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The present research explores preparing and characterizing silk fibroin electrospun nanofibers on cotton gauze bandages to form a novel silk-gauze nanocomposite. The presence of the extracted silk fibroin on the cotton substrate surface was demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (ATR-FTIR), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and K/S values.  The SEM images of cotton samples revealed the deposition of silk fibroin from silk fiber on the substrate surface. The dyed silk-gauze nanocomposite wound dressing presented significantly higher color strength than an uncoated gauze bandage. The physical properties of nanocomposite samples, i.e., porosity, tensile strength, bending characterizations, air permeability, and water uptake, were measured. The changes in the secondary structure of silk fibroin, morphology, crystallinity, hydrophilicity as well as cytotoxicity of nanocomposites were analyzed before and after undergoing treatments with ethanol and methanol. The results demonstrated a decrease in water uptake and porosity values and a slight increment in tensile strength and bending characterization of the treated nanocomposite samples compared to the untreated samples. MTT assay as an indirect cytotoxicity method showed cytocompatibility of the silk-gauze nanocomposite wound dressing. The indirect cytotoxicity results showed that samples treated with ethanol demonstrated no cytotoxicity on the L929 cancer cell line.

A quantitative study of groundwater resources and accurate monitoring of changes over time, especially in areas facing limited water resources, is considered essential for proper management and sustainable exploitation of these resources. Golestan province, one of the semi-arid provinces of Iran has faced a drop in the groundwater level and an increase in the salinity of the groundwater due to the excessive withdrawals from the groundwater table and the reduction of atmospheric precipitation in the past few years. Gorgan Plain with an area of about 4727 square kilometers is one of the largest plains in Iran and the most important plain of Golestan province in terms of water supply for agricultural and drinking purposes. In this plain, there is a network of piezometers and observation wells that include continuous monthly measurements for more than 30 years. The objective of this research was to investigate the changes in the groundwater level of shallow (30 years (1989-2018)) and deep (22 years (1997-2018)) wells. The Man-Kendall method was used to reveal the trend and Pettitt, Normal Standard, and Buishand methods were used to identify sudden change points in a time series of groundwater levels in 49 shallow wells and 12 deep wells. The results of this research showed that the groundwater level in most of the studied wells had a significantly decreasing trend at a significant level of 5%. Also, the largest amount of groundwater loss was in the southern and southwestern parts of the plain, which can be attributed to a large amount of water taken from the wells due to their proximity to urban areas and some local conditions such as the proximity of the wells of this area are located in altitudes and at the entrance border of the aquifer. In the same way, as it rises, the fall decreases in the middle of the plain, and the amount of fall decreases in the northern areas and the edge of the Caspian Sea. It can be related to the proximity to the Caspian Sea and the high water table, and as a result, the inappropriate quality of water and land (high salinity and low fertility), which has caused the water withdrawal from this area to be less.

Periodontal diseases and dental caries are common causes of tooth loss in developing countries such as Iran. Health literacy is one of the factors involved in promoting oral health and in the meantime, mothers have an important role in ensuring the oral health of their children.Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of family-centered empowerment model on oral health literacy of primary school mothers.

This semi-experimental study was conducted with the participation of 60 mothers with primary school children. 4 sessions of the program according to the stages of the empowerment model based on needs assessment were used in the test group during one month. After the end of the intervention and one month after the implementation of the program, the oral health literacy tool was given to the test and control group again and completed. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 software and independent t, Mann-Whitney, Fisher's exact and chi-square statistical tests.

The two groups were homogeneous in terms of demographic variables. Before the intervention, the mean score of health literacy in the two groups was not significantly different (p<0.05), but after the intervention, the mean score of reading comprehension, number comprehension, listening, and decision making in the intervention group was significantly higher than the intervention group. It was control. (P<0.05).

Education based on the family-centered empowerment model increased the oral health literacy of mothers of primary school children.

