جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « الرمز » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

The image has drawn the attention of critics, writers, and rhetoricians since ancient times. The study of the image occupied a wide and important field of interest in modern Arab criticism, and the trends differed between a critic influenced by the Arab heritage and another who tried to benefit from what he studied and reached by Western critics regarding the image, its importance and the elements of its formation. The Egyptian writer, Ahmed Fouad Negm, pleaded with various forms of photography, because of their great importance in constructing the poetic poem and its artistic beauty. This research deals with the study of the manifestations of the poetic image in the poems of Ahmed Fouad Negm, which has a fundamental role in drawing the thoughts and imagination of the poet based on the descriptive-analytical approach, which is to study the content of the image theoretically, and then search for the main topic that includes the verses in which the poet used types The graphic elements, in addition to the suitability of his image with the purpose he wants to convey to the addressee, and from this perspective, the research deals with the contents and structure of the image. During our study, we reached several results, including that Ahmed Fouad Negm started with the types of similes in the light of the wonderful poetic images, embodied the sensible things, and then rose to the spiritual and human emotions. The figurative images were more common and beautiful in his diwan than his anthropomorphic images.

Mahmoud Shukair is considered one of the most prominent writers affiliated with realism, especially when the local conditions in Palestinian society matured, which led to the dominance of the realist trend in the Palestinian novel. These political circumstances and events did not leave a trace of romance in literature, but rather imposed positive realism on literature, so Mahmoud Shukair turned to his society, and the concerns and pain of his people’s children became one of his active themes and the main themes of his ideas. His writing became an objective extension of the real-life story, in its connection with the Palestinian child's concerns and suffering. Some of his novels were a reality full of creativity, such as "I and Jumana," "Maryam's Words" and "Dreams of the Skinny Boy". That made us trace three types of realism in it, most notably documentary realism, which tends to convey reality as it is, and realism and the symbol that came to a realistic necessity, which prompted the writer to use it as a means to express his views, as a result of the suppression of freedom of expression, and the imposition of cultural siege. The third form in the stories is "fantasy," which is represented in the way the writer seeks to stimulate and stimulate the imagination of the child and is embodied in the child's dream of transcending the time and spatial limits… to fly into a new reality. We have come to the conclusion that his fictional production depicts reality, and conveys it faithfully, to expose it and then to change it with his new means, such as fantasy and symbol. This is what distinguishes Shukair in his narrative construction. We have sensed solutions and proposals that call for changing the reality; this in itself is positive in the narrative construction, and is in harmony with the realists’ positions, values and calls to criticize and change reality.

Since the main conflict in the Palestine issue is the struggle for land and place, the novelist’s place played an important role in the novel “The Strange Facts about the Disappearance of Said Abi Al-Nahas the Pessimist.” The place in which this novel is represented by a distinct symbolic role by which the writer presents the suffering of the Palestinian people through the suffering of the place by mentioning the many facets of him in his work. As for theorizing about space and space, there are semiotic theorists among them: Bashlar, Ghaleb Helsa, and Yuri Lutman. Yuri Lotman was a philosopher, linguist, and semis at the Soviet University of Tartu. Lutman is considered the founder of the Tartu School of Semiotics. He has authored more than 800 books. Among the most famous are: The World of Mind, Mechanisms of Unexpected Culture, Culture and Openness, and The Structure of Artistic Text. He "based his study in his last book on a set of spatial polarizations that appeared in the form of oppositional dualities that combine opposing elements and express the relationships and tensions that occur when the narrator or characters communicate with the places of events. Lutmann established an integrated theory of spatial polarizations based on the assumption that space is a group of homogeneous things from changing phenomena, states, functions, or forms, between which there are relationships similar to the usual normal spatial relations, such as connection and distance. Lutman divided space into four categories. From this point of view, we tried this article based on the descriptive-analytical approach, addressing the role of the place, especially the public places, and the endless place in the novel and its suggestive aspects. It is based on what Yuri Lumen has divided into four types: place, place, Public, and infinite place. We also tried a selective study of the place without a survey; because it requires a series of articles and can not be one article. The results indicate that Habiby shows in his novel the value of the historical cities. The city of Aleppo is used as a symbol of the slave and slave center. It also makes the pyramid a symbol of the branching within the reference to what Timor has done to kill and plunder ... and while we use Baghdad as a symbol of civilization and civilization, The mechanism of ablution. Habibi also shows his feelings and hopes when he uses the city of Haifa and Diamis Acre and tries to balance them. They are centers of launch, rescue, and happiness, and communication with the deep space and the relationship with the space object becomes the appearance of departure and rescue

