the academic engagement of students in online classes.

This research is descriptive research of the post-event type. The statistical population of the research included all second-grade high school students in Tehran in 2020-21, and 400 of them were selected using available sampling method. Then, in order to obtain research data, the questionnaires of family communication patterns of Fitzpatrick and Ritchie (1997) and academic involvement of Reeve and Tseng (2011) were used. Data analysis was done using one-way and multivariate analysis of variance with the help of SPSS.26 software.

The findings confirmed the role of family communication patterns in the academic engagement of students in online classes. The level of academic conflict in students from families with consensual and pluralistic communication patterns was higher than the level of academic conflict among students from families with protective and unrestricted communication patterns (P<0.001). The average scores of students' academic engagement in families with agreeable and pluralistic communication patterns did not have a significant difference from each other. Also, there was no significant difference between students in families with unrestricted and protective communication patterns in terms of academic engagement.

It can be concluded that family communication patterns are effective in increasing the academic engagement of students in online classes and it is possible to improve the academic engagement of students by modifying the communication patterns of families.

Every year we face a significant increase in juvenile delinquency in many countries and Iran, which has negative psychological consequences for this group; Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between emotional regulation and anger control skills and self-esteem of adolescents in Tehran Correctional Center.

This research was a descriptive-correlational study. The population of this study consisted of all adolescents of the Rehabilitation and Training Center of Tehran in 1607 in 2018. Of these, 113 were selected by simple random sampling. To collect data, emotional regulation, anger control and self-efficacy were used. Data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis with Spss.22 software.

The findings showed that with an increase in the mean (SD) of emotional regulation, the anger control skill decreases (r=0.27, P<0.001) and with an increase in emotional regulation, the mean of self-esteem increases (r=0.25, P<0.001). The results of multiple linear regression analysis using simultaneous method showed that the multiple linear regression coefficient for emotional regulation and predictive variables are significant (p<0.01, F(2,197)=11.697, R2=0.11, R=0.33).

The study showed that with increased emotional regulation with anger control skill and self-efficacy in adolescents, the correctional center of Tehran is related. Therefore, emotional regulation in adolescents is an important psychological construct in anger control skill and self-efficacy.

Type 2 diabetes, which is the most common type of this disease, is caused by the inefficiency of the body regarding the proper use of insulin, and this disease can affect the quality of life of affected patients due to its chronic nature. The present study was conducted with the aim of providing a health-related quality of life model for type 2 diabetes patients based on disease perception and demographic characteristics with the mediating role of self-care behaviors.

The method of this study was correlation type. The statistical population of this study was all patients with type 2 diabetes who had visited the hospitals of Tonkabon and Ramsar cities within a six-month interval. 350 patients were selected by available sampling method. The data were obtained using the health-related quality of life questionnaire (Baroghs et al., 2004), the illness perception questionnaire (Weinman et al., 1996), the self-care behavior questionnaire (Tobert et al., 2000) and the demographic characteristics questionnaire. Came. Data analysis was done by structural equation method and using SmartPLS and SPSS software.

The results showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between the perception of the disease and the quality of life related to the patients' health (P<0.01). There is a positive and significant relationship between self-care behaviors and quality of life related to patients' health (P<0.01). There is a significant relationship between demographic characteristics and quality of life related to patients' health (P<0.01).

As a result, the quality of life model related to the health of patients with type 2 diabetes based on the perception of the disease and demographic characteristics is suitable for the mediating role of self-care behaviors. Since the quality of life is considered an important health outcome, it is recommended to be considered as a main issue in the care of patients with diabetes.

One of the major problems of adolescents who are involved in oppositional defiant disorder is anxiety; Anxiety, with a prevalence of about 2-5%, means severe and extreme fear of situations where there is a possibility of analyzing a person's behavior and fear of his negative evaluation in social situations; Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotion-oriented therapy on the symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder and anxiety symptoms of adolescent boys with oppositional defiant disorder.

