مجله سبک زندگی اسلامی با محوریت سلامت
سال ششم شماره 4 (پیاپی 31، زمستان 1401)

Rheumatism is a chronic disease with an unknown etiology, which is characterized by the main symptoms of widespread pain throughout the body and multiple sensitive points, mood cognitive disorder, including short-term memory impairment and reduced concentration, depression, tension, and anxiety, and morning dryness of the joints.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment of psychological consequences and rumination in female patients with rheumatic diseases in Tehran. This study was a controlled experiment with a control group and pre-test and post-test. The statistical population of the present study consisted of all female patients suffering from rheumatic diseases who referred to the Rheumatology Clinic of Imam Hossein (AS) Hospital in Tehran during the months of April to June of 1400 and after preliminary examinations and tests, the diagnosis received rheumatic diseases, formed 30 women with rheumatic diseases were selected by purposive sampling method and divided into two groups through random replacement (using a table of random numbers) and after random replacement, in order to comply with the principle of random application, one of the groups was randomly selected again. They were assigned as the experimental group under treatment based on acceptance and commitment (n=15) and a control group (n=15). 1995) and the rumination questionnaire (Nolen Hoxima, 1991). In order to investigate the effectiveness of treatment based on acceptance and commitment of psychological consequences and rumination, analysis of variance with repeated measurement was used. Three-month follow-ups were collected.

There was no significant difference between the two groups in the average of the variables of psychological outcomes and rumination in the pre-test stage, which indicates the homogeneity of the two groups, and the comparison of the post-tests in the two groups indicates the existence of a significant difference, which indicates the effectiveness of the treatment. It was based on acceptance and commitment (P<0.001).

The results of this research showed that the treatment based on acceptance and commitment can be effective in improving psychological outcomes and rumination in women with rheumatic diseases.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of transformational management on the dependence, integration and social cohesion of the employees of Modares Hospital in Tehran.

The method of the present research was descriptive and the research design was Pearson's correlation and structural equation test. The standard statistical population of this research is all employees of Modares Hospital in Tehran. The collection tool is the transformational management questionnaire (Bass and Olive) and the quality of work life questionnaire (Walton 1973), based on Cochran's formula, 347 employees of Modares Hospital in Tehran were selected as the statistical sample of the research. The reliability and validity of the instruments were investigated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and confirmatory factor analysis.

The obtained results showed the acceptable reliability and validity of the tools. Pearson correlation test and structural equation test were used to analyze the data.

The research findings indicate that transformational management has a positive and significant correlation on social dependence, integration and social cohesion. In addition, 92% of the variance of the quality of work life is explained by the research model.

Today, many organizations use from social networks for marketing. As a result, the aim of this study was presenting the business strategies model for marketing sports products in social networks.

This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was cross-sectional from type of correlation. The research population consisted of 2874 people of business experts, beneficiaries and stakeholders for the marketing sports products, and the sample size based on the Sample Power software was determined 370 people, who were selected as a sample with using the available sampling method. The research tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with 68 items, which its content validity was confirmed by the opinion of 7 professors and experts, and its reliability was evaluated as suitable by Cronbach's alpha method. Data were analyzed with exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling methods in SPSS-25 and AMOS-23 software.

The findings showed that the business strategies model for marketing sports products in social networks had 9 factors including the strategies of innovation, relation with customer, infrastructure, development, services, specialized human resources, promotion and advertising, pricing and products, which the factor loading of all factors was higher than 0.40, the average extracted variance of all of them was higher than 0.50 and the reliability of all of them was higher than 0.70. Also, the business strategies model for marketing sports products in social networks had a good fit, and the strategies of innovation, relation with customer, infrastructure, services, promotion and advertising and pricing on the product strategy, the strategies of innovation, infrastructure and specialized human resources on the development strategy and the strategy of product on the strategy of specialized human resources had a direct and significant effect (P<0.001).

According to the findings of this research, business professionals for marketing sports products in social networks can use the results of this study and take an effective step in marketing.

