maryam ebrahimi

Although the religions of Zoroaster and Buddha have common points in their teachings and beliefs, they differ from each other in religious culture, especially in the worldview of human orientation. As in Zoroastrian thought, man is called to monotheism and is in the position after God as his representative on earth. However, in Buddhism, man himself is the central subject of religion and he himself is able to reach the level of divinity, that is, the level of perfection. Accordingly, the present study, which has been done in a descriptive-analytical and comparative manner and relying on library sources, case by case study the structure of the two places of worship-holy fire temple and stupa in the two ancient civilizations of Iran and India to answer this question What characteristics are crystallized in the body and architectural space of the two Zoroastrian and Buddhist ideas to emphasize their sacredness? The results indicate that because the view of Zoroastrianism on man is optimistic and realistic in the direction of his survival, growth and movement, so the fire temple has always been built high, introverted and without any decorations. However, due to the wave of human perdition and non-existence in Buddhism, the location of the stupa is on a flat surface and has been constructed extroverted and richly decorated with physical symbols. However, both buildings have similarities in the main elements of the design and plan due to their ritual influence from each other.

Providing financial resources is one of the most important duties of municipalities, and sustainable income generation, Therefore, the municipality as a public institution should reduce its reliance on unsustainable revenues according to the experiences of developed countries, what all municipalities are looking for in the field of income is to create a systematic and coherent structure that will lead to sustainable income for the municipality

The main goal of the current research is to identify the financial resources and sustainable income of Zarand municipality, which was conducted based on descriptive-analytical studies during the years 2017 to 2018.

The present research method, is descriptive-analytical, which after examining the methods of earning and financing the municipalities of the world, a standard questionnaire was prepared and compiled to analyze the sustainability of income sources and their effectiveness in the city of Zarand. It was distributed among specialists. Then, the relevant data were analyzed and checked in Excel, SPSS software, and the reliability and inference of the data used by using Cronbach's alpha, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test (K-S), single population mean test (t- test), Pearson correlation test was performed. Finally, we ranked the data using the saw model.

In the present research, the result of the research was as follows, in the category of income stability, tax on renovation charges, other charges, participation of the non-governmental sector to provide for-profit projects of the city, and finally the use of grants The government is in the category of sustainability.

Thyroid diseases are common health issues worldwide, especially among women. The occurrence of thyroid diseases is increasingly associated with oxidative stress. The present study aimed to assess the effect of eight weeks of moderate intensity interval training with selenium supplementation on oxidative stress levels, body composition, and functional indices in women with hypothyroidism.

In this quasi-experimental study, 46 women with hypothyroidism were randomly assigned to four groups: placebo, selenium supplement, moderate-intensity interval training+ selenium, and moderate-intensity interval training+placebo. Selenium tablets contain 200 micrograms of selenium and placebo contains chickpea flour, which should be taken daily in one meal before exercise. The exercise program consisted of eight weeks, three sessions per week, each lasting 20-40 minutes at an intensity equivalent to 60%-80% of maximum heart rate. Paired t-test was used for intragroup changes, and one-way analysis of variance with repeated measures was employed for between-group changes.

The results indicated significant statistical differences in the time interaction changes within the groups in variables, such as body weight (P=0.001), body mass index (P=0.001), body fat percentage (P=0.001), malondialdehyde (P=0.001), glutathione peroxidase (P=0.004), muscle endurance (P=0.001), and hand grip strength (P=0.001).

As evidenced by the findings of the current study, it is likely that intermittent moderate-intensity exercise with selenium supplementation can be used to improve thyroid hormones and prevent the negative effects of hypothyroidism in women.

The aim of this study was to compare impulsivity, self-control and social desirability in patients with coronavirus and patients admitted to the surgical ward. The study method was a causal-comparative study. The statistical population of the study consisted of all patients admitted to Imam Hossein Hospital in Shahroud in 1399. Sampling method In this study, sampling was available; According to the statistical population, the sample size was 100 people (50 patients with covid-19) and (50 patients admitted to the surgical ward). The research instruments were impulsivity questionnaire, social utility questionnaire and restraint questionnaire. Multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze statistical data. The results showed that there was a significant difference between patients with Quid 19 and patients admitted to the surgical ward in the characteristics of self-control (p = 0.003) and social desirability (p = 0.002). Also, there was no significant difference in the impulsivity between patients with Quid 19 and patients admitted to the surgical ward. Therefore, patients with coronavirus have lower social desirability and self-control than patients admitted to the surgical ward.

