فهرست مطالب مریم رحمتی

Brand equity has many benefits for companies and manufacturers. If the brand has a high equity, then the consumer will have a positive attitude towards the brand. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors affecting brand equity with Meta-synthesis technique.

In the present study, the researcher analyzes the results of previous researchers with a systematic and qualitatively review approach. then with the Sandlowski and Barroso method and MAXQDA software the effective factors are encoded.

By identifying the factors affecting brand equity, the conceptual model of factors influencing brand equity was categorized into 9 factors and 85 components. The 9 factors are: social factors, customer cognition, customer perception, product characteristics, customer profitability, marketing, intra-organizational, emotional and relationship factors.

The results of this study indicate 9 factors in last ten year studies that affect the brand equity. After studying, it was found that different researchers, each with an emphasis on specific factors, have introduced the impact of factors on brand equity. Most of the articles focused on individual and organizational factors.

Today, businesses and organizations have to pay attention to producing relevant content for their consumers. The purpose of the current research is to present the sports e-business content marketing model. In this regard, in order to collect data in order to identify the dimensions, components and indicators of sports e-business content marketing, it was done using the foundational data theory method. The statistical population of this research included senior managers of online sports goods stores.The snowball sampling method was used for sampling. In order to collect data, library sources and previous research and semi-structured interview method were used. In the following, 15 experts were interviewed, which reached saturation in 13 people. Then the text of the manuscripts was transferred to the Max Kyuda software. A total of 233 primary open codes were obtained, and after removing duplicate codes and merging similar codes, 95 final open codes were extracted. Finally, the output of MAXQDA software was categorized into 29 core codes and 8 selective codes. Attractive website content, in terms of the content marketing process, content formats, appropriate structure, and purposefulness, should encourage customers and consumers to take action and purchase products. The quality of the developed and modified content depends on the reliability of the content provider.

The purpose of this research is to design a strategic model of organizational communication with an emphasis on administrative health in the country's tax affairs organization. This research is developmental-applicative in terms of its purpose, and in terms of the nature of the data, it is of a qualitative type using the foundation data method. The statistical population of the research is specialists and managers of the Tax Affairs Organization and professors in the field of management. And it continued until the theoretical data saturation stage. Data collection was done through semi-structured interviews. To ensure the validity and reliability of the research data, two methods of review by participants and review by colleagues and intra-coder reliability were used. Data analysis was done by Strauss and Corbin method of Foundation Data Theory and using MAXQDA software. The findings showed that the model of organizational communication with an emphasis on increasing administrative health in the country's tax affairs organization consists of 6 main categories and 20 subcategories. The qualitative model of the components of organizational communication was designed with an emphasis on increasing administrative health in the country's tax affairs organization, taking into account causal conditions, background factors, appropriate strategies, intervening conditions. The results showed that tax affairs should have a healthy function, and for a healthy function, it is necessary to create a suitable organizational communication model with an emphasis on administrative health.

Ethics codes for urban management based on sustainable development are essential to enhance responsible decision-making, transparency, environmental protection, social equality, cooperation, and trust. They provide a guiding framework for urban managers to overcome the complex challenges of urban development while ensuring the long-term welfare of communities and the environment. The primary aim of the current research is to design a qualitative model for developing ethics codes for urban management based on sustainable development.

The research method in this study is qualitative, employing content analysis. The research population includes city mayors, experts in urban management, academic professors who have conducted research in ethics, and managers of institutions and organizations affiliated with municipalities. The sampling method is snowball, with 15 individuals interviewed. The data collection tool was unstructured open interviews, and the qualitative analysis was conducted using MAXQDA software.

The research findings indicated that the development of ethics codes for urban management based on sustainable development includes 58 indicators, 14 core codes, and 5 elective codes.

The development of ethics codes for urban management based on sustainable development encompasses urban sustainability, organization-based procedures for sustainable development, ethics codes of urban management based on sustainable development, strategy for expanding ethics codes based on sustainable development, and executive levels of ethics codes based on sustainable development.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the difference between corona anxiety, death anxiety and health anxiety before and after corona vaccine injection in elderly men living in Zanjan Elderly Center.

Metthodology: 

The method of the present research is an experimental one and it is pre-test-post-test, single group without control group with three time measurements. The statistical population includes all the elderly men of the Zanjan Center for the Elderly, and 30 of these people who had mild cognitive impairment in the mental status examination were selected purposefully and they responded to three questionnaires, namely the Corona Virus Anxiety Scale (Alipour, Gadami, Alipour and Abdulzadeh, 2018), Templer's Death Anxiety Scale (1970) and Health Anxiety Questionnaire (Salkoskis and Warwick, 2022). For data analysis, repeated measurement test was used using SPSS version 25 software.

The results of the findings indicate that the injection of the corona vaccine has reduced the anxiety caused by the corona disease and the health anxiety of the elderly and increased the anxiety of death in the elderly.

