فهرست مطالب احمد میرزایی

"Supervision and Control", as an essential part of any Anti-Money Laundering Management System, is of great importance in preventing and combating the purification of criminal proceeds. Since the Financial Action Task Force, recommended countries and those subject to anti-money laundering laws to adopt a "Risk-Based Approach" and considered it as a fundamental principle in combat money laundering, by adopting such an approach in the national and intra-organizational supervisory and control structure, it is possible to identify the highest risks and to direct resources according to priorities. Considering the importance of the matter, in this research, by studying the documents and recommendations issued by FATF and Iran's Anti-Money Laundering Law (amended 2018), in a descriptive-analytical method, while identifying and explaining the standards of adopting a risk-based approach in anti-money laundering supervisory and control structure with a view to draw a road map, the legislative position of Iran will be analyzed in this regard. In conclusion, by identifying the components of adopting a standard risk-based approach and studying Iran's legislative approach, the results show that in Iran's anti-money laundering supervisory and control structure, with the formation of the necessary institutions, the adoption of a risk-based approach has been considered at both national and intra-organizational levels, and its manifestation can be seen in the prediction of "National Risk Assessment Workgroup", "National Risk Assessment Document" and "Action Plan".

The increasing use of distributed generation sources in microgrids causes problems when a fault occurs, including an increase in the level of short-circuit current in the microgrid and consequently it causes disturbances in the system after fixing the fault. In this paper, using a novel method, the installation location and the optimal resistance value of the resistive superconducting fault current limiter in the microgrid are determined by considering the energy losses in the resistive superconducting fault current limiter, the requirements of low voltage ride through of the doubly fed induction generator and the interrupting capacity of circuit breakers. Also, a mathematical model of resistive superconducting fault current limiter is presented, which by simulating and placing it in the microgrid and applying various types of faults in different points of the microgrid, the effectiveness of the proposed resistive superconducting fault current limiter in reducing the short circuit current level of the microgrid, the impact of simultaneous use of resistive superconducting fault current limiter and auto recloser in significant decreasing of disturbances after Fixing the fault and improving the requirements of low voltage ride through of the doubly fed induction generator are approved. Finally, the analytical comparison of the proposed method with other studies conducted in this field is examined and proves its effectiveness.

The increase in business transactions has been accompanied by a rise in the abuse of the international trade system by criminal organizations to transform their illegal revenues into apparently legitimate earnings. Due to its extensiveness and complexity, the international trade system is vulnerable to money laundering. Trade-based money laundering has interested many anti-money laundering (AML) institutions, especially the FATF, because of its hidden angles and mysterious methods. Different countries are internationally committed to fighting against money laundering, for this crime has many adverse effects on the integrity of financial markets. Hence, this descriptive-analytical study aims to identify the most prevalent methods of abusing the international trade system and identify the most vulnerable sectors to trade-based money laundering by reviewing the reports and investigations conducted by the major AML institutions worldwide. Next, Iran’s commercial system is analyzed to investigate fundamental challenges threatening the business sector due to trade-based money laundering in Iran. The research results showed that economic rents emerge as a result of Iran’s currency policies and international sanctions which have made foreign trade prone to crimes and money laundering. Therefore, attempts at lifting sanctions and redesigning economic policies, especially in business and currency sectors, can play a key role in preventing and combating the abuse of the international trade system for money laundering.

Philosophical explanation of religious concepts is one of the missions of Islamic philosophy. What was known as reincarnation before Mulla Sadra is just the worldly reincarnation (tanāsukh mulkī) in the sense of removal of the soul from one body and its transference into another one. For explaining some of the religious concepts, Mulla Sadra fabricated another term for incarnation: celestial reincarnation (tanāsukh malakūtī), expositing many religious discussions and mystical experiences by using it. Here, we have firstly dealt with the special foundations of Mulla Sadra’s philosophy that help us in explaining the concept of reincarnation and its various types; then, we have stated his philosophical explanation of celestial reincarnation. Afterwards, we have investigated those Quranic verses that show various types of reincarnation. Finally, we have summarized the discussions related to reincarnation in traditions.