Due to the growing demand in the electricity sector and the shift to the operation of renewable sources, the use of solar arrays has been at the forefront of consumers' interests. In the meantime, since the production capacity of each solar cell is limited, in order to increase the production capacity of photovoltaic (PV) arrays, several cells are arranged in parallel or in series to form a panel in order to obtain the expected power. Short circuit (SC) and open circuit (OC) faults in the solar PV systems are the main factors that reduce the amount of solar power generation, which has different types. Partial shadow, cable rot, un-achieved maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and ground faults are some of these malfunctions that should be detected and located as soon as possible. Therefore, effective fault detection strategy is very essential to maintain the proper performance of PV systems to minimize network interruptions. The detection method must also be able to detect, locate and differentiate between SC and OC modules in irradiated PV arrays and non-uniform temperature distributions. In this paper, based on artificial intelligence (AI) and neural networks (NN), neutrons can be utilized, as they have been trained in machine learning process, to detect various types of faults in PV networks. The proposed technique is faster than other artificial neural networks (ANN) methods, since it uses an additional hidden layer that can also increase processing accuracy. The output results prove the superiority of this claim.

In the present study, the polyester-viscose fabric was dyed with dispersed dye and then reactive dye in the presence of β-cyclodextrin. The object of this study was to investigate the effect of β-cyclodextrin as an auxiliary and substitute for a commonly commercial dispersing agent on the dye-reactive dyeing of polyester-viscose fabric and its properties. Color strength was evaluated using tristimulus colorimetry. The results showed that β-cyclodextrin could be used satisfactorily as an additive in the dispersed dyebath without adding other auxiliaries. Also, the use of β -cyclodextrin, in comparison with the dispersing agent, improves the color strength of the samples (K/S) without loss in dyeing quality as dyeing uniformity and the fastness properties such as washing, light, and rubbing fastness.

Trend analysis of stream flow provides practical information for better management of water resources on the eve of climate change. Therefore, the present study investigated river flow variations during three decades as well as projections of future discharge in the Gorganrood watershed. The Man-Kendall method has been used to detect the trend and methods of Pettitt, SNHT, and Buishand to identify points of a sudden change in discharge time series in 8 stations of Aq Qala, Galikesh, Gonbad, Haji Ghoshan, Nodeh, Ramyan, Sadgorgan, and Tamar. The Mann-Kendall trend test showed the existence of a significant negative trend (flow reduction) on a daily and annual scale in all stations. Monthly, the strongest negative trend in Aq Qala, Galikesh, Gonbad, Haji Ghoshan, and Ramyan stations was related to July, but in Nodeh and Tamar stations, it was related to August and February, respectively. A decreasing trend was observed in all stations on a seasonal scale, but this trend was not significant in some seasons. The results of the analysis of change points in discharge showed that the change points in the data used in this study are more of a decreasing and in some cases incremental type and some stations, no change points have been identified at all. Therefore, the number of decreasing changes in the studied hydrometric stations is significantly higher than the incremental changes and is more visible from 1993 to 1997 and 2005-2007 in three and four stations, respectively. Also, the most incremental changes among the stations are related to the Aq Qala station in 2017 with a flow rate of 234 cubic meters per second. Investigation of the flow of the basin in the past decades showed significant monotonic and abrupt changes which are mostly toward decreasing the basin’s discharge. The downward trend in discharge values at different time scales for all hydrometric stations of the Gorganrood watershed, which will be more severe in the future due to global climate change, and increasing the region's water needs for various future use due to population growth and the expansion of industries can also be considered as a serious warning for policymakers, planners, and local managers to prevent a possible water crisis in the region in the future with proper planning.