In terms of purpose, the current research was of applied type and the method of conducting it was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with an experimental group and a control group and a two-month follow-up period. Therefore, the statistical population of the study included all male children who referred to a private counseling center in the 11th district of Tehran due to the symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder. 30 people were selected by available sampling and randomly assigned to an experimental group (15 people) and a control group (15 people). Then, the emotion-oriented treatment package taken from Greenberg and Geller (2012) was implemented on the experimental group. In order to collect the data, the research tool included the Achenbach Adolescent Behavioral Problems Scale (YSR) and the Anxiety Questionnaire (SAS). The subjects of both groups completed the questionnaires at the beginning of the research, and then the experimental group received emotional therapy, while the control group did not receive any intervention. In the descriptive part, frequency distribution tables were used, and in the inferential part of data analysis, mixed variance analysis with repeated measurements and Bonferroni's post-hoc test and SPSS software version 26 were used.

The F-value and the significance level of the obtained value were calculated in the variables of symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder (F = 8.21 and P = 0.004) and anxiety (F = 8.09 and P = 0.004). Therefore, it can be concluded that the intervention used in this research, that is, emotion-oriented therapy as an independent variable, significantly caused changes in the dependent variables (symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder and anxiety). This means that the changes made in the dependent variables were caused by the implementation of emotional therapy. Moreover, the results of the post-hoc test indicated the stability of the effectiveness of emotion-oriented therapy on the research variables.

Based on the available findings, it can be concluded that emotion-oriented therapy can be useful for the treatment of those suffering from the symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder and reducing their anxiety.

In addition to the direct effect on the body, substance abuse causes psychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, social and economic pressures. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between obsession and addiction relapse with the mediation of sensation seeking in self-reported addicts.

The current research design was descriptive and correlational research design of the structural equation model type. The statistical population of the present study was all the methamphetamine addicted patients who were in the process of withdrawal who referred to the substance abuse treatment centers of Tehran city in 2022, out of which 250 people were selected by available sampling method. And they responded to Wright's (1993) Addiction Recurrence Questionnaire, Hodgson and Rachman's (1977) Thought-Practice Obsession and Marvin Zuckerman's (1978) Sensation Seeking Questionnaires. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling method and Lisrel 8.80 software.

The results showed that there is a statistically significant relationship between obsessive thoughts, excitement seeking and addiction relapse (P<0.01). Also, sensation seeking plays a mediating role in the relationship between obsessive thoughts and addiction relapse (P<0.01).

It can be concluded that sensation seeking plays a mediating role in the relationship between obsessive thoughts and addiction relapse.

It seems that one of the important factors affecting the dark dimensions of personality is brain-behavioral systems and dimensions of temperament and character, so the purpose of the present study is the relationship between brain-behavioral systems and temperament and character with dark dimensions of personality in students.

The design of this research was a correlation method in terms of applied purpose and in terms of controlling variables. The statistical population of the study was all male and female students of national, free and non-profit universities of Tabriz in the academic year 2021. From this population, 450 people were selected by cluster random sampling and studied. The questionnaire of dark personality traits, brain-behavioral systems and temperament was used to collect data. Data has been analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation methods.

The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between behavioral activation system and dark dimensions of personality. There is also a significant negative relationship between behavioral deterrence system and war and escape with the dark dimensions of personality. On the other hand, innovation, self-avoidance, reward of dependence and self-escape with the dark dimensions of personality have a positive relationship and there is a negative and significant relationship between perseverance, self-direction and cooperation with the dark dimensions of personality. On the other hand, the results of path analysis showed that the variables of behavioral activation system and behavioral inhibition play a mediating role between temperament and character with dark personality traits.

The results of this research show that paying attention to the variables of behavioral brain systems and temperament and character play an important role in the dark dimensions of personality.

The experience of bereavement has a significant impact on teenagers' views on life and their behavioral problems. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of quality of life training and self-compassion training on the meaning of life, self-worth and impulsivity of teenagers who mourned the death of their parents due to Corona.

Among teenagers whose parents died due to corona disease, 36 teenagers were selected and randomly placed in three groups. In the pre-test, all members of the research sample completed the self-esteem questionnaires of Crocker et al. (2003), grief experience by Barrett and Scott (1989) and impulsivity by Barrett (1959). 12 training sessions were held for the members of the experimental groups. In the post-test, all members of the research sample completed the questionnaires again. The data were analyzed using multivariate covariance.