It is very important to evaluate the probiotic and antimicrobial properties of yeasts isolated from fermented cereals in order to prepare starter, probiotic or functional cultures. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the probiotic and antimicrobial properties of the predominant yeast isolated from barley sourdough. For this purpose, the yeast with the highest survival in the simulated conditions of the gastrointestinal tract among the predominant yeasts isolated from barley sourdough was identified using PCR technique. Then, other probiotic properties and antimicrobial effects of the selected yeast isolate were investigated. Sequencing results of the PCR products led to the identification of Cyberlindnera fabianii as the selected yeast isolate. Furthermore, the survival rate of the yeast isolate after continuous acid and bile treatment was equal to 60% compared to the control sample. In addition, the yeast isolate was able to reduce 5 Log of Escherichia coli population, which was significantly (p<0.05) higher than those of the other studied foodborne bacteria. The isolate was also able to reduce the growth of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica up to 4 Log, but it did not have an obvious inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus. The auto-aggregation ability of the isolate was about 40%. The isolated yeast was also resistant to all of the investigated antibiotics and relatively sensitive to ketoconazole and fluconazole antimycotic agents. The isolate had no hemolytic activity, and its antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger was also verified. In conclusion, the selected isolated yeast (C. fabianii) has a potential to be used as a probiotic and protective culture in fermentation industries.

Considering the variety of nutritional supplements, choosing a suitable and available supplement for improving sports performance is important. Spinach is one such dietary supplement that contains inorganic nitrate/nitrite that appears to enhance vascular function, cognition, and physical performance. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of short-term consumption of spinach powder on the aerobic and anaerobic performance of active young individuals.

After specifying the criteria for entering the research, 14 healthy and active men and women (age: 22.71±1.81 years, body mass index: 22.70±2.57 kg/m2) participated in this research. Once the subjects provided written consent, they were randomly assigned to two groups: supplement (50 g per day of spinach powder) and placebo (50 g per day of rice flour+green food powder). Both groups followed this regimen for 14 days. Before and 48 hours after the last dose of the supplement,  the aerobic and anaerobic performance of the individuals' upper and lower bodies was evaluated using the Astrand ergometer test, Bruce treadmill test, 30-second Wingate cycling test, and 30-second hand crank test. To analyze the data, a 2×2 ANOVA test and Bonferroni pairwise comparisons were used in SPSS software version 26.

The results of this study indicated that 14 days of spinach powder consumption had no significant effect on maximum oxygen consumption in maximal tests (P=0.59) and sub-maximal tests (P=0.08), as well as on peak (P=0.12), average (P=0.46), and minimum (P=0.63) anaerobic power, maximum pedal speed (P=0.55) and maximum speed retention time in the upper body (P=0.12) and lower body (P=0.97).

The results of this research showed that short-term consumption of spinach failed to improve the aerobic and anaerobic performance of active individuals. Therefore, the results do not support the use of spinach for enhancing athletic performance indicators.

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the impact of aquaculture on the social development of villages in Lorestan province by using survey research. This research is of descriptive-correlation type, and 218 selected breeders and 30 fisheries experts were investigated using random sampling method. In this study, information was collected through a questionnaire that was provided to the selected sample, and its validity and reliability were also confirmed. Bartlett's and KMO's tests were used to confirm the adequacy of the sampling of the statistical population, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov's test was used to check the normality of the data. The results of data analysis through statistical tests using spss software showed that aquaculture has a positive and significant effect on all indicators measuring the social status of villages in Lorestan province so these indicators have improved compared to before aquaculture. The results of the consensus analysis showed that both groups of aqua culturists and experts agree on the improvement of the social situation of aqua culturists after the start of aquaculture. Also, the results of the prioritization of social components in aquaculture showed that the component of "increasing cordial relations with neighbors" is in the first place, and "increasing quarrels and differences between villagers over water issues" is the last social component affected by aquaculture. The ranking results of the communication channels for obtaining information about aquaculture farmers showed that "referring to people with experience in aquaculture who have more technical information" is the most important source of information and "referring experts to farms" is the least important source of information for aquaculture farmers.