In order to evaluate the growth indices of sugarcane in different irrigation systems, weed control treatments and correlative associations with quantitative and qualitative traits of sugarcane, an experiment was conducted as split plot based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in 2020 at Sugarcane Development Research and Training Institute of Khuzestan, Ahwaz, Iran. The five irrigation systems were surface irrigation, subsurface irrigation with a flow rate of 2.3 L/hour, subsurface irrigation with a flow rate of 3.6 L/hour, sprinkler irrigation and furrow or conventional irrigation as the main plot and weed control treatments were (weed interference (no weeds control) throughout the season (Weedy treatment), weed control in total period of season (weed free treatment) and cultivation (twice) as the subplot. The highest crop growth rate (CGR), dry matter and height were observed in sprinkler and subsurface irrigation with a flow rate of 3.6 L/hour and the lowest in furrow irrigation. Growing degree day (GDD) required to reach 50% of dry matter were determined for sprinkler irrigation (1894), subsurface irrigation with flow rate of 3.6 L/hour (1762), subsurface irrigation with flow rate of 2.3 L/hour (1538), surface irrigation (1494) and furrow irrigation (1474 degrees of growth day). Also, growth indices in weedy treatment was lower than the both treatments weed free and cultivation. Correlation analyses indicated that sugarcane quality traits were not closely associated with growth indices and sugarcane quantitative traits. However, a positive correlation was observed between quantitative traits of sugarcane such as height, internode length, number of internodes, cane yield, sugar yield, dry matter and crop growth rate and a negative correlation was observed between cane yield with stem diameter and weeds biomass. According to the results, both systems of sprinkler irrigation and subsurface irrigation with a flow rate of 3.6 L/hour seem to be suitable for sugarcane production in Khuzestan in the first ratoon.

In order to evaluate the effect of different planting seedbeds (stale and false) and application of Oxyfluorfen herbicide on yield, yield components and control of garlic weeds, a split-plot experiment was conducted based on a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in the cropping year 2020-2021 at Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan. The main plot consisted of different planting seedbeds: Conventional seedbed (without irrigation using plow and disc); stale seedbed (using Paraquat herbicide); stale seedbed (using Glyphosate herbicide); false seedbed (using flame application) and false seedbed (with manual cultivation). Different dosages of Oxyfluorfen herbicide (0, 1, 1.5 and 2 L/ha as split dosage) were considered as subplots. The highest total dry weight of weeds (231 g/m2) was observed in the presence of conventional seedbed treatment and non-application of herbicide. The lowest dry weight of weeds was observed in the presence of stale seedbed with glyphosate and application of 2 L/ha of Oxyfluorfen herbicide. The highest bulb yield of garlic (580 g/m2) was achieved in the presence of glyphosate seedbeds with application of herbicide at 1.5 L/ha and the lowest bulb yield (91.2 g/m2) was observed in the presence of conventional seedbed and non-application of herbicide. In conclusion, application of 2 L/ha herbicide in split doses was recommended.

Narcissus is a member of the Amaryllidaceae family. This specie is very important in the world as an ornamental plant. In order to study the diversity between narcissus genotypes, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized block design with 13 genotypes and 4 replications at Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan. In this study, effective indicators on cut flower quality include: number of flowers, stem height, stem and flowers weight, solution uptake, visual quality, chlorophyll of leaf, florets proline, soluble carbohydrates of florets, total phenols of florets, malondialdehyde content of florets, protein, activity of peroxidase and catalase enzymes activities were measured. The results showed that based on the cluster analysis of physiological data, genotypes were divided into two main groups. The first group included the genotypes of Kazerun, Behbahan, Jahrom, Ilam, Shiraz and Kerman. In this group, important traits such as total chlorophyll, solution absorption and total phenol had the highest amount. The second group was divided into two subgroups. Subgroup A included Khosf, Ghaemshahr and Khorramabad genotypes and subgroup B included Ahvaz, Abdanan, Gachsaran and Mehran. Subgroup A, traits such as proline content, malondia aldehyde, antioxidant enzymes peroxidase and catalase were effective factors in this group. Subgroup B had the highest total protein and soluble carbohydrate properties. It was found that the populations of Ahvaz, Abdanan, Gachsaran and Mehran, having the highest amount of total protein and soluble carbohydrates at the end of the experiment, and the content of proline, malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzymes peroxidase and catalase were at a low level, after 10 days, therefore, they introduced as superior populations for cut flowers. In general, the study showed that there is a high morphophysiological diversity in the native genus of narcissus, which can be the result of very different climatic diversity in Iran, as well as mutation and sexual reproduction by seeds in this plant. In general, understanding such a high diversity is useful in the management and protection of the germplasm of this plant and helps the breeder in determining the strategies of exploitation, breeding and domestication and cultivation of this plant.