The results showed that the provided interventions had a significant effect on improving the level of impulsivity, self-worth and the meaning of life of teenagers in the experimental group compared to the members of the control group. Also, by conducting follow-up tests, it has been determined that there is no significant difference between the effectiveness of the provided interventions in improving the research variables.

These findings indicate the importance of paying attention to the cognitive and emotional structure of adolescents involved in the mourning process. Since teenagers face challenges in the process of facing life's challenges, they face challenges in their entire cognitive system towards life, the treatments that deal with reframing the mental structure of people regarding concepts such as the meaning of life, for this Teenagers seem useful.

Borderline personality disorder is specifically separated from other mental disorders by its emphasis on successful suicide, non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors, and suicidal behavior as a diagnostic criterion. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop a model for suicide tendency in individuals with borderline personality disorder based on perceived burdensomeness and acquired capability for suicide through the use of deceitful documents.

The research method was of correlation type with structural relationship path analysis plan, or modeling. The statistical population of the current study included all female and male adults aged 18 to 40 who referred to the psychiatric department of hospitals and psychiatric offices in Tehran during the year 2021, who received a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder and had a history of attempted suicide, suicidal tendencies, and There were suicidal thoughts. Sample get the method It was done purposefully through the screening of patients. The sample size was equal to 500 people, which was chosen according to Kline's theory to design structural equations. In this research, Beck's (1961) suicidal ideation questionnaires, suicidal behavior capacity (revised) by Osman et al. (2001), and Patterson et al.'s (1981) documentary styles and perceived burden with Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ) were measured. Data analysis in SPSS software AMOS It was done using the structural equation modeling method.

The results showed that the proposed research model had an acceptable fit. Therefore, the research model based on modeling the relationship between perceived burden and the acquired capacity of suicide with the desire to commit suicide through pessimistic attribution style was confirmed by using structural equation analysis. Also, the secondary results showed that there is a significant correlation between the predictor variables of the research with the tendency to commit suicide. In this way, the effect of perceived burden and acquired capacity of suicide with pessimistic attribution style was 0.25 and 0.30 respectively, which increased to 0.46 due to the facilitating role of pessimistic attribution style.

Based on this, it can be concluded that the positive effect of the perceived burden and the acquired capacity of suicide on the desire to commit suicide is increased and facilitated by the style of pessimistic attributions. According to this result, the mediating role of pessimistic attributional style to facilitate the positive effect of predictor variables (perceived burden, and acquired suicidal capacity) on suicidal tendency in patients with borderline personality disorder was confirmed. This result indicates the possibility of combining Abramson's cognitive theory and Joyner's interpersonal relationships in explaining suicidal tendencies.

women heads of poor households are one of the vulnerable groups of society, and due to the increasing growth of their numbers in recent years, how to deal with various issues affecting their lives has become an important challenge in Iran. Therefore, empowering this group to participate in various jobs is very important. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of entrepreneurship on the empowerment of female heads of households in Dezful city.

The current research method is descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of the research was all women heads of households in Dezful city who had entered the empowerment and entrepreneurship plan in Dezful welfare organization during the years 2006 to 2021. This community included 44 households, all of which (all census) were selected as sampling. In order to collect the investigated data, questionnaires of culture and economic and social factors affecting women's entrepreneurship were used by Beech (2007) and empowerment of women by Gupta and Srivatava (2011). The resulting data were analyzed by statistical methods (multiple correlation analysis).

The research findings showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between entrepreneurship and women's empowerment. The correlation coefficient of two variables was (R=0.52) and the significance level was (P<0.000). Also, the multivariable regression results showed that the entrepreneurship variable has the ability to predict the women's empowerment variable. The determination coefficient of two variables was (R2=0.36) and the significance level was (P<0.000).

Based on this, it can be concluded that by creating targeted programs and entrepreneurship trainings, we can have a great help in order to improve the empowerment of women heads of households.

Considering the complexity and importance of borderline personality disorder as well as the relatively high prevalence rate of this disorder in the society, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of emotion-oriented therapy on the treatment of patients with borderline personality disorder.