Therefore, according to the results of the research, which showed that death anxiety in the elderly is not significant after vaccination, it is necessary to organize workshops for the elderly in this regard.

 The suffering and pain caused by toxic behaviors has permeated not only human life but also organizational life. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to provide a model of toxic behavior of employees in the public sector.

 This research is basic in terms of purpose and mixed (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of method. In the qualitative phase of the research, a semi-structured interview was conducted through the foundation's data theory, and for this purpose, 13 people were selected purposefully and snowballed from experts and management experts in the public sector. And in the quantitative part, the validity and evaluation of the research model was evaluated through the model indicators in PLS software version 3. For this purpose, using a questionnaire and through multi-stage cluster sampling, 385 employees of government organizations were evaluated. Selection and questionnaire will be distributed among them and opinions will be asked.

 Based on the results of the research and data analysis, open coding, central coding, and selective coding were done in three stages, and then based on the foundation theory model (causal factors, main phenomenon, intervening conditions, contextual conditions, strategies and Results) The target model was developed. And based on the findings of structural equation modeling, the results showed that the measurement model has validity (divergent and convergent), reliability (Cronbach's alpha, shared and combined reliability) and appropriate quality. Also, the assumptions were confirmed in the structural model.

 The model of this research, in addition to enriching the literature on the toxic behavior of employees, can help managers of government organizations in planning to identify and screen contaminated behaviors and achieve organizational health, and in the face of such deadly behaviors from employees, positive leadership and adopt a reasonable.

The purpose of this research is the comparative model of loyalty. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of methodology. The statistical population of the research included Iranian and Chinese tourists and 18 prominent university professors and experts. The tool asked by the researcher was tourism satisfaction, the reliability of the questionnaire using Cronbach's alpha is 0.81, the data was collected using NetLogo, and the 5 components that had the most impact on the tourism of the two countries were based on the opinions of experts. In response to the relevant questionnaires, among the influential factors, in the study of tourists' wages. We measured the internal relationships of components and sub-components with this software، In this research, first, five factors with the dimensions stated in the model were measured on satisfaction, and the mutual effects of the factors were identified using the software based on the basis of different scenarios (pessimistic, favorable and optimistic). In order to accommodate the loyalty of tourism, which also the simulation results show that the more up-to-date facilities such as smart technology, facilities, manpower training and the moderation of strict government policy and the level of advertising, and bring the tourist's expectations closer to the moderation level, the more trips will be made. It is between Iran and China. The most influential variable of intelligentization, which is a new approach to develop tourism and attract tourists in countries, and provide services that satisfy tourists and as a result, the continuation of tourism loyalty in the future of this industry.

Sports entrepreneurship is one of the types of entrepreneurship that has many direct and indirect economic effects on society. Over the past few years, the world of sports has witnessed changes in sports economic policies, which has highlighted the need for the sports industry to reduce its dependence on government budgets. In this regard, the present study was conducted with the aim of Identifying and prioritizing the drivers of sports entrepreneurship development of sports entrepreneurship in professional clubs of the Premier Football League. This study is a mixed exploratory research that has been presented in the qualitative section using the Theme analysis technique and based on semi-structured interviews with 20 experts; in the quantitative part, then in the quantitative part, in order to prioritize the components of sports entrepreneurship, OPA technique and Lingo software were used. Accordingly, "advertising through the media, online sales, private stadiums, construction of sports complexes, talent development and grassroots teams, construction of non-sports complexes, fans, deputize, making a football documentary; and veterans" were ranked one to ten, respectively. Findings of this study can help the managers of Iranian Premier League clubs to solve the economic problems of the clubs by providing the ground for entrepreneurship development among the clubs of the Premier Football League, in addition to providing various solutions for creating entrepreneurship.

In today's advanced world, to remain in the competitive environment, it is necessary to use guerrilla marketing tools in the clothing industry, which is one of the priority industries in the country. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to design a guerilla marketing model suitable for the clothing industry using a mixed-method approach. At first, in the qualitative part to perform qualitative meta-synthesis with the Sandelowski and Barroso method, in this research, 100 scientific texts in the field of guerilla marketing in Farsi and English were identified over the past decade, which were finally 23 articles identified using the method of vital evaluation skills. They were considered as a research topic for analysis and through the method of document analysis using Maxqda20 software, the main indicators were extracted, coded classified aggregated, and clustered. The result included: 11 main components, 41 concepts, and 182 indicators or codes. After collecting the data in the qualitative part to carry out the quantitative part of the research of the components, a questionnaire was developed with 11 main components, 41 concepts, and 182 indicators or codes to measure the validity of the content with the validation method of experts. After calculating the content validity and removing the similar options, 8 components, 24 concepts, and 47 indicators were determined and the questionnaire was compiled and distributed based on these components. were analyzed. The result showed that guerrilla marketing components in clothing businesses include 6 dimensions unconventional marketing, customer-oriented, conventional marketing, technology, learning from the market and competition-oriented, among which the most relationship between guerrilla marketing and competition-oriented component, conventional marketing and customer-oriented, and there is the least relationship between the unconventional marketing component and the guerilla marketing component