Salt stress is a major agro-environmental constraint on crop productivity. In this study, the effect of different levels of salinity stress (0,25,50,75, and 100mM NaCl) on the accumulation of some ions in two salt-tolerant and susceptible onion cultivars (Esfahan and Behbahan cultivars, respectively) was investigated in 2017. The research was done by a factorial experiment based on a completely randomized design with three replications. The results showed that salinity increased Na and Cl contents and also decreased K content in the leaf and root in both cultivars. However, Na and Cl contents in the leaf and root of the susceptible cultivar were significantly higher than those in the tolerant cultivar, while the K value was less. In both cultivars, the Cl content in the leaf and root decreased with increasing salinity. However, the amount of Ca in the tolerant cultivar was higher than that in the leaves and roots of the susceptible cultivar. Salinity only significantly reduced Mg in the leaves. The amount of phosphate decreased at low salinity levels and increased as salinity increased. Yield injury index was in significantly negative correlation with K,Ca, K/Na, and Ca/Na ratios and in significantly positive correlation with Na and Cl in the leaves and roots. The results indicated the salt-tolerant cultivar plays a role in reducing the Na and Cl uptake, as well as increasing the absorption and transfer of K and Ca to the leaves. Therefore, it could cause low yield injury under the salinity conditions compared with the susceptible cultivar.

Severe hemorrhage is the leading cause of death in comilitary and civilian trauma. Approximately half of road crash fatalities occur due to severe hemorrhage before hospital arrival. In severe cases of bleeding, the use of agents that accelerate blood coagulation (hemostatic agents) is required. The aim of this study was to review on the hemostatic agents and products, from research to commercial stages, and categorizing them based on the physiology of hemostasis. Moreover, the applications and adverse effects of each category have been reviewed and compared; it can be an important step towards optimal clinical application of products and novel original reasearch design continuing the previous studies.

Literature search was conducted in scientific databases of PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, SID, Magiran and IranMedex without filtering release date, by combining related keywords including hemostatic agents, bleeding, dressings and trauma. The abstracts were screened by two reaserchers independently to select the appropriate studies.

In this study, according to the basics of blood coagulation, the hemostatic agents and products were classified into five groups based on the mechanism of action including: (1) coagulants and procoagulants, (2) the concentrators of coagvlant factors, (3) mechanical cougulaton substrates, (4) physiologic coagulants and (5) chemical coagulants. The mechanism of action, applications, and side effects have been compared in each category.

Each hemostatic product can be more effective in special situations, in military and civilian trauma, due to their potency and mechanisms of action.

Due to its variety of attractions, Jahan Nama forest park is one of the essential tourist attractions in the Alborz Province, Iran. Therefore, studying recreational value can support prediction of the requirements and shortages, which leads to tourism development. This study aimed at determining the recreational value of Jahan Nama forest park and visitors´ willingness to pay by using a conditional valuation method and a two-dimensional dual choice questionnaire. The statistical sample consisted of 350 forest park visitors who were selected based on available sampling method. The logit model was used to investigate the effect of explanatory variables on the rate of visitors' willingness to pay. The results showed 74.9% of the respondents were willing to pay for recreational use of the forest park, with an average willingness to pay of 15,781.6 IRR for recreational values per visit. The total annual recreational value was estimated to be 10,258,040,000 IRR. The variables of the proposed rate of payment, age and the cost of transportation per visit were negatively affective, whereas park quality, marital status, duration of reading per week, environmental attitude, education, income and gender, had a positive effect on willingness to pay were positively influential. The results showed that people are aware of the importance of forest parks and natural environments, with a significant willingness to pay that can support officials in forest park planning and management.

