null null

Cakes are baked products highly appreciated by the consumers worldwide. Regardless of the number of functions performed by egg proteins in improving cakes, the current trend is to reduce the egg content or to replace eggs in order to diminish the total production cost and also satisfy consumers with specific dietary restrictions or needs.

In this study, physicochemical and organoleptical properties of shortened cake prepared by substitution of egg with different levels of whey protein concentrate and modified starch in the formulation were evaluated. WPC at levels of 25%,50%,100% and modified starch at levels of 25%,50%,100%, were considered as variable treatments.

The results of these experiments showed that Batter Viscosity, Batter Specific volume, Cake hardness, Cake moisture, Cake volume and Cake height, have a meaningful difference as compared to the control sample in all the cases examined (P<0.05). Also pH values of the cake don’t have a meaningful difference as compared to the control sample in all the cases examined (P>0.05). All of sensory properties have a meaningful difference as compared to the control sample in all the cases examined (P<0.05).

It was concluded that WPC alone was an appropriate substitution for egg. Although modified starch alone was not an appropriate substitution for egg, the application of modified starch at levels of 25 and 50% along with WPC could be an appropriate substitution for egg while maintaining sensory properties and improving the physicochemical properties of eggless cake.Keywords: cake, modified starch, whey protein concentrate

This study was conducted to identify and study the communities structure of adhesive organisms or the fouling of 13 years old artificial reefs on the coast of Bahrakan along the west of the Persian Gulf. fouling sample was collected seasonally from spring 2016 to winter 2016 from 4 sampling sites using quadrates 25 × 25 cm by diving operation. Based on the biomass (wet weight), Anthozoa corals with 88% of the total biomass, contain the most adhesive mass, followed by sponges (10%) and hydrozoa corals and Arthropod with 1% of the total biomass. The spring season showed the highest average rate, which was due to the biomass of the Antozoa group with 89% in this season. Based on the cluster test, the two winter and autumn seasons have a similar percentage of 80% and the summer and spring seasons show a similar percentage of 50%. Also, based on cluster analysis of two structures A, D, the similarity level of 45% and B, C indicate the similarity level of 80%

the present mixed Research has been implemented with the aim of identifying The duties and roles of school principals in strengthening and developing Thriving at Work among Teachers and evaluating the existent status of of khoramabad schools. in qualitative section, by using purposeful and snow-ball sampling, some famous, experienced and excellent teachers and Principals, who according to parents' and administrators' report can be regarded as enjoying thriving at work, were selected and interviewed. 28 indicators and 6 dimensions were recognized by using content analysis and coding procedure of interviews. In the quantitative section of this Research, based on the identified indicators and dimensions a valid and reliable questionnaire was developed and completed by325 teachers. By exploratory factor analysis, 28 indicators were indentified and were classified into 6 factors (stimulating teachers, its creation of opportunities to enhance knowledge, school atmosphere, aducation supplies, the opportunity to choose and playing role model). In the next step, confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the measurement model of latent variable has good fit with observed data. In the next phase, According to the results of one-sample t-test, the six factors of The duties and roles of school principals in strengthening and developing Thriving at Work among Teachers were evaluated as moderate and meaningful.

Old parts of the cities were the best and good urban neighborhoods in the past time. These areas have many monuments elements today. For measuring and identifying of degradation and prioritize of worn- out urban texture is use to decision making methods. The present research problem is abundance and prioritizing of worn- out texture in Gorgan neighborhoods. The extent of this part of Gorgan is about 150 hectares, equivalent to 5 percent. This research is an applied work with descriptive- analytical methodology. This research data are obtained from field survey and documentary and library studies and using of the statistical block of the census in 2011. In this research, the historic and worn- out neighborhoods of Gorgan have been prioritized with using of (WASPAS) decision-making techniques. Shannon entropy method has been used to weigh indices and to evaluate the effect of each index. The results of this research show that Bazaar and Shirkosh neighborhoods with 1.4090 points are ranked first and with good conditions. Shahzadeh Ghasem neighborhood with 3328.0 points, Bagpalang neighborhood with 2916/0 points, Sarkhajahe neighborhood with 2746/0 points, Mikhchegaran neighborhood with 2342/0 points are ranked from second to fifth, this areas have good conditions and urban housing indices. Sarpir and Dabaghan neighborhoods with 2322/0 points, Maydan Abbasali with 2214/0 points, Mirkarim and Nohtan neighborhoods with 2054/0 points, Nahlbandan and Passarv with 0/600 points, Darbeno and Doshanbehi with 1716/0 points, Sabzeh Mashhad, Sarcheshmeh and Chaharshanbehi neighborhoods with 1668/0 points, have ranked from sixth to eleventh.

