mohammadali sahebkaran

Consequent sports support - that is, those in which the sponsor participates in suspicious ethical activities - is a new research field. Currently, a limited understanding of how controversial sports support affects their supported and perceived impact. Therefore, the present article was aimed at presenting a model for evaluating the ethical relationship between the brand and the special value of the brand and the attitude towards advertising.

This descriptive-correlational study was conducted in a survey. The statistical population included managers, coaches and players of the Premier League, of which 176 were selected as available. The instrument of measuring the Questionnaire was the ethical fitness of the sports sponsor and the standardized value -specific questionnaire of the brand and the consumer attitude towards advertising. Finally, the data were analyzed by the modeling method of structural equations.

The findings from data analysis, using the method of modeling structural equation, showed that the moral proportion of the sponsor of the sport has a positive and significant effect on advertising.

Consumers evaluate the appropriateness of marketing initiatives by shaping beliefs about the goals of the corporation and their ethical acceptance of their initiatives. Therefore, in the field of sports support, people's beliefs about why a particular company supports a sports institution (such as a team) and whether or not the ethical support plan is appropriate or not on their attitude towards the sports team This and the value of that team should be effective.

The present study aimed to investigate the interplay between gender and personality types in shaping the tendency to study physical education at university. A descriptive survey methodology was employed for this study. The sample comprised 382 candidates (238 males and 144 females) aspiring to study physical education, selected through random sampling across various examination centres. The Myers-Briggs Personality Type Indicator (MBTI) and a bespoke physical education questionnaire were utilised to collect data. The content validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by experts, and the reliability was determined by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The data were analysed using two-way analysis of variance, followed by Bonferroni's post hoc test. The findings indicated that the interactive effect of gender and personality on the proclivity of candidates for physical education was statistically not significant (P>0.05). No significant difference was observed between male and female candidates in their inclination towards physical education (P>0.05), although a notable variation was found among different personality types (P>0.05). The variance in the propensity for physical education across various personality types highlights the pivotal role of personality in this regard. It is therefore advisable to consider students' personality traits in academic advising and during the selection process for physical education programmes.

The purpose of the present study is to design of the economic valuation model of Iranian basketball clubs was a choice experiment approach.

This study is analytical and descriptive. The statistical population of the study included four groups of faculty members, club managers, coaches and experts and, basketball veterans. Then, from each group according to the existing population, the sample was selected by a proportional distribution method. Therefore, in this study, 85 people were selected as a sample, which included 19 faculty members, 11 club managers, 23 coaches and, 32 basketball experts and veterans, respectively. For statistical analysis and also to present the proposed model of intangible assets of Iran basketball Club, Chioce experiment test and conditional logit and STATA13 software were used.

The results of economic valuation showed six models for valuation. Based on comments provided by the experts, sport federation officials, and basketball champion league, the fourth pattern was more practical than the other ones. The factor bearing the most amount of value in this pattern was related to the fans of a club with an acceptance inclination index of WTA: 2130673014 Tomans and the most amount of value for the inclination to pay indices was related to awarding one’s shirt to the fans with WPT of 1984774741 Tomans.

Considering the results of the present study, it is suggested that sports officials and champion leagues use the suggested model nonmarket assets of basketball clubs.

The purpose of this research is to perform a thematic analysis of challenges and solutions for the development of sports culture at home (Case study: Birjand city during the COVID-19 epidemic). Thematic analysis was used as a tool for qualitative research. Experts in the field of sports, including professors of sociology and sports administration, are the socio-statistics for the current study. Sampling was done on purpose. The interview was the research instrument in which 13 subjects participated. The interviewees and subsequently the expert academics analyzed and validated the study instruments (the interview), and the reliability was assessed using the intra-subject agreement technique, which yielded a reliability value of 0.81. The data were analyzed using a thematic approach. According to the findings of the semi-structured interviews, the obstacles and solutions for the development of sports culture at home are influenced by a number of elements. In the portion of the challenge, which includes 6 concepts and 26 open codes, they were divided into two primary groups such as information challenges and macro problems. Three primary categories—media focus, instruction, and human resources development—were noted in the section on solutions. Thirty-seven open codes and 8 ideas are divided across these three categories. The research's findings demonstrated that in order to foster a culture of sports at home during epidemics, we need to pay close attention to the categories extracted. This will help us plan more effectively for the growth of public sports in the future during epidemic illness periods.