Exercise is one way to treat addiction. The aim of this study was to determine the improvement of spatial memory impairment following voluntary exercise in morphine-dependent rats.

In this experimental study, the sample rats received morphine (10 mg/kg) twice a day, 12 hours subcutaneously, at the same time as 10 days of running. All rats were then trained for 5 consecutive days and twice daily in the Mauritius water maze. Analysis of variance and Tukey’s test were used to analyze the data.

Comparison between groups showed that morphine-dependent and athletic control groups spent significantly more time in the target area than morphine-dependent and non-exercised control groups (respectively p=0.04 and p=0.0001) and this indicates that exercise improved spatial memory recall.

Voluntary exercise might be considered as a potential method to ameliorate some of the deleterious behavioral consequences of morphine abuse.

Leadership has not always shown its nice face; rather, in some cases, it has exhibited the dark part such as the authoritarian leadership and Machiavellian leadership which could negatively affects the organization and its performance. Therefore, the purpose of current study is to explain the mediating role of authoritarian leadership and organizational cynicism in the relationship between Machiavellian leadership and employees’ deviant behavior.

This research is descriptive–correlation study. The statistical population of the study consisted of the employees of one of the governmental organization of Shiraz, a total of 127 subjects were selected by random sampling as a statistical sample. The instruments for data collection were questionnaire. To analyze the collected data, vertical factor analysis and structural equation modeling and smart PLS software were used.

Based on the results of the study, it was found that Machiavellian leadership has a positive and significant relationship with authoritarian leadership, organizational cynicism, and deviant behavior. Results also show authoritarian leadership has a positive and significant relationship with organizational cynicism, but its relationship with deviant behavior is not confirmed. It was also shown that organizational cynicism has a positive and significant relationship with incidence of deviant behavior. Finally, the role of mediator of organizational cynicism in the relationship between Machiavellian leadership and deviant behavior was confirmed, and also the mediator role of the authoritarian leadership in the relationship between Machiavellian leadership and deviant behavior was rejected.

In this research, it has been shown that in parallel with the increase of the Machiavellian level of leaders, the rate of authoritarian leadership, organizational cynicism and deviant behavior would also increase. Meanwhile, organizational cynicism, unlike the authoritarian leadership, would increases the intensity of the relationship between Machiavellian leadership and deviant behavior.

The lack of accountability of government organizations to address the needs of stakeholders and the private sector and the provision of low-quality services to clients has increased dissatisfaction with government services. Therefore, providing quality services is essential to increase satisfaction with government organizations. Extension services are one of the main components of sustainable agriculture development in Iran and are provided to farmers through the Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO). Considering the low level of farmerschr('39') satisfaction with extension services, development of a system for assessing farmerschr('39') satisfaction as a strategic project has been emphasized. This study was conducted to develop the components of farmerschr('39') satisfaction with extension services and determine the factors affecting their satisfaction, in 2019. In this study, the classic Delphi method was used during three rounds. The expert panel consisted of nine university faculty members, 14 faculty members of AREEO, and 19 headquarters extension experts (n= 42). Delphi results led to the selection of 37 components to assess the satisfaction of farmers with the extension services. These components were classified using the constant comparative method in four main factors. These factors include technical and professional features of the extension experts, service quality, perceived effectiveness, and policy, management, and planning.

Due to the growing trend of overweight and obesity in the employees, and since training is one of the major principles of human resource development and preparedness, this research is conducted to determine the effects of exercise and diet training based on training booklets and virtual networks on the body mass index in the employees. This research was a semi-experimental interventional study with 135 male employees working at petrochemical centers, southern Iran. To this end, they were divided randomly into the three groups of the training booklet, virtual networks, and control. A demographic questionnaire containing 10 items for personal and work characteristics, along with the measurements of height, weight, and BMI was obtained from all samples. In the group of the training booklet, five instruction booklets with contents on appropriate nutrition and physical activities were provided; the group of virtual networks received 48 educational messages, and the control group received no intervention. Data were analyzed by the Chi-square test, the paired t-test, and ANOVA. The results showed that there were not any significant differences between the three groups before and after the training in demographic variables and the body mass index (p<0.05). The mean of BMI decreased in all educational groups, but it was significant only in the virtual network group (p<0.05). The results also showed that exercise and diet trainings before and after the training intervention were not significant in any of the groups (p<0.05). The results of this study showed that exercise and diet training on telegram could be done cautiously due to the characteristics of the target society; this method is recommended for reducing the body mass index of the employees, with the application of which recommended for the weight control of the employees.

