interpretive-structural modeling

The aim of this study was structural interpretive modeling of the sustainable development of sports destinations with an emphasis on tourists' behavior. The method of this research is mixed. The participants of this research were experts. The criteria for selecting experts in the qualitative section was theoretical saturation, and 17 people were selected using the purposeful sampling method and snowball strategy, then the people identified in the qualitative section were used for structural-interpretive analysis in the quantitative section. The data collection tool in the qualitative part was a semi-structured interview, and in the quantitative part, it was a 9x9 square matrix. For the validity and reliability of the results, the strategies of believability, transferability, verifiability, process audit study and intra-subject agreement of two coders were used. Qualitative data analysis was done with two stages of initial coding and focused coding, and quantitative data analysis was done with interpretive structural modeling and Mick Mac analysis. The findings showed 9 behaviors compatible with the sustainable development of sports destinations, based on the interpretive structural analysis, the relationship between the behaviors was categorized into 5 levels, and based on that, a hierarchical relationship model was created that shows the sustainable development of sports destinations through the reduction of resource consumption. And prevention of distortions of local culture can be predicted.

The aim of this research was to provide interpretive structural modeling of factors affecting the moral decision making of soccer players. The method of this research was mixed and its design was exploratory. The statistical population of this study consisted of men's and women's top league football players, 15 of whom were selected purposefully and based on theoretical saturation. A semi-structured interview was used to collect data in a qualitative study, and a questionnaire was used to collect information in a quantitative study. In order to check the audit of the research, the indicators of credibility, transferability, reliability and verifiability were used, and to analyze the data of the qualitative study, coding was used, and the interpretive structural analysis method (ISM) and ISM software were used for the quantitative study. As a result of qualitative data analysis, 74 final concepts, 14 sub-categories and five main categories affecting ethical decision-making were identified. As a result of the quantitative data analysis, it was found that the factors affecting ethical decision-making at the level of sub-categories consist of four layers, and among these, the organization environment, the professional environment, the living environment, the legal environment, and the fundamental values are among the most fundamental. They were layered. This result shows that in order to move in the complex path of ethical decision-making of football players, at the beginning of the path, the organizational, professional, life, legal and fundamental values needed by this phenomenon must be created

The purpose of this study was to designing the internal model of championship sport in Khuzestan province based on structural-interpretive modeling. This research was based on the purpose of the applied type and in terms of the depth of the scope, it was of the exploratory type. The method of conducting this research was qualitative. The target population included scientific elites (university professors) and experimental elites (sports managers at the level of responsible departments). The selection of the interviewees in the qualitative section was purposeful and 13 experts were interviewed. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. Acceptability, transferability and verifiability were used to determine reliability and the coefficient (86.20%) was obtained and the reliability of the interviews was confirmed. Micmac software was also used to draw the structural-interpretive model. After analyzing the interviews, 37 indicators were obtained in the form of 5 concepts in the field of weaknesses and 17 indicators in the form of 3 concepts in the field of strengths. The result of interpretative-structural modeling showed that the highest level of influence was related to the weak component of the management system and the highest level of influence was related to the weakness of sports economy. Considering the high impact of the weakness of the management system on other components, it is suggested that meritocracy along with effective supervision be implemented in the management structure.

The aim of this research was developing a quality model for performance evaluation in the Bowling, Billiards and Bowls Sports Federation. In this research, Delphi method was used which in the first stage - with qualitative and inductive approach - the data obtained from in-depth interviews with organizational and external experts (11 person) were analyzed using MAXQDA software and thematic analysis method. It led to the drawing and networking of endowment organization performance management themes (441 codes and 26 themes). In the second step - with a quantitative approach - the interpretive structural modeling (ISM) approach was used to structure the experts' views which is one of the soft operational research techniques. As a result, the final conceptual model was drawn by classifying themes from the first stage and exploring the relationships between them. The research findings include eight basic themes that determine performance: Leadership and management, Relationships, Membership, Financial management, Standardization, Positive image, Maintaining the value of sports in the community, and Staff training and skills. Also, 3 themes were identified as performance results, which included the three components of educational activities, internal and external competitions, and changes in the rules for establishing clubs. These 11 components are the components of the final research model. Finally, based on the components in the final model, practical suggestions such as the use of performance reports by managers, establishing manager relations with other federations and how to satisfy customers and employees were presented to managers.