In this research, applied in terms of purpose, combined (quantitative and qualitative) in terms of the type of data search and descriptive-exploratory in terms of the data analysis method, the purpose of designing a model to explain the effective factors on strengthening job motivation in amateur sports coaches of the country with emphasis on Herzberg's two-factor theory of motivation - health.

The statistical population in the qualitative part of the research includes 30 people (10 women - 20 men) from university teachers, teachers of federations in sports fields with international and national coaching degrees, and heads of sports associations and committees in a targeted manner and using The snowball method was chosen. In the quantitative part, the statistical population included sports coaches working in sports clubs of municipalities, general administrations of sports and youth and education all over the country. Considering the unlimitedness of the statistical population, the statistical sample was calculated using the multi-stage cluster and simple random sampling method and using the Cochrane relationship formula of 384 people. The research data collection tool in the qualitative part was an in-depth and exploratory interview, and in the quantitative part, a researcher-made questionnaire derived from the interview in the qualitative part consisted of 4 factors, 12 components and 78 items based on a five-point Likert scale. To analyze the data and answer the research questions from the methods of confirmatory factor analysis and structural equations, Cronbach and Guttman's alpha test to check the reliability of the tool and convergent and divergent validity, Kolmogorov Smirnov test to check the normality of data distribution, exploratory factor analysis test to check and discover Effective factors on job motivation, Friedman's test to rank between the factors effective on job motivation, using Atlas/TI 8 software (in the qualitative part) and in the quantitative part using Lisrel software version 8.8 and SPSS version 20 software. became

Based on the findings of the research, the identified factors effective in strengthening the career motivation of sports coaches, including 4 factors (individual, contextual, organizational, managerial-leadership factors) in the form of selective coding, 17 components in the form of axial coding and 78 items ( index) in the form of open coding was the factor.

Among these factors, the organizational factor was the first priority in terms of importance. The obtained model of the research was of good fit.

From the point of view of the World Health Organization, health means complete physical, mental and social well-being. From the point of view of Islam, these aspects are in alignment with the Quranic teachings and guidelines that guarantee the evolutionary movement and mental health of man. Social health means how to evaluate a person's performance in society, and Keyes' social health model is one of the most commonly used models in measuring social health. Since Keyes criteria are not compatible with Iran's cultural, religious and social criteria, the researchers decided to examine Keyes' five dimensions of social health with a Quranic approach.

Human life in different eras has always had the special requirements of those eras as inevitable, contemporary human life also has its own requirements that these requirements are mainly affected by the comprehensive development of contemporary human technology in various fields of science. Some of the most important of these requirements are: rush and acceleration in lifestyle; Speed in communication; Secularism; Welfare; Luxury-oriented; Types of ruptures; Consumerism; Changing values and cyberspace. Although some of these cases have existed in human life since ancient times and are mentioned in the Holy Quran and Nahj al-Balaghah, but with the development of new technology, human neglect has increased and deepened.The finding of this research based on the Holy Quran and Nahj al-Balaghah is that since the remembrance of God is the most effective factor in neglecting human beings and on the other hand avoiding the necessities of contemporary life is irrational and impossible, the duty of professional and religious designers and planners is that In their design and planning, in terms of hardware and software, they should act in such a way that, firstly, that technology, if it may cause mention and remembrance of God, and secondly, if it is not possible, at least in its own way, make users' minds unaware of God. Does not. And the duty of others is that, according to the verse of the men, there is no trade for them and no sale without the remembrance of God; (Light 37) In spite of the unavoidable necessities of contemporary life, let them cope with these necessities and live in such a way that those necessities do not neglect the remembrance of God in any way possible and under any circumstances.

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining and comparing the effect of positive normative feedback on simultaneous and delayed observational learning of racket aiming skills of adolescent girls.

