جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « توانایی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Labor self-efficacy has an important role in increasing the ability of mother to adapt to childbirth and decreasing the tendency for cesarean section. This study was performed aimed to determine the effect of motivation and ability to select mode of delivery on labor self-efficacy in previous cesarean section mothers.

This two-group clinical trial study was performed in 2020 on 62 pregnant women with previous cesarean section referred to Mashhad Comprehensive Health Centers. The subjects were randomly divided into intervention and control groups. In the intervention group, individual counseling based on Fogg model was performed at 28-30 weeks of pregnancy. The two groups completed the demographic characteristics form and the researcher-made questionnaire on motivation and ability of the Fogg model and the delivery self-efficacy questionnaire at the beginning and two weeks after the end of the intervention. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 25) and independent t-test, paired t-test and Mann-Whitney test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.

There was a statistically significant difference in the mean score of motivation and ability in 34-36 weeks of pregnancy in the intervention (2.79±0.52) and control (2.33±0.31) groups (p <0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in the mean score of labor self-efficacy in the groups of intervention before (4.17±2.08) and after (4.92±2.10) the intervention (p =0.012).

Increasing the level of motivation and the ability to choose mode of delivery increases the labor self-efficacy.

Background & Objectives: According to the government policies, universities are suggested to change their budgeting system from a programming budgeting system to the performance-based one. This study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of implementation of the performance-based budgeting system in Iran University of Medical Sciences. This cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study was conducted in 2018. The statistical population of the study was all 108 financial staff, budget experts, and accounting experts of Iran University of Medical Sciences and subsidiary colleges. A researcher-made questionnaire with dimensions of ability, discretion, and acceptance was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient by SPSS version 20 software. For implementing performance-based budgeting system, all three criteria (ability, discretion, and acceptance) were at the moderate level. There was an inverse and significant correlation between acceptance variable and age of respondents. There was also an inverse and significant relationship between motivational acceptance variable, age and work experience of respondents (P<0.05). Implementation of performance-based budgeting in Iran University of Medical Sciences requires development of the expertise and skill required to calculate the cost of services provided, standardization of the internal and external organizational procedures, and creating motivations and incentives to start and implement the performance-based budgeting process appropriately.

In present era, attention to the issue of employment and use of existing workforce is one of the main concerns of each state. Unemployment among disabled people, in addition to creating many economic problems and difficulties for them also reduces their human, social and cultural status in society and promotes the spirit of despair, self-consciousness, recession and disability among them. The purpose of this study was to identify and prioritize the barriers to employment of motional disabled people in the private sector from the perspective of entrepreneurs and disabled people. The study, in purpose was an applied and in nature was a descriptive. Due to the complexity and specialty of this study, the statistical population of the study consisted of two groups. First group included all motional disabled people in Genaveh city (Bushehr province, south of Iran), who were over 15 years and second group was entrepreneurs in the city. A total of 67 people with motion-based disability were selected from the city using a snowball sampling method. Due to limited statistical population of the second group, all of them were selected as subjects (25 people). It should be noted that a number of entrepreneurs were experts in the welfare organization. In order to find an appropriate answer to identify the obstacles to employment of motional disabled persons, the interview was used in two stages. First, open-minded interviews with the motional disabled group were conducted to familiarize entrepreneurs with barriers faced by the motional disabled people. In the second stage, to determine which components expressed in terms of entrepreneurs were considered as real obstacles a supplementary interview was conducted with the entrepreneur Group. The result of this phase of the interview was the determination of all obstacles to the employment of motional disabled people in the private sector from the perspective of entrepreneurs. In this study, a pairwise comparison questionnaire was used to rank these barriers, the network analysis process (ANP) and Super Decisions software were used. Twenty and one components were identified as obstacles to employment of motional disabled people in the private sector. Confirmatory confirmation analysis showed that 21 component have been formed of five factors of individual ability, strategic, environmental, cost and attitude. All components have been influenced by their respective factors. It was also found that barriers to individual abilities the least important and strategic barriers are the most important barriers to employment. Of these 21 components, lack of a primary location for starting an activity with a weight of 0.0046 was the least important barrier, and persistence with a weight of 0.322 was the most important obstacle to the employment of motional disabled people was achieved According to the findings, it was found that motional disabled people in the field of employment in a private sector faced with five main obstacles individual ability, strategic, environmental, cost and attitude, which should be given serious attention.

Patient’s adherence to treatment regimen can predict treatment plan and decrease intensity and symptoms of sickness. This study aimed at determining the effect of educational intervention based on AIM (Ability, Information, Motivation) model on improving adherence of patients with type 2 diabetes.
This semi experimental interventional study was performed on 180 patients with type 2 diabetes as intervention and control groups. The patients selected using simple random sampling. Study instrument was a questionnaire including demographics (14 items) and AIM model questionnaire (10 items about information, 9items about motivation, 6 items for ability). After baseline, educational intervention was performed in intervention group and post test conducted after six months for both groups. Collected data was analyzed with SPSS software version 23using Mann–Whitney U, Wilcoxon and chi-squared tests. The significant level was considered less than 0.05.
There was no significant difference in demographics and AIM model constructs between two groups (p>0.05). After educational intervention, intervention group revealed a significant difference with control group in terms of information (P study results revealed AIM model based educational intervention has an important role on treatment adherence among type2 diabetic patients. With increasing patient information and belief regarding disease patient’s motivation will be improved.

Today, e-learning is considered one of the efficient learning contexts in continuing medical education (CME). Participation in e-learning is dependent on learner’s level of preparedness. Therefore, this study aimed to determine CME learners’ knowledge, attitude, ability and preparedness in relation to e-learning.
In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 300 learners attending 2014 autumn-winter CME programs in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences were selected by means of convenience sampling. Data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire which was completed in continuing education sessions. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics (independent t-test, Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients).
The mean scores were obtained for ability and knowledge (37.23±8), attitude (74.18±3.4) and preparedness (60.22±7.8). Findings showed that there was a significant relationship between computer and internet usage time and learner’s ability and knowledge, attitude and preparedness for e-learning (P The results of this study showed that despite having the features of attitude and preparedness, CME learners did not have the necessary knowledge for receiving information electronically. It seems that authorities should take necessary measures to implement this teaching method in order to promote learners’ knowledge.

Reforming the budgeting systems will make an enormous contribution to the economic prosperity of the country. Although the full implementation of operational budgeting is confronted with barriers, such as allowing the low-rank executive managers more authority, changing the governmental approach to accounting into accrual approach, and reforming the Public Accounting Act, changing the budgeting system to operating budgeting is inevitable to and necessary for the economy of the country. The purpose of this study is to review the barriers to implementing the operational budgeting based on Shah Model in Iranian free trade-industrial zones, and to suggest ways of overcoming them. The participants of this study were selected from among the financial managers, programming and budgeting managers of free trade-industrial zones, and also the staff of secretariat of high council of Iranian Free Trade-Industrial Zones. Data needed to test the research hypotheses were gathered through interview and questionnaire. To ensure the normal distribution of the responses for each test agent, “Kolmogorov-Smirnov” test was used. Finally, to test the research hypotheses, «T one sample" and "Median test" were used. The results of the study are indicator of the fact that inability to assess the performance, inefficiency of human resources, lack of legal and procedural authority, and also the lack of motivation for acceptability were identified as the barriers to implementing the operational budgeting based on Shah Model. Nevertheless, factors such as technical ability, organizational authority, political acceptance, and managerial acceptance were not among those identified as barriers. The Findings of this study attest to the fact that at the present time, Free Trade-Industrial Zones Organizations do not have enough ability, authority and acceptability to execute operational budgeting.