The study is to designing a model for the development of citizenship sport in metropolitan areas of Iran turough interpretive structural modeling approach. The method was descriptive and applied in terms of purpose. The data collection was done in the field and in a mixed qualitative and quantitative manner. The statistical population included 18 experts in the qualitative section and 70 in the quantitative section, including managers and experts of the public sports office of the Ministry of Sports and Youth, officials of the federation and the board of public sports, and directors of municipal physical education in Iranian metropolises. The data was collected by reviewing the documents and opinions of experts and by Delphi method- a researcher-made questionnaire containing 16 factors in the development of citizenship sports. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 10 professors of sports management at the university and its results by Cronbach's alpha test (α = 0/86). Expert opinion, frequency percentage and interpretive structural modeling technique were used to structure the factors and design the model.The results showed that 16 effective factors identified on the development of citizenship sports were at 7 levels. Vision factors and macro management and comprehensive planning and management were placed at the underlying level of the model.In Conclusion, paying attention to citizenship sport should be in the macro directions of the government and the officials should take the necessary action to design and implement a comprehensive program for the development of citizenship sports.

Beach soccer is one of the emerging sports that has attracted the attention of most countries in the world. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the development of beach soccer in Iran. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to design an interpretive structural model of barriers to the development of beach soccer in Iran. This research is applied in terms of purpose and data collection was done in the field and in a mixed qualitative and quantitative manner. The statistical population in the quantitative part, including the officials of the beach soccer committee of the federation and the football delegations, the managers of the clubs and the coaches of the national beach soccer teams, was equal to 50 in total and in the qualitative part, 18 experts. Due to the limitation of members, the statistical sample was equal to the community. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire containing 16 items which was designed based on a comprehensive study of sources and opinions of the qualitative research sample and using the Delphi method. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 10 university professors and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha test (α = 0.88). Barriers were inserted in the form of structural self-interaction and a qualitative sample was provided as a questionnaire. ISM technique was used to level the obstacles and determine the priority of the action. Based on the findings, the obstacles were classified into seven levels. Obstacles to the lack of a development plan and the lack of attention of federation officials and football delegations to the development of beach soccer were at the basic level of the model. In general, it can be said that more attention of the officials of the Football Federation and the delegations on the design and implementation of the strategic plan will facilitate the removal of many intermediate and top obstacles of the model.

The purpose of this paper was to level the factors affecting the export performance of sports products to reach the global class with an emphasis on human resource development by employing interpretive-structural modeling. The current research is a mixture of developmental and applied. Based on the Galyzeri approach and deep interview with 15 people (sports marketing, economists, industrial management) in the NVIVO10 software environment, the main factors of the model were identified in the form of 92 open source, 13 selective and 5 theoretical codes, and then using the interpretive- The structure in the MATLAB2014 software Based on the Galyzeri approach and deep interview with 15 people (sports marketing, economists, industrial management) in the NVIVO10 software environment, the main factors of the model were identified in the form of 92 open source, 13 selective and 5 theoretical codes, and then using the interpretive- The structure in the MATLAB2014 software environment is the level and internal relationships between extraction factors and finally classified based on MICMAC analysis of power and dependency. The results showed that model factors are located in 5 levels and motivate people for human resources, trust building, organizational communication, training and human resource skills at the fifth level of the model and have the most impact on human resource development (level four), quality, Innovation, flexibility, cost reduction, time reduction, sales and after-sales services (third level), production and service in the world class (second level), world-class sports industry, and the empowerment of export performance of sports products (Level one) . In MICMAC analysis, human resource development factors (independent variables) that stimulate and motivate other factors. Based on the results of the research, successful and effective sports managers and marketers, by establishing effective communication mechanisms with individuals inside and outside the organization, identifying and educating people, empowering, motivating, and building trust can lead to the development of world-class human resources to the extent of empowerment The export performance of sports products and the boom in the production of Iranian sports goods are provided.by establishing effective communication mechanisms with individuals inside and outside the organization, identifying and educating people, empowering, motivating, and building trust can lead to the development of world-class human resources to the extent of empowerment The export performance of sports products and the boom in the production of Iranian sports goods are provided.