This research is semi-experimental, the participants were 40 girls aged 16 to 18, who were randomly divided into two groups of simultaneous observational learning and delayed observational learning. The implementation protocol lasted for 3 days and the task was to execute a tennis forehand shot with the non-dominant hand towards a concentric target on the floor. on the first day of the pre-test, then the acquisition phase after an hour of rest after the test; On the second day, the memorization test was performed and on the third day, the transfer test was performed. For the simultaneous group, the video was playing at the same time as the people were performing, but for the delayed group, they started tapping after the end of the video. In order to determine the effects of independent variables, SPSS statistical software version 26 was used to analyze the data of this research. Descriptive statistics were used to draw graphs, average and standard deviation, and inferential statistics (variance analysis) were used to analyze hypotheses.

No significant difference was observed in the stages of memorization and transfer.

Based on the results of the present research, the delayed observational learning group performed significantly better in the post-test stage compared to the simultaneous observational learning group.

This research tries to analyze the concept of travel and its effects on physical & mental health from the perspective of Islam.

This research has been done by documentary method and descriptive-analytical approach.

This research shows that in the religious perspective, travel per se is Mobah. With considering the juxtaposition of Ayat and Ahadith, it was concluded that travel is a special type of education, and considering the fact that several Aya and Hadith with different tones recommend and invite people to travel, it can be Considered as a distinct phenomenon. The most important benefit and effect of travel is physical health. This is prescribed through travel, whether as a tool or the ultimate goal (in the form of travel-therapy) by many doctors and psychologists, especially for the elderly or people with mental health problems. In fact, it is a confirmation of the sacred narrations. In addition to physical health, travel is a prelude to one's theology, self-knowledge, and worldview, thereby providing inner peace, hope for the future, & self-esteem. Examining the narrations & considering the scientific facts, it seems that travel is the source of physical & mental health of human beings.

The results of this research indicate that in addition to the physical & mental health of individuals, travel leads to better acquaintance and understanding of followers of other religions, faiths, nations, brings peace and public health. Despite the myriad benefits, it seems that travel has not been well received.

In recent years, demographic changes have occurred dramatically in the world. One of the most important of these changes has been the unprecedented decrease in fertility in most regions of the world. In Iran, with the expansion of modernity processes, many aspects of life have changed that including the attitude of families towards having children. Severe decrease in fertility has been a common phenomenon in recent decades.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted cross-sectionally in 2022. The target population consisted of married employees of childbearing age of administrations and assistants covered by Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, who were selected by census method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made checklist with demographic and specialized questions in accordance with the objectives of the study and in the dimensions of personal, economic, social and physical and mental health. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficient, independent t test and one-way analysis of variance.

In this study, women made up the largest percentage of participants (54.4%). In terms of ethnicity, the majority of the participants were Fars. The education of 50% of the participants was graduate or higher. In this study, economic factors and then social factors showed the greatest impact on not wanting to have children.

The findings of our study indicate that various factors play an important role in the formation of fertility tendencies, the most important of which were economic and social factors. Also, the results showed that aggressive policies without education and acculturalization cannot be effective in increasing the desire to have children, but the adoption of any demographic and educational promotion policy should be implemented by considering all factors and in the long term.

The purpose of the present study was to provide a model for the development of cycling during the Covid-19 pandemic.

The study was qualitative, with a grounded theory approach. Participants were selected through purposive sampling. The interviewees consisted of all professors of sports management and sports managers and experts. The research tool was a semi-structured interview and the results were analyzed by open, axial and selective coding.

After analyzing the interviews, in relation to causal factors, 6 categories of individual causes, cultural causes, managerial causes, causes of sustainable development, health causes and infrastructural causes were obtained; In the contextual factors section, 8 categories of individual factors, women's sports factors, economic factors, structural factors, manpower factors, infrastructure factors, managerial factors and supportive factors were obtained; In relation to the intervening factors, 5 main categories of media interventions, event interventions, organizational interventions, incentive and motivational interventions and urban and citizenship interventions were identified; In relation to strategies, 7 main categories of economic approaches, improvement of sports infrastructure, inter-organizational interactions, institutionalization of sports culture, continuous evaluation and control, development of human resources capabilities and diversity and multiplicity of events were identified; In the section on consequences, 4 main categories of promotion of physical abilities, social development, culture building and psychological consequences were obtained.