Wheat bread is a staple food worldwide, and bread making using sourdough is one of the oldest technologies. In this regard, the use of legume sourdough is important in improving the quality of wheat bread. Sprouted legumes are also proper substrates rich in bioactive compounds for sourdough fermentation to produce enriched products. Furthermore, application of herbal extracts in sourdough formulation is a simple way to enhance organoleptic properties and mold-free shelf-life of the produced sourdough bread. Considering positive effects of sourdough on techno-functional properties of the produced bread, the aim of the present study was to enhance quality parameters of wheat bread using controlled fermented sprouted lentil containing fennel extract.

In the present study, predominant lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated using the sequential back-slopping process from fermented sprouted lentil containing fennel extract.  The isolates were screened based on their antifungal activities against Aspergillus niger. The selected isolates were identified through amplification of the target sequence with 1500 bp from its 16S rDNA gene and sequencing of the PCR products. After that, controlled fermentation containing selected LAB isolates (as a starter culture) was performed in processing of wheat bread. Crumb hardness, specific volume, water activity, overall acceptability and surface growth rate of the target fungus were compared in the produced breads. In order to determine the effects of the substrate, fermentation and germination, suitable samples were produced. The results of the present study were also analyzed in a completely randomized design with three replications, and Duncan test at P<0.05 significant difference was used to compare the mean.

Sequencing results of the PCR products (amplicons) led to the identification of Pediococcus acidilactici as the selected LAB isolate. Addition of lentil sourdough to wheat bread significantly (P<0.05) reduced the weight loss and crumb hardness of wheat bread and also increased its specific volume without significant effect. Among the produced breads, the lowest specific volume was belonged to the sample containing lentil and the highest specific volume was observed in the control sample. Moreover, fermentation and sprouting reduced the surface growth of A. niger in the produced breads. The surface growth rate of the fungus in the bread containing fermented sprouted lentil was also significantly lower than those of the control sample. In addition, wheat bread containing fermented sprouted lentil received the highest overall acceptability score among the produced enriched breads. It is reported that the positive effects of controlled sourdough on textural features of the produced bread are mainly associated with the acidification activity of the starter culture used. Production of organic acids and other inhibitory metabolites by the sourdough starter culture is also involved in its antifungal activity in the product. Moreover, production of volatile and non-volatile aroma precursors during sourdough fermentation affect sensory attributes of the sourdough bread.   

Nowadays, consumer demand for healthy products with minimal processing and with no synthetic additives such as clean-label foods, and the use of bio-preservatives (application of microorganisms and their metabolites to prevent spoilage and increase the shelf-life of the product) has become a growing trend. Application of legumes as a good source of protein, other nutrients and essential components in bread formulation is important for their use in the daily diet. According to the results of the present study, controlled fermented sprouted lentil containing fennel extract can be used as an antifungal compound and texture improver in bakery industries. Overall, the use of plant extracts with antifungal effects as well as controlled fermentation of sourdough with selected LAB as protective/starter culture can reduce the use of chemical preservatives in bread.

 Urban land use patterns undergo fundamental changes over time, and in creating these changes,the role of humans and their activities is the most important. Therefore,modeling and predicting land use changes in the future,considering their changes in the past,will greatly help city managers and planners in making better decisions to guide the future development of the city.In line with the mentioned cases,the purpose of the present research will help to reveal the changes and modeling the development of Kerman city. To achieve this goal, the images of TM, ETM+ and OLI sensors of Landsat satellite were used for the years 2010 to 2020,respectively,in order to prepare land use maps of the studied area. In addition, the parameters used in this research included distance from highways and roads,distance from higher education centers and distance from military centers.In the pre-processing stage, after applying geometric, radiometric and atmospheric corrections,image highlighting operations are performed and using the supervised classification method with the maximum likelihood algorithm,in three classes of built land, barren land and vegetation of land use maps.were prepared In the second stage, the changes made in terms of area, trend and spatial distribution were investigated and analyzed. In the next stage, based on these changes and three independent variables, the modeling of the potential of multi-layered use conversion was done. This method can be used to predict future changes.

