فهرست مطالب عباس قربانی

Many of the most prominent political theories have been written in response to the loss of coherence or the sense of danger of disintegration of the order, and have forced humanities thinkers to evaluate the stabilizing elements. Why and how despite political conflicts and lack of consensus, social collapse does not occur? Basically, every thinker has provided a solution to this question and solving this crisis according to the time and geographical period. The social order that is placed against disorder and insecurity depends on the type of relationship between the government and civil society as well as social contracts. In the period of anarchy and social crises, governments try to overcome the crisis and prevent collapse by strengthening solidarity factors, whether value-based factors or fair distribution of wealth or by coercive means. In the era after the Islamic revolution in 1357, with the formation of a political system based on religion and with the centrality of Shiite jurisprudence, crises and disorders have arisen, and each of them has had different reasons during the last four decades, which in this research at different stages of the factors Instability and its solution tools have been investigated.

This research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of drought stress and the type and amount of nitrogen fertilizer on the yield, yield components and some physiological characteristics of bread wheat in 2016-1397 in two temperate regions of Lorestan province. The test factors include drought stress (at three control levels, irrigation until the stage of the appearance of inflorescences and irrigation until the milky-paste stage of the seeds) in the main plots, as well as the factors of the type of nitrogen fertilizer (including urea and ammonium nitrate fertilizers) and the amount of nitrogen fertilizer. (at three normal levels based on soil test, 50% higher and 50% lower than normal) were factorially placed in sub-plots. The results showed that the highest plant height was in control and the occurrence of drought stress led to a decrease in plant height. The application of ammonium nitrate caused the internode length to be higher than the factor of urea application). The application of 50% nitrogen fertilizer more than the normal amount caused the highest weight of flag leaf to be obtained at the factor level without drought stress and ammonium nitrate fertilizer at the level of full irrigation factor resulted in the highest level of leaf area index occurrence of drought stress led to a decrease in leaf area index. The number of seeds per plant was also affected by the nitrogen fertilizer application factor and the highest amount was obtained with the use of ammonium nitrate. The seed weight and seed yield in the control factor was higher than the irrigation cut factor and the seed yield in the factor without drought stress was higher than the other two factors and also with the application of ammonium nitrate fertilizer higher than urea fertilizer. Drought stress led to a decrease in biological yield and its amount in the ammonium nitrate factor and in the level of the factor without drought stress by 14908 kg and also reduced the harvest index. The results of this study showed that in the Lorestan region, it is possible to achieve the maximum grain yield in the case of full irrigation of Baharan wheat by applying higher than normal amounts of nitrogen fertilizer. Also, to improve seed yield, ammonium nitrate fertilizer can be used instead of urea.

By reducing mortality and increasing life expectancy, it is increasing the number of elderly people as well as retirees in the world. Retirement is a turning point in the lives of middle-aged people, which is associated with changes in daily life, social roles and economic issues, and self-image. Since retirement is a critical stage in a retiree's life, you can get through it easily if you stay healthy and safe. In general, quality of life is a multidimensional concept, relative and influenced by time and place, as well as individual and social values, which should be considered in its various aspects, to get a more complete picture of this concept. It is also necessary to make the necessary decisions to improve the quality of life and its roots and causes of existence. Therefore, pay attention to the fact that this segment of society is already needed by researchers, planners, planners. In particular, the retirees of the forces who will be accompanied by challenges during the retirement of these people, for this purpose, attention is paid to these challenges, which are examined in this study. In this, using comparative studies and interviews with the study of successful international and national concepts and experiences, the improvement and promotion of armed forces retirees based on legatum indicators has been discussed as the main goal and in solutions to increase the growth of Iranian armed forces retirees. A comparative study of the situation of retirees and facilities in the country is presented.

To improve the quality of life and economic conditions of retirees, they need to return to the business environment through entrepreneurship and self-employment. However, at first, it is necessary to teach these people the topics related to entrepreneurship and running a business. The purpose of this article is to study the programs and tools of entrepreneurship education and business development in selected and leading countries with a focus on military retirees. Using the method of document analysis and benchmarking approach with the best experiences, this research has studied and reviewed programs and tools for entrepreneurship training and business development for retirees of the military forces. While reviewing entrepreneurship training courses in selected countries, tools such as entrepreneurship incubators, coaching and mentoring, online platforms, social media, technical and vocational centers, and business schools, and finally, business boot camps for training Entrepreneurship were introduced to retirees. Finally, some policy proposals to develop entrepreneurship education for armed forces retirees are presented to assist policymakers. These policy programs include primary policy programs (implementation of entrepreneurship training courses and business development in training centers, creating and developing an online platform for entrepreneurship training, developing platforms for exchanging experience, knowledge, and technology, and forming joint activities among retirees, using media to create and Development of entrepreneurship training courses, creation, and development of entrepreneurship training courses and in-service business development and supportive policy programs (encouragement and support of leading entrepreneurs, establishment and development of retirement entrepreneurship clubs, development of innovation and accelerator laboratories and teaching the concepts of digital economy and industry 4.0).