In order to investigate the effect of plant growth promotiong rhizobacteria (PGPR) on yield and yield components of seed tubers of cultivation mini-tubers Potato, a Factorial experiment was caried out by based on complete randomized design at agriculurtal and natural resources research staition of Ardabil in 2016. The First factor included mini-tubers of three cultivars of potato: Agria, Khavaran, and Marfona:,The second factor included four treatments of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) (Azospirillum, Seudomonas and combination of two bacteria). Results showed that interaction of experimental factors was significant for all traits except biological yield and tuber diameter. Maximum of tuber yiled was observed in interaction effect of application of tow bacteria × cultivars. That did not have significant difference with cultivars of Agria and Khavaran. Maximum of number and weight of tuber were observed at Marfona×two bacteria. Maximum of tuber diameter was observed at Marfona. Maximum of plant height and number of main branch were observed at Agria, Khavaran and Azospirillum× Seudomonas bacteria. Maximium of biological yield was observed at combination of two bacteria. Minimum of this trait was observed in treatment without insemination. Maximum numbers of days to emergencation, number of days to stolon, formation, number of days to tuberization were obtined in Marfona and condition of application Azospirillum. Minimum of those traits were observed in Khavaran and condition whithout insemination.

The Matricaria chamomile are medicinal and aromatic plants belonging to the Asteraceae family, which have many pharmaceutical properties. Salicylic acid naturally occurs in plants at a very low concentration. It is a common plant-produced signal molecule that is responsible for inducing tolerance to a number of mutation. The present study was performed to evaluate the effect of various concentrations of salicylic acid on biochemical and physiological characteristics of M. chammomile. The seeds of M. chammomile were grown in the greenhouse with the mean day/night temperature and relative humidity of 29 ± 4˚C, 38 ± 5% RH/17 ± 2˚C, 59 ± 5% RH respectively. To investigate the effects of salicylic acid on morphological characteristics of M. chammomile .Fourteen weeks old plants were subjected to different levels of salicylic acid [control, 150, 300, and 450 mg l-1]. Our results showed that salicylic acid caused a significant change in proline content, photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant activity in M. chammomile but phenolic compounds has shown different profiles. The essential oil components of M. chammomilewere identified and analyzed by GC/MS and GC technique. Polyphenol components were identified and analyzed by HPLC method. The main components of essential oil were α-Bisabolol oxide A, Chamazulene and En-in-dicycloether. The main components of polyphenols wereChloregeni acid, Caffeic acid, Catechin, Sinapic acid, Hesperidin, Ellagic acid, Quercetin, Eugenol. The proportions of these main compounds and synthesis of some important essential oil components were induced by salicylic acid.

Aircraft flexibility causes problems and difficulties which this problems even might endanger health and safety of the aircraft. This phenomena changes dynamic response of aircraft to surface control and gust. Also it has diverse effect on flight quality and handling. then considering flexibility effects on dynamics response of aircraft is significant which requires that coupled dynamic and viberational equations of aircraft. In this paper, dynamics of a wide body aircraft has been developed on base of a six degree of freedom model witch includes two rigid and four flexible degree of freedom. Quasi steady aerodynamics has been used to describe interaction between solid and fluid. The characteristics of this model enhance perdition of dynamic response to gust and other external disturbances because of its development of elastic modes. the characteristics of this external disturbances causes more flexible modes to be exited and strain energy ratio in general dynamics of aircraft increases. In this simulation different parameters like stiffness ,gust length and its profile has been studied and a comparison between different length gust has been done .