The Iranian handball premier league needs to understand the engagement pattern of league fans to retain fans, develop league products and develop league-related strategies. Therefore, this study aimed to developing the pattern of engagement behaviors of fans in the Iranian handball premier league. This research was a type of mixed research that was done by modeling method. Based on the existing authoritative literature, the initial conceptual model of the research was developed and then evaluated with data from the Iranian Handball Premier League. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The content validity index of the questionnaire was calculated as 0.872 and the composite reliability for all constructs were higher than the suggested cutoff point of 0.60. 306 questionnaires were included in the final analysis. The partial least squares method was used to evaluate the study's conceptual model. The findings showed that the study's conceptual model is a good fit with the data obtained from the field of Premier Handball League. Fans of the Iranian Handball Premier League showed the greatest tendency towards non transactional extra-role behaviors. Therefore, the managers of the Iranian Handball Premier League can expand their fan base as well as social exchanges between fans by providing engagement opportunities for fans.

The aim of this study was to predict athletic success perception among physical education students by examining the role of body image and self-efficacy, with the mediating effect of achievement motivation. The research method was descriptive and correlational, utilizing path analysis. The statistical population consisted of male and female physical education students at universities in South Khorasan province, Iran in 2022. A cluster sampling technique was employed to select 311 students who completed the research questionnaires. The Perception of Success Questionnaire (POSQ), Body Image Concern Inventory (BICI), General Self-Efficacy Scale, and Sport Orientation Questionnaire (SOQ) were used to collect data. The confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis were conducted using SPSS24 and Amos24 software. The results revealed that body image and self-efficacy had a positive direct effect on athletic success perception. Moreover, body image and self-efficacy had an indirect effect on athletic success perception through achievement motivation. Therefore, emphasizing these constructs is crucial for athletes' success.

The purpose of this study was the comparison and relationship the emotional intelligence and psychological well-being between the active and inactive elderly of Shahid. The method of research in this research is descriptive and survey type which has been used to collect data in the field. The statistical sample consisted of 210 male who were selected from the Military personnel in Shiraz by Morgan Table. The instrument used in this study was Shut’s Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (1998) and Ryff Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire (1994). The statistical tests used in this study were multivariate analysis of variance for comparison between Athlete and non-athlete and Pearson correlation and regression to investigate the relationship and prediction of research variables. The results of this study showed that there is a significant difference between Athlete and non-athlete in emotional intelligence and psychological well-being and their components. The Athletes were better in emotional intelligence and psychological well-being, and their components were better than non-athlete. The results also showed a significant relationship between some dimensions of well-being with emotional intelligence among Athlete and non-athlete and also psychological well-being was a good predictor of emotional intelligence and its components in Athlete and non-athlete. Therefore, according to the results, it is suggested that non-athlete employees be encouraged to exercise in order to improve their psychological characteristics.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the evaluation indicators of professional volleyball coaches in Iran using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).

The statistical population of the study included all the female and males head coaches and coaches employed in volleyball premier league of Iran. The sample contained number to statistical population and finally 56 individuals participated in the study .The validity of the questionnaire the views and an opinion of academic experts and coaches experts of volleyball was approved. Reliability as well as inconsistency rate of 0.02 was evaluated and confirmed. For data analysis, Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and Expert Choice11 software was used

The results showed that the main performance evaluation’s indicators of volleyball coaches in Iran premier league to the tactical skills (0.191), professional relationship (0.185), social-relationship skill (0.163), psychological skill (0.145), technical skills (0.119), team management (0.102) and experience and athletic background (0.096) requirements.