The research method is descriptive-Analytical, the research data is prepared by documentation and field methods and references to organizations. The types of users were examined at the Kerman city level and the ratio of each was obtained.

The forecast results of 1405 show the fact that if the current trend of changes continues until 1405,the area will increase by 1357 hectares compared to the current situation, and the area of ​​barren land and vegetation will decrease by 1077 and 472 hectares. The results of this study can help urban planners and managers to better understand the current conditions and make appropriate decisions in the future for proper land cover management.

 The over active bladder syndrome is one of the women ‘s health problem that it usually accompanied by frequency and nocturia  with or without urgency urinary incontinency.The aim of the study was to compare the effect of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation with biofeedback-assisted pelvic floor muscle training on quality of life and frequency of urination in young women with overactive bladder.

 In this double-blind randomized clinical trial, 60 females aged 18 to 45 years with overactive bladder were randomly divided into two equal groups. The first group underwent biofeedback-assisted pelvic floor muscle training plus Kegel exercises three times a week for twelve sessions. The second group underwent percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation plus Kegel exercises, performed three times a week for twelve sessions using a two-channel stimulator with device. The frequency of daily urination was the primary outcome. Quality of life, severity of overactive bladder symptoms, severity of urinary incontinence symptoms, frequency of nocturnal urination, and urgency were secondary outcomes. The criterion for the rate of success was <0.05.

In comparison between groups, a statistically significant difference was observed in the number of daily urinations, nocturnal urinations, and urgency, in favor of the percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation group (p<0.01). Meanwhile, in terms of urinary incontinence, this advantage was in favor of the biofeedback group (p<0.01). No significant difference was observed in terms of quality of life and severity of overactive bladder symptoms between the two groups.

Percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation and biofeedback-assisted pelvic floor muscle training are two minimally invasive, easy, and cost-effective methods that can reduce the frequency of urination and increase the quality of life, and probably reduce the risk of surgery in these patients.

The present research aims to present a model of Iranian-Islamic lifestyle within the educational framework of Martyr Soleimani.

The research utilized a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative methods. In the qualitative section, a meta-synthesis approach was employed, while confirmatory factor analysis was utilized in the quantitative section to validate the proposed model. From the analysis of 57 speeches and interviews, three dimensions were extracted: individual, social, and political, along with six criteria and 23 categories. In the quantitative section, to validate the proposed model, the statistical population consisted of managers of public high schools in Kerman city during the academic year 2021-2022. Using Cochran's formula, the sample size was determined to be 175 participants. For data analysis, Smart-PLS3 and SPSS22 software were utilized.

The results indicated that the Iranian-Islamic lifestyle model in Martyr Soleimani's educational framework adopts a holistic perspective on the concept of education, with the individual and social dimensions being the most significant components of this model. The findings of the research demonstrated the validity of the Iranian-Islamic lifestyle model based on the perspectives of high school managers in Kerman city.

Artificial neural networks (ANN) are a nondestructive method for estimating fruit and vegetable shelf life and quality attributes. This research used artificial neural networks to model a storage process for fruit grapes (Vitis vinifera cv. Rishbaba) coated with maltodextrin, including different levels of potassium nanocarbonate (0-2%) and pyracantha extract (0-1.5%). After applying these coatings, the fruits were stored for 60 days in cold storage (-1 °C), with a relative humidity of 90%. Measurements considered weight loss percentage, titrable acidity (TA), pH, texture firmness, color index (a), and general fruit acceptance. Artificial neural networks predicted changes in fruits during the storage process. By examining different networks, the feedforward backpropagation network had 3-10-6 topologies with a coefficient of determination (R2) greater than 0.988 and a mean square error (MSE) less than 0.005. With a hyperbolic sigmoid tangent activation function, a resilient learning pattern and 1000 learning process were determined as the best neural method. On the other hand, the results of the optimized models showed that this model had the highest and lowest accuracy for predicting the weight loss percentage (R2 = 0.9975) and a (R2 = 0.5671) of the samples, respectively.

