delphi-fuzzy

The main objective of the present study was to identify the factors affecting the smuggling of sports goods in the country. This study is a qualitative research that was conducted using the Delphi-Fuzzy approach. The statistical sample of the study consisted of 20 industry experts, including officials and high-level people in the administrative structure who are somehow related to smuggling of goods, and academic experts, including professors of sports management and economics, who were selected purposefully. The initial components of the study were identified by studying theoretical foundations and previous research and were provided to the panel of experts in the form of a questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale in three rounds. The analysis of the research data was examined using the Delphi-Fuzzy method and the final factors identified were divided into five categories: economic factors (7 components), cultural-social (6 components), political-managerial (10 components), marketing (10 components), and environmental-geographic factors (2 components). Based on the research findings, the most important factors affecting the smuggling of sporting goods were the high customs tariff, taxes and duties in the economic factors, the unemployment and deprivation of border areas in the cultural-social factors, the inappropriate administrative system of customs and taxes and problems in the goods clearance process in the managerial-political factors, the lack of up-to-date technology used in domestic production in the marketing factors, and the wide geographical borders in the environmental factors. In general, it can be said that smuggling of goods is a multidimensional phenomenon that is affected by various factors, so all factors must be considered to combat it.

In recent decades, private or cooperative institutions such as knowledge-based companies, by entering the age based on knowledge, the frequent recommendations and special favors of the leader of the Islamic revolution, the increasing pressure of international competition, and the intensification of sanctions against the country have gained special importance and status. The importance of these companies stems from deep changes in commercial and economic-environmental aspects and the importance of talents in developing innovative solutions to respond to emerging issues and solve new problems. These companies have an undeniable role in achieving economic growth, increasing domestic production, reducing dependence on other countries, and creating added value. The way of managing and leading unique talents in these companies and many challenges require a transformation in talent management. Despite the tremendous benefits of talent for companies, many problems will arise if they are not adequately managed. The current research was conducted to present a lean talent management model in knowledge-based companies using mixed methods.

Design/ methodology/ approach: 

Regarding philosophical presuppositions, the current research is grouped under pragmatism in terms of orientation, except fundamental-applied research, and in terms of method, it is grouped under mixed research. The study's statistical population includes knowledge-based companies located in the science and technology park; 15 of their top and middle managers in Lorestan province were selected as experts. to choose experts, criteria such as having a relevant field of study (business management, strategic management, public administration, industrial engineering), having work experience related to human resource management or working in the field of management, and having mastery over the subject of study were important. Thus, the sample members have been selected based on the non-probability sampling method and through purposive sampling. In fact, in this type of sampling, the sample members are identified and selected based on the criteria compiled by the researcher to provide the researcher with relevant and consistent information for the research. The statistical population of the study in the quantitative part in connection with Delphi-Fuzzy questionnaires and pairwise comparisons of structural-interpretive modeling to prioritize the components and present the research model are experts of knowledge-based companies, including top and middle managers of knowedge0based companies. Regarding the number of experts in the quantitative section, according to the different opinions of some scientists, 10 to 15 people, others 8 to 12 people, and some 7 to 12 people have been proposed. The statistical sample size in the questionnaire related to the Delphi-Fuzzy technique and the questionnaire related to pairwise comparisons in the structural-interpretive modeling technique are 15 experts from knowledge-based companies located in the science and technology park in Lorestan province. in the qualitative part of the research, the content analysis technique and the coding method were used to collect and analyze the qualitative data collected through the interview tool. Also, in the quantitative part, the Delphi-Fuzzy technique and structural-interpretive modeling were used to prioritize the components discovered in the qualitative part and present the research model.

 The research findings in the qualitative part include the discovery and identification of 147 indicators and 17 dimensions for lean talent management, and the research findings in the quantitative part also include prioritization of the leveling of dimensions and presenting of the lean talent management model. The model presented in the research includes five levels: driving factors, strategic factors, components of lean talent management, tactical factors, and consequences of lean talent management. Based on the exploratory model of creative agility components, talent competitiveness and sustainable competitive advantage with high effectiveness, intelligent environmental components, lean structural and lean culture with high effectiveness and vertical integration components, lean human resource management, strategic business analysis, talent exploration lean, lean talent selection, lean daily talent, lean talent adaptability, support and commitment of manager and leader, and commitment-orientated policy have high effectiveness.