Given the rapid advancement of technology, businesses need to focus on producing valuable content for their customers. The experience of reputable brands in content marketing indicates a crucial and growing approach in enhancing consumer awareness, interaction, and creating more value for customers in the realm of content marketing. Therefore, the aim of this research is to present a paradigmatic model of content marketing for electronic businesses based on the perspective of entrepreneurs. To achieve this goal, data was collected using the grounded theory method. The statistical population of the study included all entrepreneurs of electronic businesses, and a snowball sampling method was employed in which data saturation was reached by interviewing 15 experts.  The data was then analyzed using three-step coding and MAXQDA software. Based on paradigmatic model, its elements includes studying the current state of business, creating content, distributing content, evaluating content marketing success, using the content creation and distribution techniques, using psychological attitude in contents marketing, business success, and influencing the costumers. In general, the use of new techniques of content production and distribution along with psychological attitude can improve content marketing for electronic businesses. Therefore, developing the users’ skills in content production and distribution with a focus on improving psychological attitude in content marketing is suggested.

The change and evolution of land and water erosion zones through time shows the stability of natural lake ecosystems. Therefore, monitoring the fluctuations of the lake boundary through the preparation of remote sensing data through time, with high spatial and temporal resolution, can reveal the effects of natural hazards, including drought. Compared to other methods, the remote sensing methods due to their ability to easily and cheaply access data, their high accuracy and comprehensiveness, wideness of satellite images and their spectral diversity are considered an effective tool in water resource management and lakes monitoring. Therefore, the importance of monitoring the changes in water-land erosion areas of Lake Neor can provide a suitable platform for making efficient management decisions and prioritizing executive programs to deal with the water shortage crisis. This research has been conducted with the aim of evaluating the changes in water and land erosion areas of lake Neor (as the largest fresh water lake in Ardabil province and one of the most important tourist attractions of this province) in relation to climatic factors during a period of 32 years. This issue has been less discussed in the studies conducted in the region.

 Most of the data of this research are time series of Landsat 5 and 8 images during the period of 1988-2020, which were obtained from the website of the US Geological Survey. The map of the studied basin was extracted using ASTER DEM and ARC HYDRO tool. Atmospheric and geometric corrections on the images were applied in ENVI 5.3 software. Water areas were extracted using AWEI, NDWI and NDVI indexes. ARC GIS 10.2 software was used to get the final outputs of the maps. The 32-year climate statistics of the synoptic station of Ardabil city were obtained from the Meteorological Organization of the country in order to investigate the causes of changes in water erosion zones.

 The application of three different water indicators on the images indicated that the water area of the lake has decreased from 1988 to 2020 . The largest water area obtained from the AWEISH index in 1992 is 4.1 square kilometers and the smallest lake area in 2019 is 2.2 square kilometers and 2005 with 4.08 square kilometers. The lowest area of the lake according to this index is related to the year 2019 with an area of 2.28 square kilometers and in 1991 with an area equal to 2.26 square kilometers. These numbers have been repeated in other indices with a slight difference. This great fluctuation of the water level of the lake during three decades can have several reasons. In this study, rainfall changes during the studied years have been considered as the main cause. The comparison of the fluctuations of rainfall with changes in the lake level shows the water of the lake has prograded a lot towards the land in the rainy years (1992 and 2005). Also, the performances of three water indexes (general accuracy and Kappa coefficient) were evaluated in the form of Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm and the Minimum Distance method. The overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient in all three indicators is higher than 0.92 which indicates the used methods in the extraction of water have high compliance with the land use.

In this research, the surface dynamic changes of Lake Neor in relation to climate fluctuations (precipitation) during the period of 1988-2020 were studied using multi-temporal data. In order to detect the temporal-spatial changes of the lake water level, three different indices of quantitative water extraction (AWEISH, NDVI and NDWI) were used. The performance of each of them (general accuracy and Kappa coefficient) was evaluated in the form of Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithm and the Minimum Distance method. It was found that the AWEISH index had the lowest error compared to other indices used in the detection of water areas. The results of monitoring three decades of changes in the area revealed that the annual average of the water area of the lake has experienced a decreasing trend. This downward trend has become more intense during the last years of this period due to climate changes and occurrence of recent droughts. In order to optimally manage this lake, considering its environmental importance and tourist attractions, the boundaries of the lake's bed and privacy should be determined by the relevant organizations such as Department Of Environment, Water Resources Management Company and remote sensing researchers. Another suggestion in this regard is to use these indicators in places with diverse geomorphological, climatic and environmental conditions simultaneously to be able to have a better assessment of their accuracy in detecting water areas.