The purpose of this research was to design a model to identify factors that affect the organizational electronic readiness of the sport and youth offices of East Azerbaijan province. The research method is qualitative type by using structural-interpretive modeling approach. By reviewing the research literature and interviews with 15 experts (theorical saturation), seven categories of factors influencing the measurement of e-readiness, including political, technological, and individual and human resources, environmental, e-readiness business, organizational, and managerial readiness were identified and its content validity approved by 10 academic experts and professionals. Factors based on interpretive structural modeling were placed at five levels, based on which the graph of structural-interpretive modeling was designed. The results showed that at the highest level (fifth level) the political factor, the fourth level the technological factor, at the third level the model, the individual factor and manpower, at the second level, environmental factors and e-business space and at the first level (lowest level) were managerial, and organizational factors. Based on the research findings, these factors are effective on the organizational E-electronic. By analyzing MICMAC, the variables were identified in terms of dependence power and driver power in four clusters: autonomous, dependent, linkage, and driver/independent. The results showed that factors such as political and technological have a higher power of influence, and the influence of political dimension on E- readiness is more than the influence of technological dimension. It is recommended that these factors be consider for electronic readiness.

Empowering leadership is a style of leadership in which leaders can regulate and coordinate the distribution and exercise of power with subordinates to develop their independence and self-control. Empowering leaders motivate people to break passive mindsets, increase their responsibility, and be more accountable for the consequences of their actions. The purpose of this study is to design an interpretive structural model of empowering leadership antecedents in sports organizations. In this study, after studying the research literature and identifying the precedents of empowering leadership and including them in a semi-closed questionnaire based on the Likert scale, a questionnaire was distributed among 18 managers and experts of sports organizations in Kerman province. Snowballs were identified. According to the results obtained from the analysis of recent survey data, a total of 12 variables in 5 levels, the first level (leader trust in employees, leader relationship, self-efficacy, risk-taking and self-esteem), the second level (organizational climate), the third level (organizational structure, distance Power and avoidance of uncertainty), the fourth level (leader personality and desire for control) and the fifth level (gender) were identified as the precursors of empowering leadership.

With the arrival of investors and the injection of financial resources into Iranian football, it is a great opportunity to improve the quality of the clubs, but this opportunity can turn into a very serious threat in a particular situation The purpose of this study was to Investigating and identify the problems of entering the wealthy owners into Iranian football. This research is in terms of purpose in the field of applied research. To determine the sequence and relationships between identified elements with the Interpretive-Structural Modeling Approach, the views of the experts were used. According to the results of the interviews as well as the research literature, a set of these elements was identified (13 items). These factors using this technique, analysis and finally the relationship and sequence of indicators are obtained. The insight that this model offers to managers to help them improve their presence in the strategic planning and establish an appropriate ownership structure in the clubs.

The purpose of the present study was to understand the interpretive-structural model of the development of Iranian sport tourism. this is an application In terms of purpose With a mixed approach, that was done as a survey.The statistical population of this research was consist of both quantitative and qualitative levels. The qualitative population (N = 15) consisted of experts in tourism and sport tourism and sport management and the quantitative population (N = 30,000). The coaches and referees, the senior players and managers of the tournament, players and spectators were determined Using the Morgan table, that subjects were randomly selected as statistical ‎sample. In this study, with Browse Documents and interviews with experts, the factors of Iranian sport tourism are identified. Then, the relationships between factors were determined of Interpretive Structural Modeling. The instrument for data collection was two questionnaires. According to the results, 7 factors were identified as the most important factors. The factors of Infrastructure and utility are the one of the most important factors. In the interpretive structural model, the relationships between factors were determined first, and the effect of factors and effectiveness on factors were determined using Mic-Mac analysis.That government and legal factors with the power of influence have 6 highest effects on other factors.The results of this study help planners , To be able to make smarter decisions and choose the right path for the development of this industry.

Summary :

The research method in this work was a mixed quantity and quality one. In the qualitative part, the focus group in the form of the steering council express their views on how the strategies interact and causeand-effect relationships with each other in the form of interpretive structural modeling (ISM) symbols in their interactive strategy matrix (SSIM). These symbols are quantified in the initial access matrix, and through these hierarchical levels of strategies in the quadruple table, the final matrix map is identified, and according to the cause-and-effect relationships between them, the strategy map of the National Football Academy by the model method is presented. The levels formed from the fourth to the first level are the growth and learning perspective, customer-oriented internal processes perspective, stakeholder perspective, and financial perspective. These scenes correspond to the views of the balanced scorecard.

 The purpose of this work was to design a hierarchical design of the strategy map of the National Football Academy using the interpretive structural modeling (ISM). One of the distinguishing features of the Balanced Scorecard from the other methods is that it creates the cause-and-effect relationships in the strategy map between the strategies of each perspective. If the cause-and-effect relationships between the strategies are properly identified in the strategy map, a path is provided to the organization that describes and demonstrates how the strategies are implemented. Of course, despite the importance of determining the cause-and-effect relationships, a systematic method is required to determine these relationships, which is not mentioned in most articles related to the strategy map. In the recent years, one of the main problems of the country's football has been the excessive attention to the adult football and the lack of attention to the basic football. The missing link of the national championship sport is also an integrated and purposeful talent identification system according to the contents of the plan of the national sports community and other unrelated research works.