Limitations & Consequences:

 Lean Talent Management is considered a strategic factor for knowledge-based companies to achieve goals and improve competitiveness at various national, international, and global levels. However, the generalization of research results for other companies is limited.

Practical Consequences: 

The model presented in this research can help design and implement lean talent management in knowledge-based companies and enrich the literature of this emerging field.

Innovation or value of the Article: 

Current research shows that the lean talent management model has been localized in knowledge-based companies.

Contrary to both the banks’ outstanding positions in financing and availability of unhealthy competition environment in the country banking industry in the recent years, little or no research was conducted around effective competition. The core objective of the current research is to design the competition model in banking industry with the means of DEMATEL technique. The data collection was organized through document-based analysis and semi-structured interviews with financial-banking elites. Sampling was in judgmental and snowball version. In order to analyze the data, coding was carried out by the thematic analysis and in order to approve of and screen the data, Fuzzy two stages-approach was employed and in order to assess the cause-and-effect relation among model dimensions, DEMATEL approach was applied. The result depicts economic, political, environmental and social factors as of causes, influence structural, legal, managemental, financial features. Furthermore, environmental factors were the most influential parameters and structural factors were on easy verge of impact. Additionally, legal and environmental components were of higher significance due to the broad interaction with the alternative variables. Additionally, in accordance with the result attained, legal factors were considered as the principal Achille Hills in having effective competition and environmental factors could be considered as the solutions for the legal factors.

The main goal of the current research is to evaluate the pillars, benefits and results of the implementation of the 5S grooming system in the Zanjan Zinc Khales Sazan Industries, as the largest exporter of zinc ingots with a purity of 99.9% in the Middle East.

The research method is practical in terms of purpose; In terms of data collection, descriptive-survey; and in terms of analysis, it is qualitative-quantitative. The statistical community regarding the evaluation of the effective elements in the implementation of the 5S grooming system and the extraction of their weight, as well as the identification of the benefits and results of the implementation of the said system and the ranking of the benefits and results, includes 18 experts and specialists of the mentioned industry.

For this purpose, at first, using the multi attribute decision-making technique called SWARA, the aforementioned pillars were evaluated and the importance (weight) of the pillars was calculated. The output of this technique showed that the fifth pillar, "self-discipline and public participation" was extracted with the greatest weight as the most important and effective pillar in the implementation of the 5S grooming system in Zanjan Zinc Khales Sazan Industries. Also, the second pillar (organization of essential items and clarification) was ranked last with the lowest weight. Then, using the fuzzy Delphi approach, the benefits and results of the implementation of the 5S grooming system in Zanjan Zinc Khales Sazan industries were extracted. In the following, eight extracted alternatives (benefits and results) were evaluated and ranked using the opinions of industry experts and using the new decisionmaking technique of MOORA. The final result of this technique indicates that the first alternative means "making the work environment safer and the work processes more comfortable and pleasant" in the first place, and the seventh alternatives means "optimal use of space and resources" and the sixth means "reducing search times and finding resources" in The next ranks were placed. The second alternative including "improving industry turnover" was ranked last.

In this way, the proposed research approach will provide a suitable model for evaluating the pillars, benefits and results of implementing the 5S grooming system in Zanjan Zinc Khales Sazan Industries.

In the world of competition, manpower can be the most important advantage of an organization and the main factor in developing and increasing performance in the collection. Organizations are just trying to create the best facilities for maximum performance and effectiveness. In some organizations, despite the efforts of the organization to provide the necessary facilities for employees, not only the performance does not increase; On the contrary, the phenomenon called organizational climate inversion is spreading in organizations. This study tries to identify the factors affecting the inversion of the organizational climate. The present study is descriptive in terms of developmental purpose and survey method in terms of method of data collection; It has used fuzzy Delphi and Exell software to analyze and achieve its goals. The difference of less than 0.2 between the definitive mean of stages 1 and 2 and the high degree of consensus of experts on the effective factors confirm the validity of the factors being measured. Given that this research has been done to develop a new theory, we have tried to use fuzzy Delphi, experts'' opinion to reduce ambiguity about components and factors and increase the validity of selected factors. The results show that 19 factors affect the inversion of the organizational climate. Based on the results, increase in the of the organization''s hardware factors has been identified as the most important factors affecting the inversion of the organization''s climate. It is recommended that facilities be calculated and assigned to specific individuals to prevent organizational inversion.