Among the 42 indicators introduced, the indicators of the ability to pay attention to the team and convey their meaning to the players and consulting with assistants and assistant coaches have the highest weight, respectively, and the indicators of appropriate appearance and voting stability in decision making, respectively. The lowest weight from the point of view of professional volleyball coaches was Iran.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of social responsibility on organizational performance with the mediating role of organizational commitment from the perspective of employees of sports and youth offices in South Khorasan. The method of this research is descriptive-survey and the statistical population of the present study is all employees of sports and youth offices of South Khorasan province. Due to the limited statistical population, the statistical sample was considered equal to the statistical population (total number) (N = 186). In order to analyze the data and the relationships between the variables, Smart PLS3 software was used. According to the data analysis, the results showed that social responsibility has a significant effect on organizational commitment (r= 0.882) and organizational performance of sports and youth offices in South Khorasan (r= 0.316). In addition, for this organizational commitment has a significant effect on organizational performance (r= 0.592). The results also showed that social responsibility has a significant effect on the organizational performance of employees of sports and youth offices of South Khorasan through the mediating role of organizational commitment (r= 0.522). Therefore, all managers of sports and youth offices of South Khorasan province are recommended to increase the overall performance of their organization in order to have a more dynamic organization by increasing social responsibility and organizational commitment among the employees of their organizations.

The purpose of this study was to compare the brand communication dimensions in the clothing and footwear industry. This research was descriptive-correlational and its statistical population consisted of consumers of footwear and sports clothing in Iran. The statistical sample was estimated according to the Cochran formula. Finally, 379 questionnaires were used to analyse the data. The findings of this study showed that all the paths except for the effect of brand experience on satisfaction in both industries and the effect of experience on loyalty in the shoe industry was significant. The role of mediator of brand loyalty and satisfaction in all directions, except the path of brand experience to loyalty, has been confirmed in the sports shoes industry. Comparing the two proposed models, only trust path on brand satisfaction, had a significant difference between the sports shoes industry and the sports clothing industry.

The main purpose of this paper is to assess factors affecting on the satisfaction of athletes in earlier studies in Iran.

This study is a meta-analysis. The population of research was all scientific-research papers in  area of the athletes' satisfaction in Iran that 28 articles were selected with this criterion. Also, these articles were analyzed with the software CMA2.

The results of a systematic review showed that all researches in this field has been mainly descriptive - analytical and diversity of methods is low. Among the factors influencing on satisfaction of athletes, the leadership style and the power of coach were the most influential factors. Also, the results showed that the leadership styles of teaching and practice (effect size =0.5) and positive feedback (effect size= 0.33) , reward power (effect size =0.32) and expert power of coach (effect size =0.30) Respectively had the greatest impact on athletes' satisfaction.

In General or Generally,  the leadership styles of teaching and practice and positive feedback, and power of coach have the most impact on athletes' satisfaction. Thus, Iranian coaches can satisfy athletes by combination of  these leadership styles  and reward power.

Several studies have been conducted on the valuation of the intangible assets of organizations not relating to sport. However, there is no comprehensive study in the sport organizations especially in Iran. It is not clear what criteria are required at different levels by the sport organizations especially volleyball clubs to evaluate their intangible assets.

In spite of the increasing importance of the intangible assets in various industries, little has been done on the identification of the underlying factors and valuation of this category of assets in sport industry. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to design an economic valuation model of the intangible assets of the volleyball clubs in Iran.

The sample of the present study in the qualitative section consisted of 47 subjects with 600 subjects participating in the quantitative section. Through application of Cochran formula, the sample size was estimated to be 234 subjects. The study was conducted in a survey method. To this end, first, the intangible assets of the Iranian volleyball clubs were identified using a qualitative method and then analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM) PLS3 and SPSS22.

The factors with the greatest effects on economic valuation of intangible assets of Iranian volleyball clubs were communication capital, spiritual capital, structural capital and human capital. Thus, it was found that in the economic valuation of intangible assets of Iranian volleyball clubs, the indices such as the relationship between investors and partners and their loyalty in communication capital had the highest value among other indices. Further, the club history and success had the same status in promoting spiritual capital, governing culture of the club, development outlook document of the club in the structural capital, management of contracts, and the number of national players in the club in human capital.

The results of the present study suggested that the proposed conceptual model can be applied by researchers, administrative and financial managers of volleyball clubs and the experts of the privatization organization to have a more comprehensive and precise evaluation of the valuation of intangible assets of a club.