The explanation of revelation and ascension in Mulla Sadra’s view is tied to the concept of revelation and intuitive knowledge; therefore, in this study, we have examined these related concepts. Mulla Sadra did not explain his views on each of these concepts in a systematic way and in one text. However, we can get a clear picture of his view on this subject matter by examining and categorizing his collection of words.  For him, ascension is the result of sincere deeds that strengthen the mystic’s soul and prepare the ground for his connection to the transcendental world and unity with supreme causes. Since, according to Mulla Sadra, all existence is the existence of a single person, the mystic can dominate the orders of existence with this spiritual evolution. From this viewpoint, revelation is merely a kind of formal apocalypse and ascension is also explainable, and Mulla Sadra sought to answer some doubts about the physical ascension of the Prophet by using some philosophical findings such as an ideal body.

The purpose of the study is to identify and model the competencies of managers at the level of the Islamic Revolution.The purpose of applied research and how to collect information is part of mixed research. The sample size was estimated to be 20 in the qualitative section with theoretical saturation and 196 in the quantitative section based on Morgan's table.The sample selection in the qualitative section was purposeful sampling and in the quantitative section was stratified random sampling.The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by using the opinions of several experts, the calculation of the slope and the calculation of the square root of the AVE.The reliability of the questionnaire was 0.86 through Cronbach's alpha for the whole questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha tests, tangent's analysis, root matrix,confirmatory factor analysis, Pearson correlation and t-test were used for analysis.The results identified 41 components and 156 indicators that include 4 effective dimensions of general management competencies,general media management, radio and television media management and revolutionary management and 5 effective dimensions of organizational performance improvement, organizational development, organizational entrepreneurship, job satisfaction and increased commitment.Other results showed that the current situation of the components identified in the role of social capital in the success of entrepreneurship is desirable.Mechanisms, facilitators and obstacles to the competence of managers at the level of the Islamic Revolution were also presented in the media.The central phenomenon, facilitators,obstacles and effective mechanisms were presented to explain the characteristics of the level managers of the Islamic Revolution in the field of culture and media.

One of the biggest problems in the field of transportation is the transportation of cargo with illegal tonnage, which many truck drivers do for various reasons. The main purpose of this study is to identify the drivers that affect the behavioral tendency of truck drivers to carry unlicensed tonnage with a structural-interpretive modeling approach.

 

This research is applied based on the purpose and descriptive based on data collection. Also, in terms of dealing with the problem, it is of the (quantitative) modeling type, which uses interpretive structural modeling for analysis. This research has been carried out in two phases, in the first phase, thirteen drivers were selected through literature review, and in the second phase, interpretive structural modeling has been used. The statistical population of the present study is truck drivers who have more than 20 years of experience in this job and have at least three heavy vehicles. The sampling method in this study was purposive sampling and 15 people were selected as a sample in this study.

An interpretive structural approach has been used to level the components. In this section, 15 people were selected as a sample and questionnaires of interpretive structural method were sent to them and grading was done through ISM method, which are located in seven levels of variables.

The results of the interpretive structural method showed that the propellants were placed in seven levels. Personal problems, the lack of deterrent crimes and the motive of profiteering are in the first level and the fights with traffic officials are in the seventh leve

In recent years, money-laundering offence has seen a surge in interest from the international community and the national legal systems as an important conduit for financing terrorism. Against this backdrop, FATF has formulated minimum standards and urged the states to comply with them, hoping to prevent and combat money-laundering while at the same time encouraging the countries to criminalize it in their domestic laws. Money-laundering takes place in a diverse variety of ways, and has many particularities. This has deeply troubled judicial authorities engaged in prosecution and proof of the offence. In 2018, the FATF set up an educational workshop to instruct judicial authorities from different countries on the imperative standards in judicial prosecution and proof of money-laundering. It also provided points on the issue of Mens rea and the modification of the principle of innocence and emphasized that proving money-laundering does not depend on proving the primary offence. In addition to explicating the standards mentioned above, this article aims to explore Iran’s legislative-judicial approach to criminal policy by the use of the descriptive-analytical method. It seeks to elucidate the extent to which current practices are in line with these standards, and also shed light on the existing drawbacks and lacunae. To achieve this goal, the principles and the framework of Iran’s criminal policy in Anti-Money Laundering Law adopted in 2008 (amended in 2018) and its executive guidelines, as well as consultative views of the legal department of the judiciary and a number of judgments of the courts of justice are discussed. The article then concludes that Iran’s legislative-judicial criminal policy has adhered to the FATF’s standards in some regards, while defying these standards in other cases, thereby creating drawbacks and lacunae, notably in judicial prosecution of money-laundering.