Integrated and coordinated planning of the main functions of the supply chain (procurement, production and distribution) often leads to economic efficiency and, as a result, more profit for the entire supply chain. On the other hand, the financial flow and the flow of goods and information are crucial and influential flows in any supply chain. In this paper, the main contribution is to integrated planning of procurement, production and distribution for a multi-product supply chain in order to maximize the producer's profit and also minimize the deviations of the producer's financial indicators by considering both the physical and financial flow. In this regard, the studded supply chain includes several suppliers, one producer and several customers. One of the prominent features of the proposed model is the use of mathematical programming to model the financial flow and achieve the producer's financial goals. Since the presented model is a bi-objective one, two fuzzy multi-objective interactive methods, Selim and Ozkarahan (SO) and Torabi and Hassini (TH) can adjust the degree of satisfaction of the objective functions have been applied. Next, the model is optimized using the goal programming method. Finally, the numerical results in optimizing the proposed fuzzy model show the proposed model's efficiency and the high quality of performance and applicability of the proposed model. The core achievement in the numerical results is that the total value of the distribution in the two models is equal. However, the SO method obtains more unbalanced solutions when the decision maker pays more attention to the first objective function.

The increase in the production and consumption of grapes in the world has increased the need for research in the field of creating conditions for further preservation of this fruit, and the lack of sensors that can provide accurate information from the production and storage process to control systems for decision-making is obvious and evident. Therefore, this study aimed to determine some characteristics of grape fruit (taste index, pH, firmness, ion leakage, ∆E, number of mold and general acceptance) stored in cold storage in the range of storage time from 0 to 60 days was measured and according to the importance Achieving these characteristics during fruit storage, a model using fuzzy logic was created as an expert system with accuracy (with a correlation coefficient greater than 0.96) and very high speed capable of predicting and determining these product characteristics only by using It was time to save it. This system was able to obtain the value of each of these studied characteristics at any desired storage time in the range of 0 to 60 days with very high accuracy and in a fraction of a second. On the other hand, it was found that with increasing storage time, the amount of taste index, pH, number of molds, ∆E and ionic leakage of the samples increased, but the degree of hardness and overall acceptance decreased.

Lake Urmia is one of the most important environmental challenges in Iran, as the most important salt lake in the middle east. So, we see environmental challenges and economic, political-security and social challenges in the northwest of Iran. One  of the ways to restore Lake Urmia to prevent drying and reach the ecological level of the lake is water transfer project from little zab basin to Lake Urmia. The project is implemented in an area where ethnic - religious pluralism is present, considering that this transfer could have different social, economic and political consequences.

Methodology  :

The outcome of this project is studied using qualitative research method of content analysis by interviews of elites, researchers and managers and using open coding technique.

The results indicate that the negative consequences are the disintegration of activity, spatial mobility of the population, the form of ethnic tensions, the formation of fragility in water transport and economic and cultural discourse.

The objectives and uses of water transfer should be clear and not applicable to agricultural development and drinking purposes, because the development of agriculture and drinking uses in the destination can cause unbalanced development in dependence on water in destination and create conflicts and protests at the origin.

Sports organizations need to use the capacity of the private sector to achieve their goals. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze effective strategic indicators in attracting private sector participation in the development of sport for all. The present study in terms of purpose is applied research qualitative in terms of data collection and descriptive-exploratory research in terms of analysis method. The statistical population included all the scientific and executive experts of sport for all in the country. Sampling was purposefully selected, which interviewed 27 people and led to theoretical saturation. Data was collected using in-depth and exploratory interviews with experts. Data analysis was performed using thematic analysis of interviews. Findings showed that the effective strategic indicators in involvement of the private sector in the development of sport for all in the country from the perspective of experts included : administrative and procedural strategies, legal strategies, informational and knowledge strategies, operational and executive strategies, financial strategies, supportive strategies., managerial and planning strategies, supervisory and controlling strategies, economic strategies, and organizational and coordination strategies. The findings of the present study can help the country's sports authorities to attract the participation of the private sector in the development of public sports, it is hoped that it will be considered and used by the authorities.