Today, education of entrepreneurs is considered as one of the basic and fundamental guidelines for the comprehensive development of a country.

So the main purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating role of innovative supportive environment in the relationship between organizational climate and entrepreneurship in physical education male students in universities of Mashhad.

This is a descriptive-correlational and analytical study and has been done by field method. The statistical population of the present study consists of all male students of physical education and sport sciences faculties in the city of Mashhad (1083 people). Among these students, 308 people were selected as study samples. The sampling method was cluster and simple random. Organizational climate questionnaire by Sussman & Deep (1989) and Moghimi (2013) and entrepreneurship questionnaire of Kevin & Slavin (1986) were used for data collection. Also for evaluating the innovative supportive environment, the questionnaire of Cheng Hava Tassi through a five-point Likert scale was used. The overall reliabilities of questionnaires were obtained respectively 89%, 84% and 92%. The software package of spss21 was used for descriptive statistics and the software of Liserl8.5 was used for confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM).

The study results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between all three factors of organizational climate, entrepreneurship and innovative supportive environment (55%). In this relationship, organizational climate (56%) and innovative supportive environment (74%) were effective on entrepreneurship.

Based on research findings, it could be stated that to have Entrepreneur University in the male student part, having merely organizational space is not adequate and the space that has innovative supportive environment should govern it so in interaction with each other causes increasing entrepreneurship in these students.

The aim of this study was the investigation of the efectiveness factores on organizational citizenship behaviors in the sports industry in Iran: meta-analysis of existing studies. The study is a meta-analysis. The study population was all the articles science- research in the field of sport on organizational citizenship behavior in Iran, that finally 41 articles were selected with this criterion. In addition, these articles were analyzed with the software CMA2. Results of a systematic review showed that research in this field, mainly descriptive, analytical and methods varidity has been low. Among the factors affecting on organizational citizenship behavior, leadership, organizational commitment and perceived organizational support, were influential factors. The results also showed that leadership style (effect size 0.60) and organizational commitment (effect size 0.51) and perceived organizational support (effect size 0.50) have the highest impact on organizational citizenship behavior in sport industry. The results showed that in variables investigated in previous researches, the main variables that can lead to citizenship valuable behaviors include: leadership style, the commitment of employees towards work and their organizations, and their perception of organizational support. Accordingly, it is suggested to managers and directors of sports organizations and clubs to develop leadership skills in particular development style, creating a sense of commitment to the organization's staff moral and material, have regular programs.

The purpose of this study was identifying and modeling of the development guidelines of sports for all among the female students in University of Birjand. The statistical population of this research consisted of 8246 participants among the female students in university of Birjand; the sample size with Cochran formula was 370 people. This research is a survey-based study and it follows a practical application. The data was quantitatively collected using a research-made questionnaire. After confirming the content validity of the questionnaire by the opinions of eight experts in the field of sport management, the reliability of the questionnaire was obtained using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. In this study, the University of Birjand solutions to the female students participation in sport for all identification; and then measuring Structural equation modeling and Friedman test. Data analyses with PLS & SPSS22 software. The results showed that the main factors in girl Students participation in sport for all were economic solutions, management, cultural Infrastructure and facilities, research and education. Therefore, it is necessary to institutionalize the culture of sport, recreation and sports programs and sponsorship of sport for all students trying in develop sport among the female students in university of Birjand.

The purpose of this study was to comparison study to the factors affecting on institutionalization of sport among students. This research is an empirical descriptive survey. The population of this study consisted of all the students attending Ferdowsi University of Mashhad (24078 students). Using Cochran Formula and an alpha level of 0.05, 380 students were selected as the sample of the study. Jami's questionnaire (2015) including economic, social, cultural, managerial, infrastructural, and motivational factors and also sports places was used to gather the data of the study. The content validity and reliability of the questionnaire were confirmed by experts and also the mean internal reliability for the five factors included in the questionnaire was 0.812. Descriptive statistics (percentage, mean, standard deviation, normal probability curve) and inferential statistics (Including one sample t test and repeated measure and Bonferroni post-hoc) were used to analyze the data. The results showed that all the five factors mentioned before are effective for the institutionalization of sport among the students and the authorities should pay attention to such factors.