Sufism in the specific sense means finding the truths of things through discovery and intuition. In fact, cognitive mysticism depends on the spiritual state and is not described, and is directly related to the Absolute Being and is manifested first in the human soul and human essence, and secondly in human actions and behavior. The use of representations and symbols to express delicate and complex Sufi concepts was common among the Persian mystics and poets in the early periods of Islamic mysticism, in particular Maulana Abdul Rahman al-Jami, as one of the last great poets of that period. The appearance of “water” had a clear and high place in the mystical stories and tales of these great people as it was used as a symbol of “knowledge”. The influence of this issue is quite noticeable not only on the poets of his time but also on the poets of our time. We aim in this research to study the impact and reflection of this thinking on the thought and poems of the contemporary poet Sohrab Sepehri as one of the most creative Sufi poets. In the poem "The Message of the Fish", Sohrab reproduces the word "water", which is the symbol of "knowledge", in Islamic mysticism in the best possible way and beautifully. Since Sohrab's Sufi thought, in addition to Iranian Islamic mysticism, is influenced by other schools of thought, especially Buddhist mysticism, this interest will be very important and worth considering.

This paper includes a study of the poem " From two roses ", a section of a long poem that Sa`id Akl recited in the memory of the poet "Shiblal Mallat". Saeed Akl was born to a   Maronite Catholic family in the city of Zahlé, Lebanon. After losing his father at the age of 15, he had to drop out of school and later worked as a teacher and then as a journalist. He then studied theology, literature and Islamic history. He considered one of the most important modern Lebanese poets. His writings include poetry and prose both in Lebanese dialect and in classical Arabic language. This study attempts to address the essence of poetry and poetics of style.  Saeed Aql composed this poem in memory of the poet "Shiblal Mallat". And it was originally a poetic memory before it became an ode. The study is based on the deliberative approach, and the most important results of the research are:  Saeed Aql is the poet of beauty, "Above all, and it is his right to show off to his peers what he has accomplished in this regard. Saeed Aql is a beautiful poet and in this case he is ahead of everyone.  The poem was representative of allegorical poetry with the beauty of music and the prowess of voice. A revolution took place in Saeed Aqel's life, which made him switch from mathematics to literature, but his passion for mathematics remained rooted in himself, and a poem became for him: an engineering dilemma, which he was trying to solve. He is the one who says.The poet is considered a creator who creates beauty, and the purpose of poetry for him is to convey the poetic state, not understanding, and he has the right to be proud of his peers for what he has accomplished for this aspect

As a pioneer in Iraq’s modern poetry, Shathel Taqa’s poetry instantiates variegated legacies, wherefrom the religious one has received more attention than the others in his oeuvre. He highlights evil figures in religious discourse such as Cane, Judas Iscariot and Al-Masih ad-Dajjal as the source of oppression and bloodshed. Through employing this discourse, the poet expresses human crimes and stages a revolt against any oppressor on the earth who has unlawfully brought nations under their dominance. A great poet with a high poetic talent, he has not, however, received the critical attention he deserved, causing him and his work to be disregarded. The study therefore attempts to bring to the fore Taqa and his work through analysing evil figures in the religious discourse as depicted in his poetry and the techniques he employed. The results indicate that the tumultuous socio-political condition of Iraq and Arab world impacted greatly on the poet’s emotions, ignited his sentiments and made him draw on religious figures including evil ones. In employing these figures in his poetry, he tried to maintain the consistency between form and meaning and the coordination between expressive techniques and poetic themes. He used a variety of techniques, including religious discourse, fictional mode and symbolism.