Ambiguous situations related to health such as the coronavirus pandemic produce various types of anxiety in people, which can be called death anxiety, after that, intolerance of uncertainty. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between Coronavirus anxiety and death anxiety and intolerance of uncertainty in medical students. This was a descriptive-correlational study based on the structural equation method, which was designed and implemented in the academic year 2021-2022. The statistical population of this research included all medical students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Accordingly, 350 students (with the educational background of interns or interns and students who went to the ward and at the patient's bedside) were selected as available sampling. The participants responded to Qabadian-Qadikalai's Corona Anxiety Scale, Templer's Death Anxiety Scale, and Freeston et al. Uncertainty Intolerance Questionnaire. The data were analyzed through SPSS-26 and AMOS-25. Death anxiety and uncertainty intolerance have a direct and significant effect on coronavirus anxiety (P<0.001). In other words, GFI (0.892) and AGFI (0.882) and NFI (0.629) obtained indicated that the structural equation model between coronavirus anxiety and death anxiety and intolerance of uncertainty has a good fit. Based on the obtained results, it seems that medical students due to their lack of experience in their job, were very anxious in front of the spread of the coronavirus. Therefore, it is suggested that in future studies, researchers should conduct this study using these tools or similar variables on other samples such as nurses and experienced physicians.

Dialogue is a signifying tool to show the content of the story and introduce its heroes to the audience. Hoda Barakat, a contemporary Lebanese writer who wrote the novel Brid al-Lil and won the 2019 Arab Booker Prize, is the narrator of letters that express the feelings of Arab immigrants and by unveiling the most important components of post-colonial studies, including the outstanding legacy in the field of fiction. has created. This essay with a descriptive-analytical method, by extracting the types of internal speech in the novel "Brid Al-Lil", how to relate the types of monologues in connection with the characters of Faroodestan, establishing a relationship between the crisis-stricken characters of the story with different strata of the narrator's society and raising awareness Readers have been written about the ominous idea of colonialism on the sovereign lands of the third world. The text of the research is full of different social, political and cultural messages in the crisis-stricken Arab land, which are presented in the framework of various internal and external discourses in the form of various monologues. The narrative style of this novel and the use of different types of narrators along with diverse viewpoints lead to the unveiling of many problems of the people of the author's land; At the top of all the problems, the continuous conflict of the people of Lebanon, the displacement and inferiority of the people of that land can be seen, and these topics are depicted in the form of a variety of idioms.

Verbal hypnosis as a communication technique plays a multifaceted role in strengthening working relationships in government organizations and acts as a catalyst for improving interpersonal and group communication, trust building and effective change management. The main goal of the current research is to design a qualitative model of verbal hypnotism in working relationships of government organizations. The research design in this study is qualitative and content analysis method is used. The statistical population of the present study are experts in the fields of public administration and psychology who have conducted research in the field of verbal hypnotism and verbal communication. The sampling method is snow neck, based on which 15 people were interviewed. The data collection tool was open semi-structured interview. Content validity (experts) and face validity were used to measure the instrument's validity. In order to validate the coding process and quality control of the questionnaire, Cohen's kappa index was used in the qualitative part. The findings of the research showed that the qualitative model of verbal hypnotism in the working relationships of government organizations includes 1. Synchronization and companionship with the experience and feelings of the audience (which includes: the first meeting, creating mental conflict to distract the audience, creating harmony with the audience, feeling valuable , asking intelligent questions and creating and maintaining effective communication) 2. Deviation and ambiguity in the conscious mind of the audience (including deviation in the conscious mind of the audience, ambiguity in words, downplaying the facts, attracting attention, processing social information) and 3. Accessing the subconscious mind of the audience (includes discovering unconscious stimuli, mental imagery, using special words and discovering new facts).

The concept of space identity with human habitation in cognitive geography has been considered in recent decades. This concept is studied in the format land-meaningfulness which is human insight in dealing with space identity and original position of community life. The land-meaningfulness has given to the meanings of human of from space identity meaning and concept that manifests it in the type of social configuration. This research has studied the faulty identity of Qazvin Baghshahr configuration with the noumenonology method and within the framework of the Isfahan school. The gardens around the configuration of Qazvin Bagshahr are a smart and astutely dam against floods. In the configuration of Qazvin Baghshahr, several bio cryptography plexsuses have maintained its sustainability and durability until today. The results of this study are presented in three statements:Some cities of Iran land – context have a faulty identity, such as Qazvin Baghshahr configuration.People of Qazvin Baghshahr configuration have kept this configuration in a sustainable way for 1000 years with the land-meaningfulness which is recognition of space identity through the division of the amount of flood water in the scrolls and documents of water division and the spatial arrangement of fields and gardens.The survival of any geographical phenomenon like Qazvin Baghshahr configuration is the result of the bio cryptographys plexsuses stability and their mechanisms during the 1000-year period.

The anxiety due to coronavirus has caused the emergence of a special class of anxieties that originates from this widespread disease and has challenged the psychological characteristics of humans. Therefore, the present study developed the corona anxiety model based on intolerance of uncertainty with the mediation of cognitive emotion regulation.