Organizations, especially sports clubs, are in an endeavor to promote their reputation to be able to reach the peak of success. Despite the existence of research that has been done on organizational reputation, there is still no comprehensive and complete scale in this regard. Therefore, the present study aims to identify the factors affecting the reputation of Iranian football clubs from experts’ viewpoints by using the Fuzzy Delphi method and also confirm the found factors based on fans’ opinions.

This research follows a purpose-oriented approach and was carried out in two independent and consecutive stages to achieve the desired goals. In the first stage, according to the opinion of 25 sports experts and using the two-stage fuzzy Delphi method, research indicators were identified, and in the second stage, these indicators were given to 384 selected fans of the Premier Football League teams in the season (96-97) in the form of a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire.  The sampling method in this research was available and the second-stage questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS.v19 and AMOS software.

The results of the confirmatory factor analysis in the second stage of the study showed that nine components of public relations (media and social relations), the identity and image of the club brand, team performance, team tradition, team social responsibility, team orientation, team management quality, and the financial health of the team, theoretically and practically, are confirmed as components of the club's reputation.

Based on the nine factors affecting club reputation, the results of this research suggest that multiple and multilateral indicators should be considered in the evaluation of the organizational reputation of the Premier Football League teams and a comprehensive approach should be used for this purpose.

Subject and Purpose of the Article: 

Error management in the public sector facilitates the achievement of goals. The root of the issue of error management is derived from the internal controls of business units, which attention will increase the quality of auditing in government agencies. The purpose of this research is to identify the components of error management in universities of medical sciences in order to improve the audit quality.

The research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-exploratory in terms of implementation. Theme analysis and Delphi Fuzzy Method was used to conduct the research. For this purpose, the opinions of 15 public and private auditors and experienced financial managers of medical sciences universities were used with the snowball method.

The results of the analysis indicate that the factors affecting error management in order to improve audit quality can be divided into 7 main factors, including auditor performance evaluation, compliance with audit rules and standards, auditor empowerment, audit quality, Error management was classified at team level, organizational level and individual level.

Conclusion, Originality and its Contribution to the Knowledge:

 Paying attention to error management components improves audit quality. Considering today's volatile conditions, error management can help medical universities to achieve their goals.

Hospitals produce a wide range of waste. Office waste and kitchen waste are considered household waste, while operating room waste is highly contaminated and considered hazardous waste. In other words, about 75 to 90 percent of the waste generated in hospitals is quasi-domestic and 10 to 25 percent of waste generated in hospitals is hazardous. This study aimed to identify the effective factors in the management of special medical waste to analyze these factors and determine the most effective ones to improve the quality of management of such wastes. Evaluations based on Fuzzy Delphi technique, and extracting information from the questionnaires given to a statistical population of 35 experts in the field of waste management showed a coefficient of 0.882 using Cronbach's alpha formula, gathered from 45 effective indexes identified. Experts had full consensus on the impact of 12 main indexes to be used to model the management of such waste. According to the ranking, the "amount of dedicated budget to educational programs in the hospital" index with a consensus percentage of 92 percent has the first rank in this section and it is the most effective index in hospital waste management. "The amount of Dedicated budget to hospital waste management", "the amount of Dedicated budget for periodic monitoring of the performance of production centers", and "Number of active autoclaves in contracted medical centers" are placed after with a percentage of consensus of 89, 88 and 86 percent, respectively. Also, the population index is ranked last with a consensus of 77 percent.