Introduction and purpose:

In recent decades, organizing analysis of Damaged Area rural zones due to utilization of internal capacities in development planning has been the subject of scientific and practical studies and the key stage of restoration of this old rural Damaged Area is formulation the procedure and taking appropriate approach in renovation and restoration. This research purpose is examined and study about necessity of formulate of appropriate model for renovation and restoration of worn and old rural areas to achieve sustainable development.

In this research for making intervention pattern and approach at rural Damaged Area and old zones border, after analyzing and recognizing present situation of case study limited area by using of Cochran formula 324  questionnaire was filled and The analysis was performed through the SWOT matrix, position of the limited area at Internal  and external matrix is determined.

Data analysis showed that the case study limited area was in competitive situations at nine box matrix. Then a set of criteria and indicators Evaluated with Delphi technique and participatory mass building achieved the highest score.

Backgrouand: Study and promotion of knowledge، Attitude and behavior of oil and Fats consumption among Women has and essential role in determination of health status in community. We studied the amount of effectiveness of theatre in the women knowledge، Attitude and behavior on the consumption of oil and Fats.

this is Experimental (before and after) study on 130 women''s in two group of case and control Data collecting was done by questionnaire demographic Variables and questions of knowledge، Attitude and behavior. Reliability and validity were assessed and approved. Data analysis was performed by SPSS Soft ware.

Before the theatre the average knowledge of the women was 15/53 out of 26. After the theatre this knowledge reached to 21/38 (P<0/001). Before the teacher the average attitude of the women vas 31/13 out of 40. After the theatre reached to 32/8 (P>0/001). Also before the theatre the average behavior of the women was 13/13 out of 24 after the theatre reached to 15/70 (P<0/001). That the differences were significant.

According to these results the education through theatre had the effect on the knowledge، Attitude and behavior of oil and Fats consumption among women.

In this paper firt of all we introduce a generalization of torsion freeness of acts over monoids, called -torsion freeness. Then in section 1 of results we give some general properties and in sections 2, 3 and 4 we give a characterization of monoids for which this property of their right Rees factor, cyclic and acts in general implies some other properties, respectively.

In domestic and international commerce field, the credit cards have achieved aspecial position as modern tools for electronic payments. Therefore in order totaking steps along with the technology and to use these tools optimally, the Islamiclegal systems must take serious actions in stipulating written laws in this field.Considering that the main obstacle in forming and developing international creditcards in the legal system of Islamic republic of Iran is the discrepancy (noncomparing)of the related laws for the mentioned cards and jurisprudence Islamiclaws for banking interest, therefore first we discuss the principals and then we willmention the benefits and allowances of the credit card beneficiaries, legal nature ofthe transaction with the above mentioned cards this article, and we will offer somesolutions in this regard, analyzing the credit cards in Iran and Anglo-Saxon countriesin general. The general results of the research shows that in united states of America,in the laws stipulated by the federal reserve board of directors (central bank of theunited states)1 which supervises on the bank loans and the loan contracts in the lawsnowadays, the credit card contracts are stated in a frame work of concluding debt(loan) contracts, at the present time in Iran there is no written and uniformed lawwhich supervise on the private and governmental bank operations, which hasresulted to many problems and issues using these kinds of cards. Therefore in orderto remove the existing obstacles, we can take another step toward developingelectronic commerce in the country in accordance to the principal of free will,limiting the related contracts in the framework of the article 10 of the civil law andassigning the amount for interest and pre-assigned installments while the contractsare concluded, observing jurisprudence and legal principles.