Loranthus grewinkii is a damaging species that is a type of leafy species and inhabits on trees of Zagros forests. This plant in order to provide some of the needed nutrient elements for photosynthesis, it needs its host plant to obtain the water and nutrients. For that reason, they cause changes in biochemical compositions in their host trees. In this research, the effect of Loranthus grewinkii Boiss & Buhse was investigated on organic compounds such as total tannin, total phenol, dense tannin, flavonoids, protein, total sugars, insoluble sugar and proline in Amygdalus Scoparia in Southern Zagros forests, Khoram Abad, Iran. The results showed that the total phenol, dense tannin, total tannin, flavonoids and proline in the leaf of the infected individuals were significantly higher than the healthy wild almond (P≤0.05 and P≤0.01). Also, the results showed that sugar content, soluble sugar and protein in healthy individuals were more than the infected individuals to Loranthus grewinkii (P≤0.05, P≤0.01). It is seemed, increasing secondary compounds such as total phenol, dense tannin, total tannin, flavonoid, and proline due to disease occurs in tree to make efforts in orderto increase tolerance to the disease. Therefore, due to the activity of the semi-parasitic plant on these trees, the drying phenomenon is observed on the crown or branches of wild almond trees, so it can be used in the cleaning practice to prevent the prevalence and spread of Loranthus grewinkii in the Southern Zagros region, especially, Lorestan province.

Kant's transcendental ego is the absolute and final subject which constitutes the logical foundation of knowledge and experience. It is completely subjective, and as the most necessary and fundamental element in Kant's epistemology is involved in any judgment, intuition, imagination, synthesis, and category and, in a word, in any kind of knowledge and experience which occurs in a priori way. One of the most important and fundamental problems arising about transcendental ego is that of its functions. In this article, we have extracted four functions of transcendental ego according to Kant's own viewpoints in CPR which as follows: 1- transcendental ego provides our knowledge with universality. 2- It provides necessity for our knowledge. 3- It makes possible our knowledge. 4-It unifies our knowledge through the process and act of synthesis. Finally, we came to the conclusion that the function of unification is the most important and fundamental function due to fundamentality and importance of the process of synthesis in Kant’s epistemology.

Land use change from forest and pasture to Rosa damascena Mill orchard can affect many soil properties and fertility. Thirty-six surface soil samples from different land uses including forest, pasture and Rosa damascena Mill orchard were collected from Morvarid region (Darab, Fars province) to evaluate the effect of land use change on soil properties and fertility. Different soil properties, macro- and micronutrients availability and soil potassium forms were determined. Results showed that the content of organic matter, soil pH and cation exchange capacity in the orchard soil were significantly lower than those in the forest and pasture soils. The nitrogen content in the orchard soil was significantly lower than that in the other land uses, however the content of available P in the orchard soil was significantly higher than that in the forest and pasture soils (39 vs. 22 and 24 mg kg-1, respectively). The availability of manganese, zinc and copper in the orchard soil was significantly higher than those in the forest and pasture soils. The contents of exchangeable K in the forest soil (749 mg kg-1) and non- exchangeable K in the orchard soil (1344 mg kg-1) were significantly higher than those in the other land uses. Generally, farmers may change the soil properties and fertility with addition of chemical fertilizers, disturbing the soil and harvesting some aerial parts of plants. Changes in soil properties and nutrients availability must be considered in agricultural land management and the results of this research, for example the decrease in content of some macronutrients and organic matter due to the land use change from forest and rangeland to orchard, can be useful to predict the consequences of land use change in the studied region and other similar regions. It is recommended that in order to maintenance of nutrients balance in orchards, P fertilizers application should be done with more consideration and the decrease in the contents of organic matter and such macronutrients as N and K should be recompensed with organic and inorganic fertilizers application.

Potassium fertilizers may increase soybean yield and potassium concentration in leaves. Surfactants are surface-active agents, with simultaneous hydro and lipophilic molecular structures and specific physical and chemical attributes such as surface tension. Surfactants may enhance potassium exchange between soil colloids and the solution through enhanced dispersion of water, which increases available potassium for plant use and yield specially in soils with high specific surface area and limited potassium exchange. The objective in this research was evaluating the effect of a surfactant and potassium fertilizer on soybean yield components with water tension.