Methodology and Approach:  

The research method was a mixed quantity and quality one. In the qualitative part, the focus group in the form of the steering council express their views on how the strategies interact and cause-and-effect relationships with each other in the form of ISM symbols in their interactive strategy matrix (SSIM). The statistical population of this research work, which was equal to the statistical sample of the research work, was the same members of the steering council of the National Football Academy (N = 10).

These symbols were quantified in the initial access matrix, and through these hierarchical levels of strategies in the quadruple table, the final matrix map was identified, and according to the cause-and-effect relationships between them, the strategy map of the National Football Academy by the model method. The interpretive structural modeling (ISM) was drawn in 4 levels. In this map, the strategies related to each level were listed. In the first level, the financial strategy 2 strategies and in the second level or stakeholder perspective of one strategy, in the third level or the internal process strategy 4 strategies, and in the fourth level, the growth and learning perspective 3 strategies. Balanced Scorecard Scenes provided by Norton and Kaplan include Scenes of Growth and Learning, Internal Process, Customer, and Finance. The rationale for distinguishing a balanced score from other methods is that, firstly, there is a cause-andeffect relationship between the scenery and the strategies contained in the scenery, and secondly, these scenarios are at a hierarchical level. The method of interpretive structural analysis helped the researchers to determine their causal relationships by analyzing the relationship between two strategies. In general, the researchers were able to determine the causal relationship between all strategies in a ten in ten matrix, and extract and determine the levels of strategies. The concepts of strategies at different levels showed that the logic of BSC also governed the results of this work. The titles of the levels formed from the fourth to the first level are the growth and learning perspective, customer-oriented internal processes perspective, stakeholder perspective, and financial perspective. These scenes correspond to the views of the balanced scorecard.

The purpose of this study was to designing a strategy map of sport in Mohaghegh Ardabili University by synthesis of ISM model. Research method was Descriptive survey and applied of goal view. The population consisted of Strategic Council of university sport. Strategic Council members include president and two affaire of the University, manager and two experts of physical education management, and 3 members of the faculty of physical education.To designing a strategy map was used methods of Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) . sport strategies of university Was determined in Strategic Council meeting and Was set in the matrix in the form of a questionnaire, then was given to research samples. Interpretive Structural Model is a Interactive learning process where a set of different elements and structure are related to each other in a comprehensive and systematic model. The final model showed relationship between strategic goals in four levels . The designing this map is facilitators to implementing strategies to achieving development of healthy lifestyles in the students.

Crucial role government agencies in the occupation and budget on the one hand and the importance of productivity in recent years has caused the entrepreneurship issue specially intrapreneurship to the attention of the managers of these organizations. Organization of Youth Affairs and Sports as one of the country's strategic organizations can by implement this concept, has a great step in achieving its goals and mission. The purpose of this study is to provide a model for to achieve to intrapreneurship based on the affecting factors on this concept. The statistical population of this research is consist of 13 experts familiar with the matter who were selected based on a judgmental sampling. The results show that among 13 affecting factors on intrapreneurship, experts express 9 factors have more than 90% importance to achieve to intrapreneurship that based on these factors, "the general and specific environment," have the most important with the "strategy" and "characteristics of employees and managers" were identified as the foundation of ultimate model. The results can be used as the map of the organization management to achieve to intrapreneurship.

The aim of present study was to identify and prioritize factors in successful implementation of knowledge management in sports organizations, using interpretive structural approach model. The aim of present study is practical, its method and nature is descriptive - analytical. The population of this study had two parts so that in order to identify factors affecting organizational spirituality in Yazd university according to survey analytical models, a 250 sample of sports organizations including physical education, physical education office, sports federation employees were selected via stratified sampling and were discussed and analyzed. In the second part of the scheme in order to classify priority of the key factors identified, we cooperated with 10 experts who had mastered the respected scientific research on the subject. Factor analysis showed that 9 factors of management organizational structure, architecture, science, culture, human resources, information technology, knowledge processes, motivational rewards and content knowledge are considered as the key success factors in the implementation of knowledge management in sports organizations. Structural interpretation of model results also showed that the management agent has highest leverage and least dependency to other 8 key factors.