Saadallah Venous, as a theater creator, lived through the defeat, and became an intellectual and cultural concern, as he is aware of his goals and aspirations, so his theater is the theater of commitment, commitment to the homeland and its concerns, and he examines in his plays the issues of society and the people, including the repressive relationship between the theater and the people, and among these theatrical performances. O king of time) in which the issue of unity and collective consciousness is studied symbolically so that it is not confined to an era or state. This study aims to reveal the manifestations of the symbol and the nature of these symbols, the reason for their employment, and the extent of their integration in the play (The Elephant King of Time) through the social approach. Saadallah and Nous believes that a society that does not demand its rights from rulers and is complicit in the face of its power and injustice in all matters, this complicity becomes an introduction and a license to oppression of rulers more and more, and the ruler and the responsible forgets his duties towards the people and is not born of the negligent people, the revolutionary and the transcendent who aims at the people.

The use of symbols is one of the most effective ways that helps intensify the events and the theme in a short story. And it involves the readers in explaining and interpreting the codes, thus educating them socially and culturally. This study aims at exploring the Omanian experience in short short stories, seeking to study one of these experiences by a critical analysis of a group of short short stories entitled “Serinmat” by Waleed AL-Nabhani. The study will analyze the way the writer utilized different symbols intellectually and aesthetically, starting with the implications of the significant title. In addition, the use of enigmatic texts involves the readers emotionally in the presented phenomenon. This study will emphasize on the intentionality the writer is seeking by enfolding his themes and presenting them in the form of symbolic short short stories. And it will shed light on his perspectives about controversial issues in the Omanian society. The descriptive analytical approach was used in analyzing the data. The research will show that: the writer has managed to intensify his stories by the use of either brief or total symbolic expressions through the texts. His diversity in selecting the symbols and the sources he gained his symbols from are very broad including religious, historical, local heritage, and nature. In addition, he has skillfully invested the symbolic principle to establish his intentionality in preserving the ancient Omanian heritage, and to fulfil different cultural and educational goals, such as: Fighting worn out beliefs, urging critics to pay attention to various literary genres, and highlighting social and economic corruptions.

The second verse of Surah Al-Zalzalah informs us the discharge of the earth and her speaking on the Day of Judgment . This verse has been considered as a Metaphorical belief related to the Day of Judgment that reveals the functions of the earth in the Quran, by many commentators and scholars. On the other hand, exploring the ancient cultural beliefs of Mesopotamia and the Semitic tribes (such as Arabs) indicates that what is said in this verse is not only a figurative and metaphorical expression, it is also a non-metaphorical and right expression which has now reached us by the Qur'an.This study examines the reasons of this claim and then analyzes the commentators' approach to this verse. Finally, based on a cultural studying in the pre-Islamic period as well as the Muslim traditional material, reinterprets the above verse in its context.

The school of Realism has made heavy discussions among the critics, but it is accepted by almost all the sources that this school expresses the social and political realism without the exaggerated impressions. Moreover, the applied style of poets is what distinguishes each one from another and gives them a specific tone. Based on these two, we decided to study the styles of impression in the poems of Ahmed Matar who is considered to be one of the most prominent poets of the current era. Matar touches upon various political issues such as the weakness of the nation and their being oppressed. He highlights the injustice and crimes of the government. He also mentions the colonialism and the occupation of Palestine. The approach of this study is historical describing and critical analyzing to reach its results, including that Ahmed Matar has used several methods of prose to express the features of the political realism. He also uses riddles which are often used in popular literature; and descriptions that he sometimes uses reversely. Matar uses manipulation of letters, which is not common in poetry. And finally, using of symbols. For instance, he uses “cancerous tumor” as a symbol for Israel, in the body of the nation. So, Ahmed Matar could possibly be a voice for the fighting groups against the oppression and tyranny.