This is a descriptive study. The statistical population of this research included all the medical students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences who were studying in the academic year of 2021-2022. Based on the inclusion criteria, 350 medical students were selected by purposive and convenience sampling methods and completed the Ghobadian’s Corona Anxiety Scale, Freeston’s Intolerance of Uncertainty Questionnaire, and Garnefski’s Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using path analysis method.

Cognitive emotion regulation strategies can mediate the relationship between intolerance of uncertainty and coronavirus anxiety (Beta=0.481). In other words, intolerance of uncertainty through positive (Beta=-0.721) and negative (Beta=-0.321) strategies of cognitive regulation of emotion predicts the level of coronavirus anxiety of medical students (p<0.001).

The results of the present study suggested that psychological factors such as negative strategies of cognitive emotion regulation and intolerance of uncertainty are involved in corona anxiety. In other words, students' intolerance of uncertainty predicts an increase, and positive strategies of cognitive regulation of emotion predict a reduction in anxiety of corona.

In addition to human life, the suffering and pain caused by destructive behavior has penetrated into organizational life as well. The purpose of this research is to analyze the antecedent and consequent factors of destructive behavior of employees in the organization.

This research was conducted in the framework of a qualitative approach and using a meta-combination method with a systematic approach and the seven-step method of Sandelowski and Barroso. The statistical population under study includes all domestic and foreign researches published in the field of destructive behaviors, bad behaviors and supporting theories (from 2012 to 2022). In this regard, the keywords related to the purpose of the research were searched, and finally, 101 articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed using the three-stage coding method (open, central, selective) through MAXQDA software, were analyzed.

Based on the selected articles and surveys, 159 indicators were categorized in the form of 18 sub-dimensions and 6 main dimensions. The antecedents of destructive behavior of employees in three categories of individual factors (personality characteristics, suspicious attitude, collusive motivation, weakness perception, social rejection), group factors (repulsive leadership, humiliating atmosphere, friction-oriented attitudes, structural weakness), environmental factors (threat-oriented policies, upstream pressure and extra-organizational contracts) and the results of destructive behaviors with three categories of cognitive-emotional factors. Tendency to deviance, ambiguity, institutionalized pessimism) physical-motor factors (neuro-muscular tics, weak brain function and memory loss) behavioral factors (autocratic-authoritarian behavior, anti-productive behavior, harmful behaviors) were extracted.

Researchers in the field of organizational behavior can take positive and efficient steps by considering these factors in order to identify and reduce the destructive behaviors of employees.

The aim of the present study is to develop a model of entrepreneurial ecosystem in tourism businesses in Mazandaran province. The study is applied in terms of its purpose and considering the methodology, it is descriptive-survey with a mixed methods approach. First, using Meta-synthetic and Delphi methods, the qualitative model was developed including 34 components in six dimensions of politics, culture, support, market, financial capital, and human capital. Then, in the quantitative section, in order to assess the fitness and validity of the proposed model, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted by using Lisrel. In the qualitative and qualitative sections, sampling methods, was purposive and convenience, respectively. In the qualitative section, 15 experts and in the quantitative part, 103 entrepreneurs and people engaged in tourism businesses in Mazandaran province, participated. Results of CFA indicated that the proposed model, enjoys goodness of fit. Culture with 0.9 factor loading had the strongest effect while human capital (0.75) had the least effect on explaining the tourism entrepreneurial ecosystem structure. Additionally, to evaluate the current tourism entrepreneurial ecosystem in Mazandaran based on the same model, one sample t-test was utilized. Results of the t-test demonstrated that the tourism entrepreneurial ecosystem of Mazandaran is at its infancy. Thus, in order for the tourism entrepreneurial ecosystem to function properly, it is suggested that all sub-systems should develop and grow together so that the potency of the ecosystem may increase via synergy.

Considering the high goals of an organization, one of the most important tasks of organizations is to motivate employees as the strategic assets of the organization. The phenomenon of organizational insentience has been one of the main challenges in recent years and refers to a situation in which employees of the organization are not motivated toward their organizational environment. Accordingly, the present study aims to develop the scale of organizational insentience in the Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

The present study was conducted through a mixed method in 2022. The qualitative part has been done using the grounded theory approach and based on semi-structured and in-depth interviews with 21 experts selected through purposive and snowball samplings. Furthermore, the quantitative part has been done by the structural equations modeling with partial least squares approach and Smart PLS3 software. The statistical population of the research in the quantitative part included all the executives (110 people) of the Tehran Red Crescent Organization. With a random sampling method based on Cochran formula, 85 people were selected, and for further confidence and reducing the sampling error, 90 individuals were selected for the sample. To collect data in a quantitative part, the researcher-made questionnaire regarding organizational insentience derived from the research model was used. It included 34 items in the form of a 5-point Likert scale. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed through Cronbach's alpha coefficient, and combined reliability and validity were assessed through the construct validity method, both of which were confirmed based on the results.