 The purpose of the present research is to investigate, analyze and predict the strategies governing the adoption of business intelligence in the decisions of the Iranian Electricity Network Management Company, to policy science, technology, and innovation based on business intelligence in this company. In the first step, the research is based on the theory of technology-organization-environment while identifying the barriers and facilitators of using business intelligence in the organizational decisions of the Iranian Electricity Network Management Company using the three-way method including study, observation, and semi-structured interviews with data collection experts. And it was done through the method of thematic analysis of the coding process. In the next step, by combining soft system methodology and system dynamics, and using Rapidminer and Vensim software, the acceptance and use of this technology has been predicted in five years. For this purpose, by using cause-and-effect relationships and in the form of a dynamics model, circular and flow diagrams were modeled, and based on the opinion of experts, the necessary corrections were made to the output at this stage. In the following, the simulation was carried out for five years using a developed model using dynamic systems thinking. According to the research findings, the research system is controllable and has observable effects. That is, the inputs of the system control the variables of the state and each of the variables of the state affects some of the outputs of the system. Based on this, scenarios were obtained with changes in individual factors, organizational factors, environmental factors, and extra-environmental factors. The result is that the inappropriate localization of technologies, the insularity of information systems, the contradiction of security instructions, and the resistance of human resources in front of security policies are among the factors with a negative impact on the establishment of the sub-system of optimal allocation of human resources., the establishment of an education sub-system, security policies, establishment of the steering committee, establishment of systems integration sub-system, and establishment of a knowledge-based companies sub-system were recognized as positive predictors for the adoption and application of business intelligence.

The present research aims to design a learning and learning model in various theoretical and practical dimensions including the role of the teacher, the role of the learner, the learning process, the teaching process, the evaluation of learnings and the learning environment based on the verses of the Qur'an in order to provide a practical and prominent model. This research was conducted by descriptive _ analytical method in the form of extraction, explanation and analysis of verses related to each of the seven important components of the educational system. Some views, such as behavioral, thematic/ disciplinary, social, developmental, cognitive, humanistic, transpersonal views, have a clear position on these components. There is no comprehensive research on the view of the Quran as a Muslim heavenly book on this subject. the author of the survey concludes that the most important educational aspiration is the focus of God and his presence in the context of life and in all human actions and behavior. The teacher plays the role of kind, informed and informative guidance and encourages learners to think. The learner is also an active, questioning and disciplined element that is aware of its existential capacity and the learning process strengthens its sense of dignity and value. The process of teaching is step-by-step, simple and understandable and far from the end of the word. The evaluation process informs the learner of his or her weaknesses and strengths to seek correction and compensation; and to achieve self-evaluation. The learning environment is open and flexible but it has rules and regulations that are punishable by violation.

Natural honey is a proper substrate to isolate probiotic bacteria. Characterization of probiotic and antifungal properties of microorganisms isolated from food ecosystems such as natural honey that have been less studied is an interesting task. In the present study, after molecular identification of a predominant lactic acid bacterium (LAB) isolated from the natural honey, its probiotic properties and antifungal effect were investigated. Then, the antibacterial (spot method) and antifungal (overlay method) activities of the LAB isolate were evaluated against some foodborne microorganisms. Sequencing results of the PCR products led to the identification of Enterococcus faecium. Survival rate of the isolate in simulated gastrointestinal conditions was equal to 20.68%, and its antibacterial and antifungal effects on Salmonella enterica and Aspergillus niger were also 31.06 and 32.35% inhibition, which were significantly (P<0.05) higher than the other foodborne indicators studied. Furthermore, the isolate had a proper antibiotic resistance profile, and it had no hemolytic activity. Auto-aggregation ability of the isolate was also equal to 32.34%, and its co-aggregation with Escherichia coli, S. enterica, Listeria monocytogenes and Bacillus cereus was 34.29, 21.35, 15.58 and 14.98%, respectively. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the E. faecium isolated from honey can be used as probiotic and/or protective culture in food industry.