James Bellamy, a former professor of Arabic literature at the University of Michigan and one of the greatest claimants of “textual criticism” and “correction of the official text of the Qur’an”, through citing  a narration from Imam Ali (AS) who after listening to the verse 56: 29 (و طلح منضود) denied the existence of the word “talh” in the Qur’an and despite the narrator’s request he considered the change of the Qur’an against the expediency, argues that this narration proves the definite existence of errors in the present text of the Qur’an. He believes that commentators, particularly the Companions including Imam Ali (AS), presumed the existence of errors in the text of the Holy Qur’an. Since this tradition is one of the reasons argued by James Bellamy to confirm the presumption of the existence of errors in the Holy Qur’an, this study examines its sanad (chain of transmitters) and content (implications) to show how scientific and reliable it is. Accordingly, reliable and important exegetical, rijāl and historical sources are used, as well as, the sayings of famous Islamic scholars are also referred. Additionally, as the issue of the existence of Qur’anic errors is a very important matter and has very serious effects, it should be examined that James Bellamy’s arguments have scientific accuracy and stability or his claim is a false premise that lacks sufficient evidence and, hence, his subsequent arguments and the amendment would be incorrect and unscientific.

In this research, consultation and recitation, which are two decision-making strategies in Islamic and Quranic culture, were reviewed. Contemplation and recitation are two of the great gifts of God, the Merciful, which can be a way for man when he is astonished and confused. These two things, like other things in our lives, need to observe a series of principles and conditions for the initial beginning, which if they are not done by observing their customs and conditions, not only do not lead man astonished, but also lead him astray. Therefore, in the present article, issues such as what and why recitation and consultation are and their place in verses and hadiths and their status are discussed. To answer these cases, descriptive research method is used and by referring to written and unwritten sources and Internet sites, the necessary materials have been collected.

In this research, what is the suspicion, harms and threats of bad suspicion against the individual and society and ways to get out of its dangers, and in contrast to the opportunities that good suspicion creates and its individual and social, worldly and otherworldly fruits. In addition, we have determined its limits in the holy Shari'a and tradition, and especially by examining it in the words of Imam Ali Descriptive research method was used to investigate the above cases and by referring to written and unwritten sources and the site, the necessary materials have been collected. What can be named as the result of this research is that: thought, like other blessings of God Almighty, if it moves in its divine path and proceeds under divine management and under the commands of Sharia, is a very important internal factor for human progress and moving towards God Almighty. But if it is managed by the devil and is ruled by the human soul, it becomes a deadly poison for the human soul and the Islamic society.

The Law on Criminal Procedure of the Armed Forces was adopted in 2014 and was implemented in the year. The need to change the nature of inherent jurisdiction in the new Law on Criminal Procedure of the Armed Forces as well as the confusion of judicial authorities for accurate legislative behavior under the new law Until this research is written with the aim of examining the status of inherent jurisdiction in the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Armed Forces and with a descriptive-analytical method.

This research is a descriptive-analytical type and the method of collecting information was through taking notes, and collecting information from existing books, treatises and researches.

As a result of this realization, the structure and jurisdiction of military courts as a special authority for the investigation of military crimes is not specified in the new Code of Criminal Procedure, but in a plan called "Criminal Procedure Code of the Armed Forces and Electronic Procedure". And the jurisdiction of these courts has been determined. The main criterion in general should be said that the legislative approach in the adoption of the Law on Criminal Procedure of the Armed Forces and Electronic Trial has been on the integration of military judicial authorities. The establishment of one and two military courts, prosecutors' offices and wartime appeals courts are among the achievements of the new structure of the armed forces courts.

The aim of this study was to investigate the requirements and pathology of the consequences of formal reactions to social deviations.

This research has been done by the method of library studies and in a descriptive-analytical method, which has been obtained and analyzed by referring to Quranic, narrative and scientific texts.

One of the most important and fundamental concerns of officials and families is the fate and future of children and adolescents. There is. Attention to incoming cases to judicial authorities and correctional centers exposes us to the bitter reality that, unfortunately, a significant number of children and adolescents have fallen victim to social deviations.