In the qualitative part, after 3 stages of open, central and selective coding, the research model including 6 main categories (central category; causal, intervening, and background conditions; strategies and consequences of organizational insentience) and 29 sub-categories were presented. The results of the quantitative part showed that causal conditions with a significant value of (0.001) and path coefficient of (0.725) had a significant and positive effect on the central category, and intervening conditions with a significant value of (0.003) and path coefficient of (0.221), background conditions with a significant value of (0.002) and path coefficient of (0.410) and central category with a significant value of (0.023) and path coefficient of (0.334) had a positive and significant effect on strategies. Moreover, strategies with a significant value of (0.001) and path coefficient of (0.347) had a positive and significant effect on the individual and organizational consequences of insentience in Tehran Red Crescent population.

The results demonstrated that the model presented in this study was a suitable model for knowledge and awareness of managers in the field of concepts and categories affecting organizational insentience. Therefore, it is recommended that the managers of the Red Crescent Society use the model presented in this study to minimize the phenomenon of organizational insentience and increase employees' productivity.

The structural study of the novel as an outstanding literary genre by analysing the internal components and descrbing the relationships of these elements makes its inner layers clear to the audience. Influenced by pioneer structuralists ideas, especially Prop, Claude Bermon, a famous French philosopher and narratologist, designed a new model for structural analysis of narrations. A template that can be adapted to any language and style. According to this theory, narrative is a coherent and related set of sequences that makes up the structure of story. The combination and sequential process of these main and sub-sequences make the outline of the narrations. And the characters of the story play a role in shaping the plot and the series of events in proportion to their presence and influence in the narration. Zaraib al-'Abid's novel by Najwa bin Shatwan, a Libyan female writer, is a remarkable work in terms of structure and content. The subject of this realistic workis the story of the slavery system that dominated Libyan society during the years of occupation of the country by the Ottoman government and the beginning of Italian colonialism. In this research, the central characters and their actions and reactions in the course of the narration will be investigated in a descriptive and analytical way, and the course of events will be examined in terms of conformity and coincidence with the Bremon model. Based on the obtained results, it can be said that the arrangement of events and developments and their sequence have a considerable harmony and discipline and its main and central characters are dynamic and well-organized.

Iranian painters have always depicted the imaginary world in drawing and used imagination and trees are the most common element of nature in most images. the existence of old gnarled trees is one of the main features of the Mashhad schools, its prominent example is visible in Haft Awrang Jami. The Haft Awrang Jami version is the school's most important achievement and it is among the latest masterpieces of Iranian royal painting. In seventeen of the twenty-eight pictures we see of old trees. the last image of this collection is the Alexander's nose and his relief, which illustrate the story of Alexander's death. There is a huge, old tree whose branches are burning. to explore concepts and meanings of this tree, is used of the semiotics science in the process of this research. Bearing in mind that Iranian painting has a deep connection with literature and in the Haft Awrang Jami version, the relationship between the Jamaican characters and the fictional literature is hair-to-hair and in detail and the narrative images are clearly interpretations of the literal expression of the text in question, in fact derived from the mystical and ethical themes of Jami's poetry. so there must be a special connection between this character tree and the storyteller. the main question now is that the old tree's motif in the desired image What symbolic implications outside of its referential way implies? In this research, it is tried to think of the science of semiotics from the theory of Kress& Van Leeuwenin in his book with the name of reading images and Hammidreza shaeeri in a book as a sign-Visual semantics, in order to analyze text and image to the implicit concepts of ancient tree in the image Mentioned. The research method is descriptive, analytical and visual semiotics. The method of collecting information is a library. on the basis of the semiotics studies, the results show that the existence of a tree in this image is not just a visual cue to illustrate the nature & it has a completely symbolic aspect. By analyzing the semiotics in the structure of this picture and examining factors such as narrative processes, symbolic processes, and compositions, it can be concluded that the high tree is a sign created in a structure with the intention of representing the narrative. The tree symbol, with its symbolic features, has become a symbol in the image. A symbol of the power, ambition, life, sickness, and human immortality that made these qualities come alive. The tree that once was the source of blessings is being destroyed by social events. Sheikh Mohammed, influenced by these events and the turmoil that dominates society, and according to the storyteller who speaks of a tree that is originally a symbol of Alexander and is being destroyed by Alexander's death, it may have depicted Ibrahim Mirza in Alexander the Great, and Alexander's troops and mourners could be a metaphor for the people and artists who found themselves in disarray after the overthrow of Ibrahim Mirza.

      Flood is defined as an unconventional increase in river discharge. Complete protection from flood hazards is rather impossible. For those living next to floods, implementing new policies is necessary regarding land use management and development of residential areas along rivers to reduce the effects of destruction. One of the basic steps to reduce the harmful effects of floods is to identify flood-prone areas and grade these at risk. For this purpose, one of the solutions against floods is to prepare for a zone. By using zoning maps in watersheds, flood preparedness can be created. The purpose of this study is to perform the zoning of flood-prone areas in Talar drainage watershed and to calculate the damage in areas eroded and destroyed by floods in 20 meters of river, which due to the geographical location and weather conditions in recent years, this region has been faced with various floods and in this regard, the importance of risk zoning and management and planning of the region intensifies.