The sign as a symbol is a concept that is derived from the movement of some human organs or spatial and temporal positions and is more important and effective than verbal communication in places. In order to establish a good relationship, it is necessary to co-operate with the components in which the coordination between them can show us an interpretable connection, and the role of non-verbal communication is very important. The aim of this study is to examine the Nima's symbolic view as an innovative poet and traitor in different communication platforms and to achieve different reactions and reactions to the audience. The research, descriptive and analytical show Nima Youshij System " Srivilys Home" through non-verbal communication to reinforce the message of your verbal and has managed it to your audience spread the use of signs of nonverbal communication As with environmental conditions, the color and state of the body in this system are more impressive and the use of these signs to emphasize and highlight the expression and in order to induce the desired concepts Nima.

A symbol as one of the artistic imageries connects the artist's mind and his unconscious mind with the realities of the universe. The symbol is widely used in literary texts. In the children's literature, despite the simple mindset of the audience and the lack of comprehension of complex interpretations, the need for artistic use of familiar symbols to convey abstract concepts is necessary. Among the symbols, the natural symbols are widely used in the children's literature. Therefore, poet and author create some symbols out of elements of nature, such as the mountains, plains, and sea … so that children easily comprehend intangible concepts. This paper uses a descriptive-analytical method to analyze the natural phenomena in the poetry of Sulaiman al-Issa (1921-2013), a children’s poet of Syria and indicate the poet's purposes of using natural symbols in his poetry. The results indicated that the symbols were in line with the poet's ideals, that is, the creation of hope and raising the motivation of efforts in children and adolescents to achieve ethnic desires. The poet tried to pay attention to the goals of the Palestinian children and defamiliarize the face of some popular symbols to make them popular and change the attitude of children towards these creatures.

This article investigates the meaning of the symbols of resistance in the poem of Mohammad al-faitūri (1936). The poet has used many symbols and signs for his warrior purposes. and has sought to invade the Arab real existance of the Arab world through the Arab magnificent and brilliant past from the ravaged and repressed contemporary world. and liberate it from its long-awaited pudle life to promote and guide the Arab community through these symbolic components. From this point of view, we can say that these symbols in his poem are full of inspirational themes and deep implications of internal text, and as a result, numerous interfrence of these symbols and encodings can be presented; By investigating his poetry it can be find that he is cleverly try to link his Islamic and Arabic society heritage to the conflict in the contemporary world. This discussion begins with the preconditions that are required in accordance with the principles of modern writing. Then. they deal with different symbols of resistance and their artistic alloys in faitūri's resistance poetry; so far, we divide these symbols into five main sections: 1. Religious symbols 2. Historical symbols 3. Mystical Symbols 4. Urban and national symbols 5. Sparse symbols that can not be categorized as single title. This article with a descriptive-analytical approach aims at precede the symbols of the axis and objects with the focus on the most important properties of the symbolic elements of faitūri's poetry. Most noteworthy achievements in this article are that the poem of faitūri goes beyond the borders of Africa and his issue is not only Africa but also includes all Muslim nations. In the poem of resistance he has used religious and historical figures cities and various countries to express his revolutionary thoughts. these symbols have played an important role in provoking the spirit of revenge and in ignite the flames of resistance in the sentiments of the public. The symbols used in faitūri's poetry are often proportional to the problems that experienced by Arab countries to the extent that they are inspire by these symbols in the fight against autocratic and authoritarian regimes.

Literature or symbolism school is a major schools of contemporary literature. Changes in social systems, political, governmental, ideological transformations writers and communities, influence the reader, forcing the reader to meditate on the meaning concept have caused such writers and playwrights have been to this school, it was intentional writers, including playwrights to this school. Ali Oqla Orsan contemporary dramatist Syrians affected by the school dramas including "Sheikh Va Tariq" (the old man and way) wrote. The drama, which represent the social problems and proposed solutions was the author, contains some symbols, such as "through" (way) that we have on this research seek to decode it.In this drama, Gasser seeks way out of poverty in society. Along the way, he will be faced with different people, each symbol is one of the author's intellectual approaches. Gasser at the end of the track to the conclusion that the only way to end poverty and social injustice victory of the revolution that be achieved in collaboration with of all segments society and unity, decoding the symbol in this study has been made relying on psychological and aesthetic style of literary criticism.