The purpose of the present study was to identify and prioritize the problems of Sabah swimming plan from the perspective of schools administrators in Neyshabur city. The sample of the present study included all the elementary schools administrators in Neyshabur city (12o participants) in one educational year (2014-2015). The data of the study was gathered through a questionnaire which was constructed by the researcher. It included 20 items about the problems of implementing the swimming plan. In order to establish the validity of the questionnaire a semi-structured interview with 15 swimming trainers was conducted. Also, in order to examine whether the questionnaire is reliable, a cronbach's alpha was used. To analyze the data an exploratory factor analysis with oblique rotation and to prioritize the factors according to the non-normality of the data a Friedman test and a Mark post hoc test were used. The results showed that 96.7 of the administrators, 75.6 of the families and 94.4 of the students agreed with such a plan. After running an exploratory factor analysis, 20 indexes were considered which explained 66.269 percent of the total variance in the questionnaire. The problems of the plan were prioritized as follows: family problems, students problems, health problems, educational problems, managers and trainers problems, planning problems and problems related to the facilities and space. Problems related to the students and families were discovered to be the most important ones and managers should pay more attention to such problems for the better implementation of the swimming plan.

The aim of this study was to identify and prioritize the performance evaluation indicators in female volleyball coaches in Iran from athlete's points of view. Thestatistical population included all athletes (N=83) employed in Iran volleyball premier league in 2012. The statistical sample equaled the population. A researcher-made questionnaire including 42 performance evaluation indicators of volleyball coaches in a 5-point Likert scale (1=very low to 5=very high) was used. Meanwhile, 10professors and experienced volleyball experts and coaches confirmed the face and content validity of this questionnaire. The reliability was also calculated by Cronbachalpha (α=0.94). In order to analyze the data, the exploratory factor analysis with direct oblimin rotation, the Friedman test and Wilcoxon post hoc test at P≤0.05 were used. After factor analysis of data, out of 42 performance evaluation indicators, one was eliminated, and 41 indicators were categorized into 7 factors including: technical skills, tactical skills, professional relationships, team management, psychological skill, social -communication skills, and experience and athletic background. These factors were recognized as the most important factors in performance evaluation of female volleyball coaches in Iran. Also, there was a significant difference in the priorities of most performance evaluation factors of coaches (P≤0.05). Considering the high priority of technical skills and tactical skills, sport experts and managers should pay more attention to technical and tactical competencies of female coaches for a faster growth and development of volleyball for women.

The purpose of this study was performance evaluation’s indicators of the head coaches in professional volleyball premier League of Iran from the coaches and athletes point of views. The statistical population of this study included all the head coaches and coaches (24 persons), and (144 persons) employed in volleyball premier league of iran (2012-2013). The statistical sample contained number to statistical population and finally 138 individuals (82 percent) paticipated in the present study. A researcher made questionnaire was used which included 42 performance evaluation indicators of the volleyball head- coaches gathered by a semi-directed interview and was used in a five valued likert measure. The apparent and content validity of this questionnaire was also confirmed by 18 experienced expert and coaches of volleyball. The reliability was also computed through alpha kronbakh method (α= 0.93). In order to analyze the data, the discovery factor analysis metod with the inclined rotation (direct oblimined rotation) was used. According to the factor analysis results, eleven indicators were eliminated; and 31 remain in indicators, were categorized with the special value of bigger than one in to the following factors; team management, professional relationship, social-relationship skill, psychological skill, experience and athletic background factor and technical skills. From the responders point of views, the following factors in order were considered as the most important dimension in coaches performance evaluation indicators; social-relationship skill, team management, psychological skill, professional relationship and experience and athletic background. The indicator of team discipline during practices and games was in the first priority and the indicator of relationship with media was in the last priority. In general the club managers and specialists could use basis and important indicators and factors in order to evaluation the head coaches. However, considering the high priority of the social-relationship skill and team management factors, evaluation these skills is very necessary for the head-coaches that gained the technical qualifications.