In order to conduct this research, input data including digital geological file, digital vegetation file, digital soil file, digital elevation model (DEM) with a spatial resolution of 10 meters, satellite image, and flood event statistics and information were used on 19 July 2015. HEC-1 model in WMS  was used to estimate the hydrograph of SCS unit in Talar basin and Kasilian sub-basin.To determine the flow and boundary conditions, the peak flow number for the flood of 19 July 2015 is 163 cubic meters per second. In order to zone the flood, software WMS and HEC-RAS models have been used.  Since the upstream and downstream slope of the river have a significant impact on the flooding process, the upstream slope is 0.02, and the downstream slope is 0.01. Water elevation points were imported from HEC-RAS program in WMS, and cross section profile plots were prepared at the location of sections located in rural and urban areas, and finally, water depth maps were prepared and compared for the event on 19 July 2015. The Kruger Method was used to determine the maximum instantaneous discharge for 50-year and 100-year return periods. In order to calculate the damage in flooded and eroded areas, a 20-meter area of the river has been considered. Then, the monetary values in each square meter of the covered uses have been estimated according to experts, and finally, the flood damage has been calculated. Duncan-Tukey and ANOVA tests were used to assess the hazard.

    In the SCS unit hydrograph, the peak time is 390 minutes for the Kasilian basin and 555 minutes for the Talar basin. The height of the current water level and the height of the water level at the critical level in some cross-sectional profile plots have coincided, which indicates the dangerous situation in these areas. The largest area of ​​flood zones in the flood of 19 July 2015  in Shirgah, Zirab, and Pol Sefid cities at a depth of  0.6  meters, Do Ab villages at a depth of  0.3  meters, Lerd and Rudbar villages at a depth of  1.2 meters, Darzikola, Vazmela and Sangdeh villages at a depth of  0.6  meters. The highest area of ​​flood zones in the 50-year return period is in Pol Sefid and Shirgah cities at a depth of  0.3  meters with an area of ​​181 hectares, and the 100-year return period in Shirgah with an area of ​​292 hectares at a depth of  0.3  meters. Also, the largest area of flood zones in the 50-year and 100-year return period in rural areas is located in the villages of Valik Ben Sang Deh, Darzikola, and Vazmela, with an area of 276.9 and 188.6, respectively, at a depth of  0.3  meters. The results of statistical tests in the risk assessment section showed that in total, two uses of rangelands with an average water depth of   0.57 meters have the lowest average water depth and urban residential areas with an average water depth of  0.84 meters have the highest average water depth.

According to the flood zoning on 19 July 2015, it was determined that the highest areas of water depth zones of  0.3 meters,  0.6 meters,  0.9 meters,  1.2 meters, and  1.5  meters are located in Pol Sefid city. The zoning of the 50-year and 100-year flood return period also indicates an increase in the area of ​​water depths of 0.3 meters,  0.6 meters, 0.9  meters, 1.2 meters, and  1.5 meters compared to the flood of 19 July 2015. Considering the area of ​​flood depth zones in the flood of 19 July 2015 and the area of ​​land uses covered by flood risk, it was determined that the most damage is related to the Zirab city in residential use with a damage of  266,482,744,183 Rials. Then the city of Pol Sefid with agricultural use with damage of 96,979,434,983 Rials and the city of Shirgah with garden land use with damage of 78,544,366,182 Rials. Finally, flood risk assessment with Duncan, Tukey, and ANOVA tests showed that residential land use has the highest average depth of  0.84 m, and Lerd rural area with an average depth of  1 m has the highest flood potential.

This research aimed to provide a dynamic model of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) in crisis management non-governmental organizations with a social approach (experimental evidence: Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran).

This applied research was conducted using a mixed (quantitative-qualitative) method to analyze the data. The statistical population consisted of university professors as well as the managers and experts of the Iranian Red Crescent Society, who were selected by the snowball sampling method. The total number of experts in the Iranian Red Crescent Society and in the academic community accounted for 10 individuals (n=5 each), and the sampling continued until reaching theoretical saturation. The required information was collected through observation, in-depth and semi-in-depth interviews, review of documents, and experts' opinions; finally, by using the exploratory factor analytical statistical method, appropriate measurement tools were prepared. In this research, the Delphi technique and the Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory-based Analytic Network Process were employed to determine and prioritize criteria and sub-criteria. For this purpose, the pairwise comparison matrix was used to determine the weight of the criteria.

In this study, helping behaviors, individual initiatives, organizational obedience, organizational loyalty, chivalry, civic virtue, and personal development were among the dimensions of OCB in descending order.