This study were carried out in Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources estate using split plot in completely randomized block design in four replications. Treatments were two levels of potassium fertilizer (108.3 kg ha-1K equivalent to 208 kg ha-1 potassium chloride) and no fertilizer use as main plots and four levels of 2-1 propandiol surfactant (0, 2, 4 and 8 l ha-1) as subplots. Soil water contents at 0-8 and 8-16 cm depths measured at four occasions during growing season (namely 143, 173 and 201 days after planting). Mechanical resistance at 0-5 cm depth was also measured in six occasions (namely 49, 69, 89, 109, 129 and 151 days after planting) using a pocket penetrometer. Yield components obtained at harvest.

Maximum soil water content obtained by four liter per hectare surfactant and soil water content diminished as the rate of application decreased. Higher rates of applications lowered mechanical resistance at all stages of applications, which could be due to higher water content in fine pores. Potassium application increased final soybean yield and yield components significantly but surfactant affected biological yield only (at 5% significance level). Surfactant application without potassium fertilizer was ineffective on yield production, but increased yield in combination with potassium fertilizer. Surfactant reduces surface tension, which allows free dispersion of water and potassium in fine pores, which enter soil solution where roots thrive. More soil water with surfactant reduces soil mechanical resistance and increases root growth and potassium uptake by fertilizer application. In the Study of interactions between the surfactants and potassium fertilizer, the potassium fertilizer in combination with 4 liter per hectare surfactant produced maximum soybean yield, hundred seeds weight, seed number per shell, branch number, harvest index, seed number per unit surface, biological yield and plant number per unit surface. Potassium fertilizer in combination with 8 liter per hectare surfactant produced maximum plant height, node number in main stem and number of shells per branch.

By decreasing surface tension, surfactant improves dispersion of water within soil pores, which results in more surface-soil water retention and content. More soil water content diminishes mechanical resistance against root growth and increases soybean yield. Potassium fertilizer application in combination with 4 liter per hectare surfactant increased soybean yield significantly due possibly to more plant potassium uptake.

Investigating the effect of changes in accruals on the investor's heterogeneous belief and increasing the knowledge of investors and managers to decide on the purchase and sale of shares. Regression analysis was used to test the research hypotheses using combined data. The results of this study show that the variability of accrual items has a positive effect on the investor's heterogeneous belief and the effect of the variability of accruals on the investor's heterogeneous components in high growth companies compared to low growth companies and in small firms compared to Big companies are bigger. The fluctuation in accruals changes increases the uncertainty in investors' beliefs, and the false response to the information received indicates that they increase or decrease the stock price. The factor of growth and size of companies is known as one of the most important variables in the user's decision making. Contribution: It is expected that the results of research can be useful for future researchers and ultimately affect the quality of research, knowledge and decision making of managers and investors.

The present study compares the status of high school female and male students in some psychological variables and examines the predictive power of each variable in their academic achievement. The statistical population of the study is all male and female students of secondary schools in the city of Ilam in the academic year 1395-1396 with population size 10496 and the sample size was determined by the Crecy and Morgan table, and 374 students were enrolled.The sampling method was applied to multimodal cluster sampling according to the educational areas of Ilam city, which completed Dupirat and Marin's Intelligence Beliefs Scale (2005) and Yashwir Singh's and Mahesh's Spring Scales (1991). Descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) were used to analyze the data. The results showed that there is a significant difference between male and female students of Ilam Secondary Schools in emotional maturity and IQs, and the girls in the sample group have lower emotional maturity and intelligence beliefs than boys. Also, the factor of "sentiment" as an effective variable was 4.6% of the variance of emotional instability, 5.4% of emotional return variance, 4.3% of variance of personality disorder, 6.7% of variance of social incompatibility, 3.6% of variance of lack of independence , 2.8% of the variance of incremental belief beliefs and 2.6% of the variance of intrinsic intelligence beliefs. Therefore, gender transformations in the field of education can not be limited and limited to quantitative changes and a dramatic increase compared to female students.