The establishment of internal audit in the public sector can, in addition to determining the path and roadmap to achieve a higher level of effective performance, outline the necessary steps for the growth and regular improvement of internal audit activity. Based on this, the main goal of the current research is to provide a model for internal audit in the public sector. In order to achieve the mentioned goal, firstly, the theoretical foundations and background of the researches related to internal audit are extracted and related laws and regulations, study and interview with 16 sub-experts determined the dimensions, components and indicators of the internal audit model, then by asking the opinion of 165 experts and experts along with the application of the fuzzy Delphi method, their consensus was obtained. Finally, based on the consensus of research experts, the model of internal audit functions in Iran's public sector based on 5 dimensions and 14 components was developed. The dimensions and components related to the model are a) the dimension of accountability and financial reporting, including the components of accountability and accountability to the scope of duties; and effective and reliable financial reporting; b) the assurance aspect of processes and operations, including the components of formulating appropriate strategies for full access to information and compliance with the rules, regulations, and rules of carrying out processes; C) The dimension of consulting mechanisms and processes, including continuous and effective relationships with the audit committee, audit independence, and the process improvement suggestion mechanism; t) Internal control evaluation dimension including internal control and risk management, financial and operational supervision and cooperation rules and regulations with regulatory bodies and development of internal audit activities; d) The relationship between the dimensions of internal audit and the reporting of results, including the components of training senior executive and financial managers, creating and developing infrastructure, and preparing and compiling guide packages. The result of this study shows that internal auditors fulfill supervisory responsibilities, improve internal controls. They advise management on risk management policies, ensure that the organization complies with regulations and provides quality financial reporting.

The aim of this study was to identify and prioritize the antecedents and consequences of humble leadership style of high school principals in Khorramabad city using fuzzy Delphi method. This research is a type of research mixed with a quantitative and qualitative approach in the inductive paradigm, which is applied in terms of purpose and exploratory in terms of nature and method. The statistical population of the study is high schools in Khorramabad city, 25 of which have been selected based on the principle of theoretical adequacy and using purposive sampling method. In the qualitative part, a semi-structured interview was used to collect information, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed using CVR coefficient and Kappa-Cohen test, and the data obtained from the interview were analyzed using Atlas.ti software and coding method. And the antecedents and consequences of the modest leadership style were identified. In the quantitative part, a pairwise comparison questionnaire was used to collect information, the validity and reliability of which were confirmed by content validity and retesting and the most important factors and consequences were identified. The results show that among the antecedents of humble leadership, abandoning selfishness, accepting mistakes, appreciating and thanking others, sincerity and being critical are the most important factors, Increasing creativity and innovation, promoting participation and seeking participation and passionate and motivated teachers are also the most important consequences of this leadership style in high schools in Khorramabad.

The first part of the economic system that was affected by the outbreak of the Corona pandemic was the banking system of countries. Therefore, the aim of this study was to design a social banking model with a post-corona approach in the country's banking industry, which uses a combination of Delphi-fuzzy method and interpretive structural modeling. In this study, the opinions of university professors and managers in the field of banking industry, which included 20 people, were used. For component screening, Delphi-fuzzy method was used, in which the diffused mean of 44 components was more than 0.7, so 44 components were identified in 5 dimensions in this industry. Then, structural-interpretive modeling and MICMAC analysis were used to level the dimensions. The results of ISM showed that the social banking model has four levels, so that the social banking infrastructure is firstly factor (bank entry into social networks for marketing purposes) and then secondly factor (possibility of creating non-bank social financial platforms), third factor (Bank entry into social networks for banking operations) and in the fourth degree are factors (customer service privatization - the use of collective wisdom to create and develop products and services). MICMAC results also showed the dimension (bank entry into social networks for marketing purposes) in the independent cluster and the dimension (using collective wisdom to create and develop products and services) in the link cluster and dimensions (possibility of creating non-bank social financial platforms - bank entry Social networks for banking operations are located in the autonomous cluster and then (customer service privatization) in the dependent cluster. Finally, it can be concluded that although the negative effects of Covid-19 on the banking industry are inevitable, but if there is a solution, it can be a good opportunity to improve the banking system and use more appropriate methods through research in new technologies to attract customers. Innovate in providing complete and diverse products and services with the aim of creating value for customers and improving the performance of banks and creating new opportunities and infrastructure in the banking industry.