In the discourse of criminal policy, the criminal phenomenon is divided into two main categories of crime and perversion. In the meantime, the appropriate and accurate response to the deviation should be left to the civil society in order to achieve a positive result through informal means of social control, which is to re-socialize the deviants. Criminal policy, in the best sense, can then achieve its goals by being able to respond to the criminal phenomenon by using appropriate response authorities, and obviously, if the authorities are not used in their original place, they will have to wait for the criminal policy crisis

Advertising is the most fashionable and used way to introduce products and services to the market. Radio has long been one of the most important and widely used media tools for advertising. In this research, we are going to make a comparative study on the desirable and existing situation of the commercial advertisements in provincial radio stations by carefully examining them. To achieve our purpose, at first, we did a semi-structured interview together with a library study, then, the documents were tried-out to collect a set of rules and regulations for the production and broadcast of advertisements in the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting. Subsequently, an optimal broadcast pattern was extracted by using thematic analysis method. Thus, by using the content analysis method, the commercial ads on the provincial radio of the Hormozgan capital (Voice of Persian Gulf) were reconciled with the optimal pattern that was obtained in the first phase of the research. Surprisingly, it was found that many of the contents and structural features do not match with principles of Khalij Fars (Persian Gulf) radio. Finally, a model consisting of two parts containing both the content and structural features were extracted. Content features of the research are as follows: features of Supervisory & Assessment Department, Commercial Division of IRIB, and Experts of Media & Advertising. Structural features include: Production & Voice Persons (Actors).

The present study aims at gaining a general image of God’s relationship with the universe. According to Avicenna, as compared with what we find in the Shiite hadiths, we have come up with an explanation of this relationship. Indeed, if we consider many of the discussions of Islamic philosophy in relation to other discussions, we would come up with an explanation of the subject of this study.
Altogether, we investigated Avicenna’s view as well as related hadiths and compared the rational worldview with the worldview taken from hadiths to conclude that some of the axes of Avicenna’s rational worldview are not in line with what we find in hadiths. This, however, has been resolved to some extent in the views presented by later philosophers, and we see some sort of convergence between the worldview taken from the intellect and the worldview taken from the hadiths in later philosophers.

Radio is one of the most ​​useful means of media communication in times of crisis. Local radio stations have an even bigger impact on news and information, due to their monopoly on local news, direct access to crisis, quick access to reliable local resources, and easy access to rare and momentary information. In addition, more local citizens have access to local radio stations than anything else. Such parameters make local radio stations an essential tool for agencies in dealing with hazards and crisis management.
In the early days of Nowruz 1398, two rainfall systems within a week spanned the country's western and southwestern provinces. Given that during the first system rains, the water level in the dams of Karkheh, Dez and Karoon rivers was flooded and flooded Lorestan province, with the second wave of precipitation prediction. The most concern for the Khuzestan province was created, when there was a high probability of water overflow, rivers flooding, flooding of Khuzestan plain and so on. With this forecast, Khuzestan province entered the pre-crisis phase, when the onset of this rainstorm brought the province into crisis and declared a state of emergency. Therefore, how the crisis media management and coverage, on local radio (Khuzestan Radio) as one of the effective media during the crisis, was studied from 4 April to 21 April by qualitative content analysis method with the analytical-descriptive approach.
Flooding is one of the most complex and destructive natural phenomena that cause a lot of damage every year. [1] Most unexpected natural disasters and the need for rapid and accurate decision-making and implementation of operations provide a process and knowledge called "crisis management" that includes a set of activities before, after, and when disasters occur to reduce impacts and possible vulnerabilities of disasters [2].
Radio as a communication device has proven itself well. According to UNESCO (2013), one of the prominent features of radio is its high level of influence so that radio can affect more than 95% of the audience and it also creates a high level of trust [3].
Today, in the age of communication and information, and with the advancement of technology, radio has played a significant role alongside other media in crisis management [4]. Khojasteh (2005) considers the role of the media in the management and control of each crisis, especially in natural disasters, consisting of three basic stages: pre-crisis training (exposure phase), during a crisis (support and correction), and after a crisis.