The results of this research showed that the consequences of OCB included an increase in performance productivity and effectiveness, the promotion of positive relations between employees, more efficiency in allocating resources, reduction in maintenance costs, the provision of necessary flexibility for innovation, improvement of customer service, and effective use of scarce resources.

Sport Entrepreneurship is one of the types of entrepreneurship which will directly or indirectly have great economic impacts. In the recent past years, the world of sports has witnessed changes in the sport economic policies which has made the need of sport industry towards reduction of dependence on the government budget more significant. In this regard, the present research has been conducted with the aim of presenting a development model of sport entrepreneurship in the professional clubs of premier football league. The research is practical in terms of purpose and exploratory mix in terms of research nature whereby in its qualitative section, it has presented a qualitative model by using thematic analysis techniques and based on the semi-structured interviews with 20 experts. In the quantitative section, the confirmatory-factor analysis was used by reliance on a questionnaire containing 40 realized questions to examine the validity of the  proposed qualitative model. Based on the thematic analysis, 40 basic themes, 10 organizing themes and 3 Overarching theme were identified by using the capacity of virtual media and having regard to the club departments and the trend of commercialization activity. Accordingly, the result of confirmatory-factor analysis techniques confirmed the bit of the three proposed models (overarching themes). By preparing the grounds for entrepreneurship development among the premier football league clubs, the research finding may, in addition to presenting diverse solutions for entrepreneurship creation, help the director of premier football league clubs in Iran to find solutions for their economic problem.

Geomorphosites are defined as Geomorphological landforms and processes that have acquired aesthetic, scientific, cultural- historical and social- economic values due to human perception of geological, geomorphological, historical and social factors. In recent decades, the vulnerability of the geoheritage that includes geological and geomorphological natural elements have been less considered in comparison with the biological and cultural heritage and thus its situation is constantly blurred in the conservation actions. The aim of this study is comparison of geotourism development potential of geomorphological sites in Sardasht region, based on education and tourism potential, through evaluation of them and providing appropriate solutions for protection and promoting of this place as a tourism destination. Study area with 45° 29′  E and 36° 13′ N is located in west Azerbaijan province, in the northwestern of Iran, which forms part of the Zagros folded mountains with trend northwest – southeast.

For this research based on a documentary study, initial data were collected and classified that was related to the research literature (Brilha and Zouros model was selected based on geographic conditions and geotourism attractions of the region). Then the locations of 5 geomorphosites and their topographic and geological information were derived from 1:50000 topographic maps and 1:100000 geological maps and field work. Finally, after selecting 2 geomorphosites (travertine spring of Kanigaravan and Shalmash waterfall), based on inherent value and additional value, identity sheet was prepared for each of them. Then during the field observations, pictures were taken of each geomorphosites and their locations were marked using GPS device and their distributions were drawn in Arc GIS software. Then the evaluation of each criterion was done using special questionnaires for each model that had been completed and ranked by experts (experts in geomorphology, geology, environment, tourism management and natives).The evaluation of geomorphosites according to criteria proposed models; the total value is calculated following the formula:Zouros model:Geomorphosite value = Scientific + Geodiversity + Ecological & aesthetic + Cultural + Potential threats & protection needs + Potential for useBrilha model:Geomorphosite value = Scientific + Geotourism + Educational + Degradation risk /4

In Brilhs model, the highest value are the indicator of degradation risk and the lowest value is the tourism indicator. In terms of the degree of risk of degradation, both geosites are in a moderate position, which if not managed properly, they could be at high risk of degradation in the not-too-distant future. The lowest scores of geosites in Zouros model are indicators related to potential threats & protection needs and ecological & aesthetic. The low tourism value of travertine forms of Kanigravan spring is the according to the model due to the lack of residential infrastructure, security and more suitable access than the geosite of Shalmash waterfalls. The lowest indicator values are related to potential threats & protection needand ecological & aesthetic in Zouros model. The highest rank of the indicators is related to the scientific value. Assessment of geomorphosites using the Zouros model is shown that Shalmash triple waterfall collection with score of 83 the highest rank and travertine forms collection of Kanigaravan spring with score of 71.5 the lowest rank has allocate.

It seems that the selected geomorphosites of Sardasht region have been less visited due to the high scientific score evaluated in the Zouros model and educational score in the Brilha model that it can be due to less recognition, weak scientific content by the international community and rarity at the national level. Due to the weakness of management actions to the geosites conservation of Sardasht region, educational programs should be provide for visitors, especially students for understanding the importance of the region’s geomorphosites and to further influence their insights on geological and geomorphological processes of the region. Programs such as identification of landform, based on global standard scientific methods to maintain the topography integrity and collection of rare samples to restoration and validity, assigning some geosites as geography lab (geomorphology), to a large and independent organization in the country, such as the ministry of science, research and technology. Initiatives schemes based on geomorphological sites assessment in this region sush as Brilha and Zouros model allow the local communities to gain experience and have had active participation in geoconservation and geoheritage management.