Banking capital and risk decisions are affected by laws, private incentives and capital market pressure. Focusing on examining these cases will explicitly provide an updated insight into empirical evidence on the impact of auditors 'regulations on capital and risk, and provide an assessment of the evolution of banks' decision making mechanisms. Therefore, this research has determined the factors affecting the optimal level of risk and optimal capital structure in Iranian banks using Delphi-Fuzzy approach based on in-depth interview with experts and content analysis. After identifying the effective factors using content analysis and content analysis, 15 experts were interviewed. The Delphi-Fuzzy approach was used to determine the effect of the final factors. The results show that the most important factors affecting efficiency are physical capital cost, manpower cost, cost of funds, investment in securities and net facility. In addition, among the various factors, the variables of facility coverage rate, risk capacity and legal requirement will be the most important factors affecting the optimal level of risk in banks. Finally, minimum capital, minimum capital risk and minimum leverage ratio were considered as the most effective factors in determining optimal capital structure.

The purpose of this study is to identify and evaluate the effective drivers in the socio-cultural field of the country's tax system.

The present study is based on data type, Hybrid; by purpose, Practical and from the perspective of data collection, it is a descriptive- survey research. The drivers of the country's tax system in the socio-cultural field were identified using the methods of the panel of experts, open questionnaire, interview and fuzzy triangular Delphi.

The following drivers were identified as effective drivers in the socio-cultural sphere of the country's tax system: 1. People's faith and belief in paying taxes, 2. Attention to justice and fairness, 3. People's use of reciprocal services, 4. Fundamental change in the framework Sovereignty, 5. Indicators of governance, and  6. Determining the effects of paying taxes in the society were identified. Which according to the type of distribution in the center of coordinates, indicates the instability and non-inferiority of the system under study.

It is necessary to establish a  futures research center in the country's tax affairs organization in general and to pay attention to the governance indicators, taxpayers' tax citizenship rights, and the government's support for the general tax-free tax.

Policymakers and strategic planners around the world, especially in Europe and the United States, have noted that enhancing entrepreneurial capacity is essential to achieving higher levels of economic growth and innovation. It is believed that an entrepreneurial culture based on knowledge, practice and innovation may deal with the problems caused by the current global economic crisis. In fact, it can be said that a developing country like ours constantly needs to upgrade its entrepreneurial capacity to help its economic growth and development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the entrepreneurial capacities of the strategic plan of Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj Branch with Delphi fuzzy approach.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and analytical-survey-Delphi in terms of data collection. To evaluate the entrepreneurial capacities of the strategic plan of the Islamic Azad University of Sanandaj, the Delphi technique consisting of 18 experts in the field of entrepreneurship management and strategic management of the Islamic Azad University of Sanandaj was used.

The results of fuzzy Delphi research showed that the degree of acceptance of all hypotheses is between 0.5-0. Therefore, it can be said that they do not have the necessary utility. In other words, the degree of reliability of all dimensions is less than 0.5, so the nullity-based hypotheses of utility are rejected because the dimensionality hypothesis is in a state of weak possibility for acceptance.

Despite the growing importance of social innovation, there is no agreed definition and coherent understanding that facilitates empirical research on this concept.

The present study seeks to provide an integrated and comprehensive definition of social innovation that can help a common and logical understanding of it.Research

In the research process, under the influence of rational epistemology and in order to link between abstract propositions, analytical-logical method has been used. In this regard, in order to achieve theoretical richness for the final model, at least 116 texts were reviewed and analyzed. Among these texts, 15 books, 3 documents and 32 sites approved by the elites of the seminary, 6 dissertations and 60 articles were analyzed. The extracted propositions were then expertized by fuzzy Delphi method.

In addition to presenting the concept of social innovation, distinguishing social innovation from other concepts of innovation and dissemination and expansion of social innovation, a nine-stage model including: Identifying social needs 2. Ideation and solution development, 3. Evaluation of selected ideas and selection, 4. Establishment and preparation of infrastructure, 5. Implementation of the solution, 6. Creating a feedback loop and impact assessment, 7. Large-scale performance, 8. Institutionalization, 9. Learning and evolution were agreed upon by experts.

The study showed that although researchers in recent decades have placed great emphasis on social innovation, but this concept is still much neglected compared to technical innovation. Therefore, in order to discover the coordinates of social innovation, he summarized this concept in a comprehensive set and prevented definite and definite propositions.