The method used in this study is a combination of qualitative content analysis and descriptive-analytical approach. Holsty introduces content analysis, including any kind of research technique for making inferences by systematically and objectively identifying specific features of messages [5]. The qualitative content analysis emphasizes the symbolic, discursive, contextual, or narrative dimensions of media texts [6].
Qualitative content analysis methods with the inductive approach have been used to derive planning categories based on flood crisis issue in Khuzestan province.
The Statistical Society in this study was all programs of this network during the crisis period from April 4 to April 21.
Sampling

The purposeful sampling research is to select all the programs that cover the crisis in the target period. In this study, we used two methods of triangulation and validation by participants that are common in qualitative methods to increase validity.

In the "pre-crisis" phase, the topic of the crisis was dealt with in the form of "speaker and presenter", "news", "expert and guest", "reporting" and "public communication". Overall, the templates used at this stage did not have good timing and versatility, and they should have used other programming templates as well.
Table 1. Categories and Subcategories
main category
pre-crisis measures
Sub-issues
information and training
Used items
Special Issues
Related and Warning forms
Use of New Formats
Communication with Other Centers
Considering the Critical Role
How to Access RadioPay
attention to all areas
 

The results of the studies show that the sound of the center of Khuzestan, with comprehensive coverage of the crisis, showed to its audience that it was aware of the crisis and that the audience understood the crisis and were aware of their difficulties to make effort to help them. In the "during crisis" phase, although crisis-related programs were broadcast from the center all the time, overall the templates used were not well-diversified, and they were appropriate to use other programming formats.
Table 2. Categories and Subcategories
The main category
Functions during the crisis
Sub categories
Comprehensive coverage
Fighting gossip
Media Interactions
Special molds
Observe the principle of honesty
Paying attention to cultural heritage
Quick notification
Speed of communication and type of communication
Pay attention to specific times

In the "post-crisis" phase, as in the previous two stages, the templates used lacked diversity and timeliness, and report formats and roundtables had a greater share of crisis-focused programs.
Table 3. Categories and Subcategories
The main category
Post-crisis measures
Sub categories
Strengthening solidarity
How to handle responsible organizations
Notification to reduce alarm
Holding a roundtable
Restore mental health
Keep track of promises

The Khuzestan flood was one of the few crises in the country that had given the necessary warning to various centers a few days earlier. The media, and especially the local media, played a key and unworkable role in controlling and managing the flood. In the early moments of Khuzestan radio, however, the crisis started to take its toll and the focus was on planning.
The results indicate that Khuzestan Radio has been programmed in three stages of this study during the crisis. In the pre-crisis phase, it focused on issues such as "information and education" and "specialty allocation" and it was appropriate to "deal with other centers that have experienced this crisis and have experience in the field", "Attention to all areas of the province", "Training on how to access radio in times of crisis". In the "during the crisis" phase, the following categories of "attention to particular times", "speed of communication and type of communication", "prompt information", "observance of the principle of honesty", "media interactions", "fight against rumors" were appropriately compensated. It was also worthy of attention under the heading of "attention to cultural heritage" and in the "post-crisis" phase of this radio in paying attention to the sub-categories of "strengthening solidarity", "how to deal with responsible organizations", "restoring mental health" and "Information to Reduce Alarms" has taken a good approach.

Gas separation by polymer-based membranes, has many applications in various fields particularly gas refinery, petrochemical industries and environmental protection. With the growing interests in this technology, a new type of membranes as mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) have been fabricated in order for employing the advantages of both polymeric and inorganic materials, simultaneously. The metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) incorporated in polymer matrix indicated a desirable gas separation performance. In the present study, first, the structure of MOFs, their role in the membrane and gas transfer mechanism is studied. Then, the recent studies on MOFs/polymer MMMs and the effects of factors on their gas separation performance are reviewed.

One of the most important factors that contribute to the loss of human power, especially the young and active population, is an important phenomenon of delinquency, which has now become the subject of many countries, including Iran. On the other hand, the role of the press and, in general, the well-deserved position of the media in the development of thoughts and the creation of a suitable atmosphere for dialogue and the sound and constructive treatment of opinions, as well as the importance that the mass media have in promoting the level of awareness and excellence of culture and general knowledge, One of the most important factors for cultural development is the signs of the dynamism and mobility of each society.