The object of this paper is to study the conflict between agrarian- subsistence economy and agrarian-commercial economy during the period of 1304- 1320/1925-1941. It is an interesting historical enigma that although a modern state was being formed in Iran during this period, nevertheless the old landholding system survived and the economic relations which corresponded to this system, continued to dominate the peasant economy. One would expect that changes were bound to occur as capitalism was growing in society and the commercial economy was making headway in the economy as a whole. Yet, not only the government and the landlords refrained from changing the old system of farming , but peasants, too, showed lack of interest in abandoning their traditional mode of production. Therefore, the question can be asked that why did Iranian peasants confronted the government's efforts to promote commercial agrarian economy during the Reza Shah’s era? It can be argued that peasants were more interested in upholding their subsistence economy. Their goal was not to maximize their own income, but to save their family at the existence level. Unfavorable weather conditions, crop diseases, unfamiliarity with market relations and international politics were new domains which led the landowners as well as the farmers to distrust the commercial farming. Instead, they continued to cultivate their land according to the previous method of subsistence farming. Thus, the influence of capital and the prevalence of capitalist agricultural economy, did not bring about any substantial changes in the agrarian relations or the social status of the peasantry. They did not abandon the economic rules that had been kept over many centuries in Iran's agricultural system. Methods of production were reflected in the traditional social system. Consequently< the socio – economic relations between landowners and peasants were strengthened and this led to the integrity of the village system.

Fars Cultural sphere have different perspectives, including mountainous areas with a cold weather, central part with a temperate climate while the southern part which is limited by the northern Persian Gulf coasts; experiences warmer conditions. According to the archaeological importance of the region, the Bavanat River Basin was investigated aiming at (1) to identify all cultural monuments, (2) to provide the archaeological maps of the area, (3) to investigate the evolutionary process of settlements in different periods, and (4) to assess the environmental effects on the formation of settlements and to explain the cultural position of the study area. During the survey, 200 archaeological sites were identified to have been dated from the Neolithic period to the Late Islamic period. The oldest site is related to the Neolithic but until the Bakun era, there has been no settlement identified. Eight sites revealed Bakun painted potteries and seven sites showed potteries from Lapui period. Since from Banesh period there has been just one occupational site it seems that after Banesh the basin was abandoned until the Achaemenid period.

In this study using Frequency Ratio (FR), Statistical Index (SI), Weights Of Evidence(WOF), Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF) models the probability of gully formation was calculated in Aytamar watershed and susceptibility maps was prepared. First the thematic maps of 13 gully conditioning factors including lithological formations, distance to faults, faults density, altitude, slope-length, slope angle, slope aspect, plan curvature, profile curvature, distance to roads, land use, distance to rivers, stream power index and topographic wetness index was prepared. Then landslide inventory map was combined with each gully conditioning factor and all models weights and parameters were calculated. Area under curve for test data was calculated as 0.74, 0.78, 0.75, 0.86 and 0.96 for Frequency Ratio (FR), Statistical Index (SI), Weights Of Evidence(WOF), Logistic Regression (LR), Random Forest (RF) models, respectively. Random forest, Frequency Ratio and Logistic Regression have the least the area of high susceptibility zone, respectively. With respect three validation criteria multivariate methods including Random Forest and Logistic Regression had the best performance among all models.