The main issue of the present study is the conformity of "Yā man dalla `alā dhātihi bi dhātih" as mentioned in Du`aʿi sabāḥ with different expositions of the Siddiqin proof. The most important exposition has been examined by descriptive-analytical method; the findings of this research show that it can only be claimed based on Allameh Tabatabai`s exposition that this sentence refers to the Siddiqin proof. In this account, the necessity of existence has been based on the originality of existence and following this Divine necessity has been proved and it seems that this is the same meaning meant by Imam Ali (as) in the above mentioned sentence. But according to Ibn Sina and Mulla Sadra`s statements, this sentence may not be counted as an example of the Siddiqin proof. What meant by Ibn Sinachr('39')s is imkāni māhuwi and impossibility of circle or unlimited chain of causes and the caused have been used by him, and in Mulla Sadrachr('39')s, philosophical principles such as originality and analogical state of existence and causal relation are used. In both expositions, the existence of God is relied on something other than Itself.
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Moving target indication (MTI) filters are generally considered as the primary approach to remove echo caused by fixed unwanted targets as well as clutter, in real-world radar systems. The MTI filter is set up as a linear combination of the echoes received from the range cell under test, when the inter-pulse periods (IPPs) are staggered. Hence, the MTI filter is mainly characterized with the coefficients and the IPPs. The MTI filter design problem is to optimize both these parameters to maximize both the blind speed and the clutter rejection, while providing the required signal gain. In this paper, to calculate the coefficients, the deviation of the designed filter from the ideal one in pass-band is optimized using the least squares criterion. The coefficient optimization is done under the constraint to induce nulls at limited number of frequency spots in the clutter rejection band to increase clutter rejection. As to the IPPs, a random IPP search is done to maximize the minimum SCR in the pass-band. At the analysis stage, the performance of the proposed method is compared with the other existing methods, based on two criteria: Improvement Factor (IF) and the minimum SCR gain in the pass-band. Eventually, it is shown that the proposed method has better results.

In the philosophy of ethics, especially after Kant, the question arose as to whether the performance of a moral act for motives beyond moral duty and obligation is invalid. The type of answer to this question is the origin of the division of moral systems into two general categories, teleological and task-oriented. Using a descriptive-analytical method this paper seeks to answer this question. While rejecting this approach, this paper emphasizes the existence of goals as the executive guarantee of moral actions. In the meantime, the other worldly type of these executive guarantees, such as closeness to God, is preferable. Because such a guarantee is infinite due to the infinity of God, and it is an endless source for encouraging man to existential excellency and performing moral act.

Systemic changes and changes in the salivary composition of patients with migraine headaches have already been reported. This study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of dental caries in two groups of patients with and without migraine headaches.

In this analytical/cross-sectional study 120 patients aged 15‒65, including 60 migraine patients with at least 5 migraine attacks and 60 normal patients, were selected using convenience sampling technique. DMFT (Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth) and OHI-S (Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified) indexes were used to evaluate oral hygiene status. Data were analyzed with SPSS 20 using multi-linear regression, Mann-Whitney test and t-test (α=0.05).

The means of DMFT in subjects with and without migraine were 13.95±5.05 and 4.08±2.53, respectively (p value = 0.001). Mean of OHI-S index in subjects with and without migraine headaches were 0.12±0.19 and 0.10±0.16, respectively (p value = 0.79). Multi-linear regression showed that migraine had a significant effect on the DMFT and OHI-S indexes (p value < 0.001) after correcting for variables such as age, gender, educational status and income. The results also showed that the effect of age on DMFT and OHI-S was significant (p value < 0.001).

Under the limitations of this study, dental caries was more prevalent in migraine patients than normal individuals; however, the OHI-S was similar in the two groups.

The proof for the existence of God and the possibility of the knowledge of his attributes is a major problem of philosophy. Among the various proofs, the proof of the righteous is a prominent and enduring proof in Islamic philosophy. In the following we present Avicenna's formulation and the later development of it.