The method of this research is descriptive-survey. In addition to the use of books, materials were collected from related articles. Also, a questionnaire technique was used. For this purpose, the information was extracted using the information contained in the questionnaire for our study group with a sample size of 384 people in Bushehr city and analyzed using SPSS software.

The results of this research using regression coefficient showed that increasing the level of the study of the press and increasing the freedom of the print and digital media, as well as the freedom to access information and the freedom to disseminate information on effective prevention of crime, has a significant relationship with Prevention of Delinquency. But the current level of use of the press by the Bushehr people does not have a meaningful effect on the prevention of crime

The application ofpatent co-word map analysis in disclosure of technical knowledge associated with the electrical field of Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV).
It is a descriptive research. The co-word analysis technique is used to map AUV and Delphi method to obtain experts’ views. The patents containing the term “Autonomous Underwater Vehicle” were retrieved from Google patent and Lens. To find related patents, keyword and class were searched together. Finally, 223 patents were retrieved.
Subjective maps help in better understanding and act as an introduction to electrical aspects of AUV. To experts with a previous knowledge of the field, the maps can be used as a starting point to learn technical knowledge. Also, the maps can be useful if they turn to a road map, otherwise they are not applicable in promoting experts’ knowledge.
Maps derived from co-word analysis must be regarded from two viewpoints of novices and experts.

The current research aims at studying the conceptual relationship between the science and technology documents through the comparison of vocabularies that are used within the patents and the papers in the field of Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUV). The research method is descriptive. To perform the research, the patents were retrieved from Google Patents and Lens websites, and the papers from IEEE Explore database. A hybrid keyword-class method was used to conduct the search. It means that the search query was consisted of "Autonomous Underwater Vehicle" keyword and “H” class. The titles and the abstracts of the patents and the papers were automatically indexed through a semi-automatic method. This resulted in 195 keywords for patents and 114 ones for papers. Co-occurrence matrices of these two sets of keywords were created through RavarMatrix software. The hierarchical maps of keywords were drawn by SPSS. Findings show that 65 percent of papers’ keywords are those that occurred within the patents but 23 percent of patents’ keywords are similar to the papers’. The structural comparison of patents and papers clustering’s also revealed that the structural proximity between patents and papers vocabularies is equal to zero. The other finding showed that the similarity between the members of ego networks of prominent keywords is for two cases zero and for others fewer than 15 percent except for the keyword “data”. It may be concluded that the science is affected by technology in the field of AUV.

Due to both safety and economic issues¡ exhaustive and optimal design of the grounding system of high voltage substations is one of the most important¡ expensive¡ sensitive¡ and complicated problems of the high voltage substations. In this paper¡ a novel designing method is proposed which consist of seven fundamental steps. The method is based on the ANSI/IEEE Std. 80-2000 standard. Most of the parameters affecting the safety and economic costs are considered as the optimization variables which are set by using smart method. The grounding system is designed by defining an appropriate objective function which contains the essential parameters that affects the relevant cost. Moreover¡ an optimization technique known as random search algorithm is suggested in order to solve the associated nonlinear problems with nonlinear boundary conditions. As a practical case study¡ we implemented the proposed method for designing of the grounding system of a high voltage substation in Taft city and a 230/63 kV high voltage substation. The system was also designed using a usual approach which is based on the ANSI/IEEE Std. 80-2000 standard along with the trial and error method. Our comparison study¡ confirm the superiority of the proposed method from both safety and economic points of view.

Co-word analysis of patents is a technique in scientometrics that leads to determine the concepts and hierarchies associated with a technology. The current research aims at determining the themes of Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) through co-word analysis of patents. Google Patents and Lens (two patent databases) were searched and 223 patents were retrieved at the first step. Semi-automatic indexing of these patents resulted in 1975 index-term. The co-occurrence matrix for these index-terms created through Ravar-Matrix. Their betweeness centralities were determined by UciNet. In the next step، those terms with betweeness centrality equal to zero were put aside and 708 terms remained as a result. This guarantees the validity of terms related to the electricity of AUV technology. Finally the terms were mapped through NetDraw. Findings show that the most central subject terms for the electricity of the AUV technology include: communication systems، acoustic signals، signal transmission، navigation، control systems، antenna، cathode، sonar systems، sonar images، power systems، sensors، coordinate systems، propulsion systems، and power supply. The trends of AUV literature review confirm these results.