Plantago ovata Forsk has a natural distribution in flora of Iran and its cultivation has economic importance. Salinity is one of the natural features of ecosystems in semi-arid and arid areas. In salinity stress, the high K+/Na+ ratio in plant tissues has been considered as one of the important physiological mechanisms in creating salinity tolerance in some plant species. Studies have shown that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and inorganic phosphate solubilizing bacteria increase the K+/Na+ ratio of the plant and prevent the negative effects of Na+ ion. These microorganisms play an important role in increasing the availability and absorption of essential elements and ultimately increasing plant production. In order to investigate the effect of salinity stress and microorganisms on the accumulation of mineral elements in Isabgol (Plantago ovata Forsk.) a factorial experiment based on randomized complete block with three replications was conducted in 2014 in research greenhouse of the University of Birjand. First factor was three levels of salinity 2.5, 5 and 10 dS.m-1. Second factor was arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi include four levels (None inoculated, Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus intraradices and Glomus fasciculatum) and third factor was phosphate-solubilizing bacteria includes two levels (Pseudomonas fluorescens and No bacteria) which was prepared in soil biology lab of university of Tehran. At the stage of physiological maturity, the plants were removed from the pot and dried. The dry weight of each sample was then measured. In order to measure the elements for drying and combining with chloridric acid, the concentrations of mineral elements in the plant were measured. The results showed that salinity increased the absorption of phosphorus, nitrogen and potassium, increased sodium absorption and sodium / potassium ratio, and reduced the dry weight of the stem. Application of soil microorganisms under salinity stress conditions, in addition to increasing the absorption of essential nutrients, reduced the sodium ion absorption and sodium / potassium ratio and increased stem dry weight. Results showed that the highest percentage of phosphorus was 7.21% in the 2.5 dS.m-1 + Rhizophagus intraradices + Pseudomonas fluorescens. The highest nitrogen content was 2.28% in the 2.5 dS.m-1 + Arbuscular mycorrhiza (Rhizophagus intraradices). The highest potassium content was 48.7 mg/g dry weight in the 2.5 dS.m-1 salinity + Funneliformis mosseae arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus. The lowest sodium and sodium / potassium ion in the stem were 3.1 mg/g dry weight and 0.06 mg/g dry weight in the treatment composition of 2.5 dS.m-1 and the application of arbuscular mycorrhiza Rhizophagus intraradices were obtained. Also, the highest dry weight of stems was obtained in the treatment composition of 2.5 dS.m-1 + Rhizophagus intraradices + no bacteria intake of 3.9 grams. Although, this difference was not statistically significant with the combination of treatments in which the Pseudomonas fluorescens solubilizing bacterium was used. Overall, the results showed that the application of soil microorganisms could compensate for the negative effects of salinity stress by increasing the absorption of essential elements and reducing the absorption of sodium element. Simultaneous use of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Rhizophagus intraradices can best reflect the absorption of elements under salt stress conditions and increase the production of Isabgol. Keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, Phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, Macro elements, Haloculture.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of transcendental direct electric stimulation (TDCS) on improving cognitive functions and student problem solving. Its design includes pretest-posttest with a control group. The population of the study consisted of all male high school students in the academic year 2017-2018 (N=1029). 30 of them were selected by multistage cluster sampling. They were randomly divided into two groups of experimental (n=15) and control (n=15). TDCS was performed in 10 sessions for the experimental group and the control group did not receive any intervention. To collect the data, Montreal cognitive test and London Tower test were used. To test the research hypothesis, multivariate covariance analysis and one variable test were used. The results showed that TDCS increased the mean scores of cognitive functions and problem solving skills (p<.01). An over-speech direct electrical stimulation therapy can improve the students' cognitive functioning and problem solving skills.

Weeds have a significant role in reduce yield of crops Specially potato and the effect of herbicide application has been proven on increasing of potato crop production.Choice of herbicide that can properly control weeds, It is very important. Because the herbicides and the diversity of the sites of action are limited, so herbicide resisitant is not far and that is increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to use herbicide that can control weeds and alternate with other herbicides in potato fields. Also, in this research, the best dose and application time of EPTC at different growth stages of potato is determined. Trials were conducted in order to evaluate the effect of dose and application time of EPTC in Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Station in Alaroog, Ardebil, in 2013. The experiment was conducted as factorial in a randomized complete block design with three replications, two factors and Agria cultivar. The first factor was the different doses of EPTC herbicide in six levels of 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, 5000 and 6000 g a.i/ha and the second factor, the application time in three stages of pre-plant, potato emergence and stoloning was carried out. Three weeks after spraying in each stage of growth stages, weed density and biomass were evaluated. Data analysis carried out by SAS 9.1 software and Sigma Plot 11 software was used for graphs.Mean comparison was by using the least significant difference test at the 5% probability level. Statistical analysis showed that interaction effect of doses and application time of EPTC is significant on weed density and biomass. EPTC at 6000 g a.i/ha in the pre-plant stage reduced 84% of total weed density. According to the results of this study, the highest percentage of biomass reduction was observed in treatment of 6000 g a.i/ha EPTC and pre-plant stage of potato. Among different weed treatments, application 5000 and 4000 g a.i/ha of EPTC at pre- plant and potato emergence are next rank. The highest mean weight of the tuber and total tuber yield were obtained using EPTC herbicide at 6000 g a.i/ha in the pre-plant stage. The use of EPTC herbicide in the pre-plant increased its yield to 35.04%. According to the results, the best treatments for reducing of weed density and biomass weed is 6000 g a.i/ha in the pre-plant. With the use of these treatments, the mean weight of the tuber and the total tuber yield of potato were increased.

