mostafa eghlima

The present research was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of positivism group training on changing the attitude towards drugs among at-risk male adolescents.

The current study was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population included all at-risk male adolescents living in the outskirts of the city of Kermanshah in 2021, of which 30 people were selected by the convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into two experimental (n= 15) and control (n= 15) groups. Participants in both groups completed the attitude towards drugs questionnaire. Positivism group training was presented to the experimental group in eight 90-minute sessions, with the frequency of one session per week. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance.

The results showed that the positivism group training positively affected the components of attitude towards drugs (effects, risks, and substance use) and reduced positive attitude towards drugs among the participants of the experimental group.

According to the results of the present research, positivism training can be used as an effective way to reduce the positive attitude towards drugs in at-risk adolescents. Therefore, it is suggested that positivism training be included in the list of early prevention programs for substance use disorders in schools, universities, and educational centers.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction group training on self-esteem in women with substance use disorder.

The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design with a control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all women with substance use disorder referred to injury reduction centers in Kermanshah in 2019. Among them, a center was selected with convenience method and 75 women with substance use disorder were screened using the Rosenberg standard self-esteem questionnaire. Then, 30 women who scored lower and had a lower level of self-esteem than the others were selected and randomly assigned into the experimental group (n= 15) and the control group (n = 15). Participants in the experimental group received mindfulness-based stress reduction training and the control group's participants did not receive any interventions. The demographic information questionnaire and the Rosenberg standard self-esteem questionnaire were used to collect the data.

The results of the analysis of covariance showed that mindfulness-based stress reduction group training improved the self-esteem level in women with substance use disorder.

It can be concluded that mindfulness-based stress reduction training can be used as a way to improve and enhance self-esteem in women with substance use disorder.

The purpose of this study was to review the sources and studies on couple’s sexual satisfaction and the related factors.

 A systematic review was used in this study. The literature was searched in the following Iranian electronic databases: Google scholar, Iran Medex, Magiran, Scientific Information Database (SID), Iranian Research Institute for Information Science (IRANDOC), Novin Pajouh, and Islamic World Science Citation Center (ISC). After analysis of 117 papers and exclusion of irrelevant articles, 35 full texts were assessed and finally 22 articles were selected for analysis.

The related factors of sexual satisfaction were classified into five groups: physiological, physical, psychological, personal and demographic, communication, and social factors. Most studies are focused on examining the impact of different therapeutic and counseling approaches and few studies are concentrated on the role of macro-structural, social, religious, and cultural factors.

Identifying factors related to sexual satisfaction from different social, religious, cultural, personal, and communicative dimensions help to better understand the subject and guide people for a more sustainable life.

Sexual satisfaction was one of the primary issues in marital life, but there are always factors that affect this satisfaction and affect the personal and social well-being of families. This study was aimed to investigate factors that may decrease couples' sexual satisfaction through a qualitative research.

This study was a qualitative content analysis research. Purposeful sampling was used and after in-depth and open-ended interviews with 12 couples (12 female and 12 male), their experiences were analyzed through a thematic method.

Findings revealed that the reasons of sexual satisfaction reductions include personal deficits (cognitive distortions and inattention), interpersonal conflicts (interpersonal interference, weak interpersonal communication skills), and socioeconomic challenges (Fear of being labeled, economic shortages, and lack of skilled interveners).

This qualitative research clarified some socio-cultural factors contributing to sexual satisfaction. The findings may have implication in the area of programming and planning for family health.

Empowering in social work is an intervention strategy for helping families that have risk factors in their mental health. This study evaluated the effect of an empowering model on improving the mental health of women with husbands who have chronic mental disease. In this experimental research study (pre-test, post-test and follow-up design with control group), 40 women whose husbands lived with chronic mental disease and were clients of Farshchian hospital in 2012 were selected and randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The experimental group attended eight sessions of empowerment training and the control group received no intervention. The SCL-90 Questionnaire was used to gather information on the mental health of the participants. To examine significances, variance analyses (ANOVA) and Tukey tests were used. The findings indicated that the empowering modelhad a significant effect on the improvement of women’s mental health in the experimental group in comparison with the control group on the SCL-90-R Questionnaire (P=0/01) in both the posttest and follow-up. The empowering model for improving the mental health of women whose husbands had chronic mental disease was effective and could potentially improve the quality of life of both patients and their families.