Symbol as an artistic feature plays a significant role in the contemporary literary movement. It is an artistic instrument to reveal national status. Wind as a symbol is a natural element that has found its place in contemporary poetry; therefore, it has implications that are consistent with the experience of each poet. Samih al-Qasim, is one of the poets who has used natural symbols in his poem. As this symbolic word for him, is a word that expresses his interest to the reality of life and the events of his country. Natural features in his approach have various symbolic implications that the poet uses them to express his thoughts. This research, through descriptive-analytical method, shows that al-Qasim expresses his thoughts through nature and portrays the intended meanings. The purpose of this research is to express the position of the poet about his homeland and the reality of his life, as well as the most important implications of it. The results of this study indicated that the "wind" refers to the negative and positive implications such as Zionism, resistance, occupied territories, Palestinian warrior, hope of freedom, independence, the expression of annoying emotions and difficulty of life and the soul of poet. So it can be said that nationalism, patriotism, resistance, hopes for the better future are the main features of this revolutionary poet who shows his commitment to his nation and the condition of his country through symbolic expression.

Qods city has got a special place in Al-jawaheri's poetry and this city and its other names such as urshalim and mahbat al-rosel is repeated many times in his poetry book. This means that this word becomes a motif in his texts .
Motif is a word or a sentence or a thought or a subject has been repeated in the literary piece to expand that thought. This repetition gives it significance and meaning and is a phenomenon used for understanding the literary texts. That's because repetition has an active impact on the reader.
We concluded that Al-Jawaheri used a diversity of images of Qods to illuminate the grief of palestinians and the occupation of zionists. All this is for awakening the Arabic and Islamic nation against zionists. The poet used different images , figures of speech, writing methods, questioning, repetition, and symboles have islamic and Arabic implications.
Also, he used historic and religious accidends and personalities and by repeating the Qods motif he has made the reader live with the history of this city.
This descriptive study aims to survey the the Qods motif and the implications related to it. Also, the study focused on subjects such as fighting, resistance, encouraging people to free Qods, showing the causes of arabic failures and the government curruption.

This paper deals with analyzing symbolism and its various manifestations in contemporary poetry of Palestine. There is no doubt that resistance literature aims at revealing the oppressive face of enemy and unveiling its evil and animosity against oppressed nations. Therefore, this literature makes efforts to use all expressive tools and capabilities to describe the enemy’s conspiracies and frauds against different nations. The Palestinian poet has used the technique of symbolism as an effective tool for stating intellectual viewpoints and his suppressed emotions as well as depicting the atrocities and crimes of the Zionist Regime to the Palestine’s oppressed nation. This is why he has taken symbolism resources from history, religion, nature and literature. This study has reached to this conclusion that symbolism in this poetry collection has significant purposes among which we can refer to the influence on the audiences, persuading their emotions, and creating common understanding on the poetic topics.

Semiology or semiotics examines the relationship between sense and reference.Sense represents the outer form of language (phonetic symbols) andreferenceis indicative of the concepts of meaning and the main thought of language.By taking descriptive-analytic approach,the present study has attempted to examine the poem "QasaidtoYafa" by Abd-AlWahabBayati through semiology analysis at two horizontal and vertical levels.
Thepresent ode is replete with different signs and meanings whichmake it possible to haveinvestigationbased on different literary methods.At horizontal level, it has been found thatvarious symbols have been applied; the title of the ode also indicates that the poet has been inspired by his national heritage for the main theme of the ode.The main purpose of the poet is to oppress Zionist Entity andto make Arabic countriesin generaland Palestinein particular aware of the great danger like Israel.By using symbols and signs,Bayatihas tried to depictwhat happened to innocent people of Palestine and their children, events like murder and homelessness.His words and phrases revealsthesignificant achievements the zealous nation of Arab has obtained and by referring to Christ character and assimilating the Christ and Yafa people's fate, the poet has artistically portrayed the sufferings and agonies afflicted Yafa people. The vertical level of poem indicates that intrinsic and extrinsic rhythmsare compatible with the dominant thought of the ode and the poet has creatively produced rhythmic variations.