In the absence of proper control of the organization, its programs are deviated. Given that control in any organization is rooted in the culture of the organization and society, it is necessary to control how the organization works. As a result, in the Islamic Republic of Iran, we need to use the Islamic concepts to control. In this regard, one of the best sources is the words of Imam Ali (as), which is specifically summarized in two books, "Nahj al-Balagha" and "Ghorar al-Hakam and Dorar al-Kalam". In this research, using the method of them analysis, which is one of the most important qualitative methods, using the MAXQDA 10 software, the above-mentioned works were investigated in relation to the control problem. In this context, more than 2,800 original topics were identified, which resulted in a final refinement of 2,718 after the final refinement, of which 1,088 are primary topics related to Nahj al-Balagh and 1,630 are related to Ghorar al-Hakam and Dorar al-Kalam. The primary themes were grouped into 133 main themes and then 133 main themes were organized in the form of 38 organizing themes, 38 of them were organized in the form of 8 themes, all of which included: manpower characteristics, types Control, principles governing control, punishment and encouragement, necessity of control, establishment, control pests and consequences. Finally, all of the following themes were covered by Islamic Imam Ali's viewpoint.

Cognitive linguistics is a branch of linguistic knowledge that considers language as a tool for the order, organization, processing and transmission of information and examines the relationship between languages, man, his mind and his physical and social experiences. "Image schemas", which are the result of movements of the human body, perceptual interactions, and how to deal with perception, is one of the ways in which "cognitive semantics" has been used to understand abstract concepts. Since the holy Quran is blessed book and it is the bounty in the vastness of all times which it in addition to its age is the guidance and training book of all human in all age, the text of holy Quran deserves sticks the main axis for guidance, discovery of its truths and to understand of the concept and speaker's purpose at any time and its combination are carefully analyzed and investigative.
Therefore the present study tries to examine the abstract word "torment" with the approach of linguistic and which using an analytic descriptive method, by discovering and drawing of various image schemas. The result of the research show that God has use a meaningful and physically structured in the 3D space for to express and to understand more abstract and mental concepts, including an all-purpose term "torment", which according to our experience of earthly appear more enlightened

Family is the foundation of every society, and it strengthens the romantic relationships of its couples. Accordingly, this paper by the principles of descriptive phenomenological method, seeks to describe the lived experience of love in the early years of marriage from the perspective of the actors themselves. The data were collected, by purposive sampling, from among married people living in Isfahan who had been married for less than seven years, and from deep interviews with them. The results of the multilevel phenomenological analysis in this study showed that the experience of marital love from the perspective of the actors includes temporal and non-temporal phenomena. The temporal phenomena  under the title of ‘changeable love’ refer to the transformation of love over time from ‘true love’ at the beginning of marriage to ‘logical love’ with the onset of common life. Sex is also constructed as part of a ‘changeable love’ experience through two patterns of ‘non-acceptance -acceptance’ and ‘acceptance-acceptance’. Non-temporal phenomena, i. e. love experiences that do not belong to a specific time, refer to the experiences of ‘popular love’, ‘memories’, ‘unity’, and ‘spousal approval’.