Undetermined framework and the lack of planning in locating retail stores have caused most of the stores not to be located based on existing standards. Therefore, this process is more optional than scientific work based on knowledge. On the other hand, the methods applied by authorities to locate stores are often traditional and do not follow a scientific logic. These methods are more empirical and subjective, some consequences of which are difficult in accessing customers and reduction in sales and profitability. The purpose of the current study is to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the optimal location of retail stores using a geo-marketing approach. The analytical method used in this paper is a combination of the Delphi fuzzy method and the analytic hierarchical process. The statistical population consisted of experts and elites in the retail industry of Tehran in 2019. In this study, first, the necessity of addressing retail store location is explained. Next, the most significant components of retail store location are presented. The results indicate that the main factors influencing the optimal location of retail stores in order of importance are: population structure, trade zone ,and customer characteristics, competitive conditions, ease of access to stores, physical and location features of the store, customers economical factors, market attractiveness, performance indicators, determining store expenditures/ economical factor, the locational attraction of store, and saturation level. Finally, it can be said that macro research findings provide an approach to the optimal location of retail stores.

The purpose of this mixed-methods deductive-inductive research was to identify and prioritize components of service compensation in relation to productivity of faculty staff at state comprehensive universities in Iran using the Fuzzy Delphi Approach. The research population consisted of faculty members from Uremia, Tabriz, Mohaghegh Ardebili, and Zanjan universities out of whom a random sample of 30 were selected based on snowball sampling. Initially, qualitative review of existing exploratory literature and interviews with experts were conducted to identify the components of faculty staff Service Compensation which were further assessed and prioritized through applied research and Fuzzy Delphi approach. The findings from the survey revealed a set of 27 components of Service Compensation, and the Fuzzy Delphi analysis underscored the significant priority of tenure, salary, promotions, work autonomy, pay structure, working conditions in the department, and quality of administration and management.

The purpose of this study is to identify the components affecting the social classes of citizens on urban body design. For this purpose, the theoretical foundations related to social classes and urban body design were examined and the initial conceptual model that included effective indicators was extracted. In the next step, the effective components have been refined by fuzzy Delphi method and using the opinion of relevant experts and professors, and thus more than twenty indicators were removed from the set of identified indicators. The final model includes three main components including physical, social and environmental quality components and seventeen subindicators. Physical component indicators include density and compression, road network, public spaces and milestones, mixing of uses and functions and Urban infrastructure is more important than other components. Indicators of social dimension also include social interactions, job type, income level, level of specialization, education and level of education, family background and social status, identity and sense of belonging, variety of personal tastes and contradictions, and the degree to which social wealth is achieved.. Dimensions related to environmental quality include organization appropriate to performance and optimal density, social cohesion and solidarity, consultation and participation of urban users, mixed, flexible and multiple uses, social interactions and communication with others, social identity, sense of belonging and sense of spatial identity. And aggregate activities and access opportunities.

The realization of the motto of 1399 crucially depends on the formation of a culture that can create and foster the core values which support the leap of production. Failure to realize such values has led to the failure in creating this culture. Therefore, this study concerns the effective realization of the culture of production leap. Obviously, creating the culture of production leap requires identifying the influential factors in this regard. Accordingly, this study mainly aims at identifying and prioritizing the factors affecting the formation of production leap culture. In terms of purpose, this study is applied while in terms of data collection it is in the field of descriptive survey studies. The factors affecting the formation of the culture of production leap were identified through semi-structured interviews with 14 university professors and some managers of the Center for Strategic Evaluation and Supervision of the Implementation of the General Policies of the System according to the principle of Theoretical Adequacy. Data coding though qualitative content analysis using Atlas ti software led to the identification of 12 main categories. In the next step, the triangular fuzzy method was used to prioritize these factors. The statistical population in quantitative part consisted of all the senior managers of some food industry companies from which 45 managers were selected as the research sample. The result of the analysis of the questionnaires using the triangular fuzzy method showed that religious teachings, consumption culture, human capital, work culture, entrepreneurial culture, collectivism, think tanks, purposeful leadership, productivity culture, self-reliance, self-confidence, and competition orientation were the most influential factors in formation of  the culture of production leap. According to the findings, using in-service training courses for their employees, the managers of the studied food industry units can achieve core values such as religious teachings related to their business, avoiding extravagancies, and developing the necessary platform for promoting the quantity and quality of their products.