In this research, due to the lack of a study on the modeling of the storage conditions of grape fruits coated with maltodextrin containing potassium nanocarbonate and pyracantha extract using the fuzzy-neural inference system (ANFIS), different storage times (zero to 60 days), concentration Potassium nanocarbonate (zero to 2%) and concentration of pyracantha extract (zero to 1.5%) used in edible coating as input and the amount of Brix, the percentage of dropping berry, the amount of malondialdehyde, the browning of the grapes cluster, aroma and taste of samples were considered as output. Three Gaussian, triangular and trapezoidal membership functions with 2-2-2 and 3-3-3 membership functions were investigated. The results showed that trapezoidal function with 3-3 membership function and Gaussian function with 3-3 membership function were selected as the best model for Brix output variable and percentage of dropping berry, respectively. finally, triangular model with 3-3 membership function was selected for cluster browning and malondialdehyde variables. On the other hand, the results indicated that with the increase in storage time, the amount of Brix, the percentage of dropping berry, malondialdehyde and cluster browning increased in all samples, but the amount of aroma and tast of the samples decreased. the use of coating containing potassium nanocarbonate and pyracantha extract caused the speed of these changes to decrease. In the end, it can be said that the high correlation coefficients between the laboratory results and the model outputs indicate the acceptable accuracy and usability of these models in controlling the storage conditions of grape fruits coated with maltodextrin containing potassium nanocarbonate and pyracantha extract.

Autism spectrum disorders have adverse effects on family life. Based on this, this research was conducted with the aim of investigating the Effectiveness of Reality Therapy Based on Unconditional Positive Self-Acceptance on the Attitude towards Childbearing in Mothers of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. The present study was an experiment with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of the research was made up of all mothers of children with autism in Sari City in 2021-2022, from which a sample of 30 people was selected using the available sampling method and randomly divided into two groups (15 people in the experimental group and 15 people were placed in the control group. The people in the experimental group received reality therapy intervention based on unconditional positive acceptance for two months in 8 sessions of 60 minutes. The questionnaire used in this research included Soderberg et al.'s (2013) attitude scale towards fertility and childbearing. The results of the test showed that reality therapy based on unconditional positive self-acceptance has a significant effect on the attitude towards fertility and childbearing of mothers of children with autism spectrum disorders. Based on the findings of the present research, it can be concluded that reality therapy training based on unconditional positive self-acceptance, with the benefit of teaching appropriate methods for accepting reality and making moral and responsible choices, can be used as an efficient method to improve the attitude towards fertility and childbearing.

Banks will look different in the future. This article expands the theory of technology transfer in banking. The purpose of this research is to identify and rank the barriers to technology transfer in Maskan Bank and Melli Bank. Accordingly, first, barriers to technology transfer as well as barriers to establishing electronic banking are identified based on theoretical literature and experts' points of view. Hierarchical analysis process method and 80 experts' opinions during the first 6 months of 2019 were used to rank these barriers. The identified barriers are: organizational barriers (Management support, instability, and value), human barriers (management skills, human skills, innovation, and employee knowledge), technical barriers (complexity, legal, and financial), and Information barriers (cost of information, communication, and inappropriate choice of technology). Content validity ratio has been used for validity analysis. This ratio is greater than 0.33 for all sub-criteria. The results have shown that technical obstacles with a weight of 0.393 are the most important obstacles and organizational obstacles with a weight of 0.177 are the least important. Among the sub-criteria, financial obstacles with a weight of 0.183 are in the first priority and unsustainable obstacles with a weight of 0.029 are in the last priority. In this research, the literature of technology transfer has been used to evolve the literature of electronic banking implementation, and the classification of barriers to technology transfer in banks in this way has not been discussed in the research literature so far. In addition, ranking has been done in Maskan Bank and Melli Bank. The identification of these obstacles and their ranking provides the macro management of banking systems with the possibility of effective intervention to remove these obstacles.