‘Political empowerment’ is an opportunity for a large number of citizens to address political affairs; one of its most important indicators is the increase in ‘political participation’ at decision-making level. The present paper aims to answer the general question that what is the empowerment of women in the field of politics and by what contextual variables it is formed. The statistical population of this research is elite women in the field of politics. The methodology is based on using quantitative and qualitative analysis techniques and semi-structured interview technique in collecting data and texts of interviews. In order to organize the extracted data and present final model, MaxCoD data quality analysis software has been used. According to research findings, political empowerment has two main dimensions of ‘political participation and activism’ and ‘political elitism’, and women elites in the path of empowerment are affected by four individual, family, political and social settings, among which, family environment has the most impact on these women and their abilities. After that, the political environment affects the formation and extent of empowerment of these women. The researcher has identified 18 categories of first and second rates, and 522 semantic terms and used them in presenting a field-based theoretical model.

The aim of this research is to investigate the phenomenon of Iranophobia in Hollywood’s productions. The study of Hollywood cinematic films associated with Iran suggests that Iran has been portrayed as ‘a subaltern other’ of the West in these films. In this regard, we investigated American films made about Iran since 1979 and their effects on the intensification of Iranophobia. Doing so we studied three films, ‘Argo’, ‘the Stoning of Soraya’ and ‘not Without My Daughter’, by qualitative content analysis method. To answer the question of ‘what has been the role of Hollywood in exacerbating Iranophobia after the revolution?’, an combination of the three theoretical perspectives of ‘representation’, ‘postcolonial studies’ and ‘Orientalism’ were also used for the basis of our analysis. The results confirm the research hypothesis. Constructing a negative image of the Islamic Republic, Hollywood has played a significant role in intensifying Iranophobia.

The use of probiotics to enhance performance, improve health status, change and adjustment the ecosystem rumens of suckling animal fed is considered a viable alternative to antibiotics and the development of healthy lambs and replacement ewes producing pluripotent and adult rams with the herd. Probiotics can also be a good solution to maintain the balance of microbial populations, improve rumen fermentation, enhance immune system, and increase the production of young ruminants. The aim of this study was investigated the effect of different levels of probiotics protexin in milk replacers on performance and blood parameters of suckling Zell lambs.

To do this study 24 male lambs were investigated at the age of 10 days with a mean live weight (5/4 ± 0/53 kg) to 4 treatments and 6 lamb (replication) in individual cages for 60 days. Sampling was carried out in four periods of fifteen days. Treatments including control (without probiotic supplementation) and control treatment plus (3× 109 cfu / g), 6 (6 × 109 cfu / g) and 9 (9 × 109 CFU / g) grams of probiotic in milk replacement respectively.

The results of average feed intake showed that a significant difference was observed in only 15 days of experiment so that the control treatment had the lowest and 9 grams probiotic treatment had the highest values (P<0.05). The results of average weight gain showed that was statistically significant difference was observed in all the experiment periods so that 9 grams of probiotic treatment had better performance than control treatment. (P<0.05). The results of faecal scores showed statistically significant difference was observed in 45 and 60 days of (P<0.05), so that lambs receiving 9 g probiotic had higher stool consistency than control treatment. The results of apparent digestibility of nutrients showed a statistically significant difference in the amount of dry matter, NDF and ADF (P<0.05) that 9 grams probiotic treatments were higher than other treatments. The results of the blood parameters showed was statistically significant differences in first time of blood sampling in all parameters except albumin (P<0.05). Also in second of blood sampling was significant difference in in all parameters except cholesterol, HDL and LDL (P<0.05).The results of carcass traits showed that in traits, live weight, percent carcass full and empty, percent half carcassand the body length were statistically significant difference between treatments (P<0.05) so that 9 grams of probiotic treatment had better performance than the other probiotic levels in these study.

The results of this study showed that the addition of different levels of protexin in milk replacement, improved feed intake, only in the early period of study, higher daily gain in some study times. Also, there was a significant increase in apparent digestibility of nutrients, improved blood immune index, especially immunoglobulin G, and improved carcass weight at the end of the study. According to the results, 9 grams of probiotic level was better than other surfaces in comparison with other parameters