The method of this quasi-experimental research and the design used to examine the hypotheses in this research was a pre-test-post-test design with an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population of this research was made up of all people with borderline personality disorder who visited two counseling centers in one area of Tehran in 2020. 30 people with borderline personality disorder were selected by purposive sampling method and then these people were placed in two groups of 15 people (emotional treatment experimental group and control group) by matching method. The experimental group received 12 sessions of 120 minutes on a weekly basis and the control group did not receive the treatment. The tool for collecting information in this research was the borderline personality questionnaire (Leichsenring, 1999). Due to the quantitative nature of the research, data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics methods (analysis of covariance test).

The findings showed that the observed F value for the borderline personality and its dimensions in the adjusted model (by adjusting the pre-test effect) for the whole scale, identity confusion, primary defense mechanism, reality testing, fear of intimacy and borderline personality respectively, is equal to: 33.275, 8.123, 7.902, 10.025 and 72.865. Moreover, its significance level (sig) is equal to 0.000, which indicates the existence of a significant difference between the post-test score in the experimental group and the control group, so the main effect of the group variable is significant, which means that emotion-oriented treatment is effective in the treatment of patients with borderline personality.

Therefore, it can be concluded that emotion-oriented therapy can be a useful method for treating patients with borderline personality disorders, so it is suggested that specialists benefit from it in their work

The family, as the first center of common life and socialization of children, will be effective in the occurrence of many social harms in case of disorder and critical relations between members. The present study was conducted with the aim of studying the effect of generation gap on the occurrence of running away from home among the youth of Tehran.

This research is descriptive analytical research and in terms of method, it is quantitative and survey type, taking into account the cross-sectional time criterion. The statistical population includes families with children aged 10 to 19 years old in Tehran city, who were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling in a period of nine months according to the families living in areas two, nine and sixteen using the Cochran formula, 324 people. The tool is a researcher-made questionnaire and an interview, which was used to determine the validity of the questionnaire using the face validity method, Cronbach's alpha method was used to calculate the reliability, and SPSS software were used to analyze the data.

The findings showed that the generation gap has a significant and direct relationship in the occurrence of running away from home among the youth of Tehran (T=3.51). Also, a statistically significant difference was observed between the two different age groups of 14-10 and 19-15 years old in terms of average social damage (p = 0.001).

According to the results, it can be said that training parents in order to increase the ability to establish a relationship with their children, especially in the face of generational differences, can be a very important step in preventing the emergence of many deviations and social harms. For this reason, it is very necessary to raise the level of awareness in families in order to improve the mentioned process.

One of the major challenges of managers at different levels of the organization is how to create a suitable platform for employees so that they can perform their duties properly with responsibility and a sense of commitment, have the ability to adapt and adapt to the environment and enjoy their work and life. The main goal of this study was to investigate the Effectiveness of Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction training on increasing of emotional intelligence, job satisfaction and mental health of a petrochemical employees.

The research method of this study was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test type with a control group, and the statistical population of this research was consisted off all employees who referred to the occupational health center of this Petrochemical company in June 2022. Among a statistical sample of 200 male volunteers who referred to this center, those their GHQ-28 score were one standard deviation above the cutoff point, 40 individuals were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly divided them to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group underwent eight sessions of 90-minute mindfulness-based stress reduction training (Kabat Zain, 2003), but the control group did not receive any training. The research instruments were the emotional intelligence questionnaire (Bradbury & Greaves, 2005), the general health questionnaire (Goldberg & Hillier, 1978) and the Minnesota job satisfaction questionnaire (Weiss, Davis, England, and Lafquist, 1977). SPSS-24 was used for statistical analysis of data.

The results of multivariate covariance analysis showed that mindfulness-based stress reduction training is effective on emotional intelligence, mental health, and job satisfaction. Also, the results indicated that mindfulness-based stress reduction training was also effective on the subscales of emotional intelligence and mental health.

Therefore, it can be concluded that stress reduction training based on mindfulness can be used to increase emotional intelligence, mental health and job satisfaction of employees in industrial companies.