In addition to oxidative stress, the apoptosis of liver cells plays a main role in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis pathogenesis. Nevertheless, the main mechanisms of the response of liver cell apoptosis in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) models caused by a high-fat diet, as well as the effects of exercise with and without calorie restriction on these mechanisms, have not been assessed to date.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of two exercise protocols with and without calorie restriction on apoptosis and liver damage in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Sixty-four male Wistar rats were subjected to a high-fat diet for eight weeks and were divided randomly into eight groups: Control, calorie restriction (CR), aerobic exercise (AE), and aerobic exercise + calorie restriction (AC) for eight and twelve weeks. Also, two groups of rats that had normal and free access to food werenamedsham groups. The training groups exercised on the treadmill for five sessions a week for eight and twelve weeks. Two-way ANOVA was utilized for data analysis at a significance level of 0.05.

According to the findings, in both 8- and 12-week protocols, the expression of Bax proteins in the exercise and exercise + calorie restriction groups showed a significant decrease compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Also, Bcl-2 protein expression significantly increased in the exerciseandexercise+calorie restriction groups than the controlgroup(P< 0.05). The training groups showed no significant difference between the 8- and 12-week protocols.

It was revealed that exercise with and without caloric restriction and independent of the protocol duration can improve the apoptosis of hepatocytes in NAFLD.

Protection of food security is one of the basic priorities of any country, which is achieved through the development and introduction of new, high-yielding and stress-resistant crop varieties. Considering the wide range of usage; human nutrition, livestock and poultry nutrition as well as use in industrial products production, maize is of special importance in agricultural development programs. To improve a trait with complex behavior and low heritability, indirect selection by other traits or a suitable index developed based on several traits can be used. In this research, 86 maize genotypes were cultivated in the form of randomized complete block design with three replications in the field in the Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University under two normal and salt stress conditions. The measurement of the traits was done from the tassel appearance to kernel physiological maturity. In order to speed up genotype selection and increase the acuracy of selecting high yielding genotypes, four selection indices including Smith- Hazel, Pasek- Baker, Brim and Robinson were used and calculated. The results of present study revealed that selection based on the Smith- Hazel index with the highest selection efficiency (∆H) will increase the grain yield in normal and grain yield and plant height in salt stress conditions. This index, with its high correlation with the breeding value is introduced as a superior index. Based on this index, R59 and 6*/88 genotypes were introduced as the superior genotypes under normal and salt stress conditions, respectively. Nonetheless, these genotypes were recognized as the best genotypes considering the results of all other investigated indices. Identifying and introducing genotypes tolerant to salinity stress is of particular importance due to the expansion of saline lands and the limitation of access to water suitable for irrigation. Based on the above results, 6*/88 genotype is recommended for the development of promising hybrids for cultivation in areas with water or saline soil.

Moderation is essential in all areas of life. The Holy Qur'an considers a perfect person to be someone who avoids any extremes in all aspects of life and establishes a precise balance. This balance is a complete and comprehensive moderation. In order to create balance in all aspects of life, the Holy Qur'an has prescribed rules that adherence to them will lead a person to a moderate and ultimately good life (Hayat Tayyibah). This research aims to explain the basicity of moderation in the three dimensions of human communication (relationship with God, oneself and society) from the perspective of the Holy Qur'an using a descriptive analytical method. First, it deals with the importance of moderation from the perspective of the Qur'an, and then with the representation of moderation in the three dimensions of human communication: Communication with God (moderation in beliefs, in fear and hope, in worship), communication with oneself (moderation in personality, in desire for this world and the hereafter, in work and effort, in paying attention to the body and soul, in eating and drinking, in sleeping, in using the blessings and ornaments of the world) and communication with other people (moderation in ethics: in praise and blame, in joking and seriousness, in kindness and anger; moderation in speech; and moderation in behavior, in friendship and enmity, in forgiveness and revenge, in giving charity). The result is that moderation as a Quranic principle is in all aspects of personal and social life and all human activities