According to the results of the research, the Ministry of Sports and Youth and the Cycling Federation are proposed to unify the procedure and formulate short-term and long-term cycling development plans based on the results of this research.

The main goal of this research is to provide a model for measuring the educational efficiency of Islamic Azad University faculty members.

The current research is practical in terms of objectives because the purpose of this research is to develop practical knowledge in a specific field, in terms of the method of data collection, it is survey type. The statistical population includes 1776 full-time assistant professors and above in the free universities of Tehran, 316 of whom were selected by random-cluster method based on Morgan's table.

The tool used in this research includes a 125-item questionnaire of interest measurement model. It is educational. Instrument validity was achieved by confirmatory content validity of the CVR. And its reliability was obtained through Cronbach's alpha equal to 0.776.

The results of the implementation of the measurement method showed that all the dimensions related to the causal variable, the main phenomenon, context makers, intervening factors (barriers), strategic conditions and results (consequences) at the confidence level of 99% have a factor load and t test have been higher than 2.58.

This research was conducted with the purpose of getting to know the political role of agents in the government and its impact on the lifestyle of Muslims.

Since the lifestyle of political agents is a fundamental and real part of society's progress, this matter should be paid more attention than in the past. The correct and well-considered behavior of officials plays an essential role in strengthening the foundations of the government and its permanence, and this work is only possible by choosing worthy and worthy people and paying attention to their continuous political training, because position and power may gradually cause deviation or Change their nature.

Therefore, the selection and appointment of officials of various administrative and executive levels is one of the important and necessary issues and one of the serious duties of the Islamic government. Because the most important factor for the durability of a system and government is the wisdom and competence of the officials and agents of that system. The importance of government agents is such that every society should benefit from worthy and committed agents in order to be able to see prosperity and improve its affairs. Regarding the importance of the role of agents in the stability of a system, it is enough that the weakness of the agents of that political system has caused its legitimacy to deteriorate even in cases where it had initial legitimacy. Time to gain popular acceptance and legitimacy.

Therefore, the durability and consistency of governments depends on the role of government officials. Also, the spread of Islamic values in the society for Islamic civilization is possible by modifying the lifestyle of agents. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical with library technique.

This research has been done with the aim of investigating the level of attention of the educational system to the identification of superior talents in the elementary school. In terms of the purpose of this research, it is among applied research and its design was descriptive-survey. The statistical population included 373 primary school teachers in Tehran. Qualitative sampling was clustered and stratified. The research tool was a questionnaire. One-sample t-test was used to analyze the research data. The results of the research showed the level of attention paid by the primary education system to identifying superior talents in 21 components (observing students' intellectual and behavioral habits; preparing behavioral checklists for students; organizing friendly and pressure-free competitions between students; performing talent tests; intelligence logical and mathematical; physical and motor intelligence; verbal intelligence; naturalistic intelligence; musical intelligence; individual (social) intelligence; visual (spatial) intelligence; learning abilities; interests and hobbies of students; personality traits; employing professional teachers; raising the quality level of the program curriculum; supplementary and extracurricular education; guidance and counseling system; periodic meetings; building trust between home and school; empowering parents) are not appropriate.

In the last two decades, religious behaviors have been studied as factors affecting lifestyle and improving mental health, and various researchers have sought to identify behaviors that have the greatest impact on lifestyle and mental health components. One of these religious behaviors that has been of interest in Islam is praying in congregation. The present study was conducted with the aim of explaining the phenomenology of the effects and consequences of congregational prayer and its effects on the lifestyle and mental health of students, employees and faculty members of Farhangian University of Ardabil province.

This research is practical in terms of purpose and phenomenological in terms of method. In this research, in order to investigate the effects and psychological-social consequences of congregational prayer, 24 expert and knowledgeable people were used, using criteria-based purposeful sampling until reaching theoretical saturation. The data collection tools were semi-structured interviews and scientific documents. And in order to analyze the data, it was done using the theme analysis method and using open, axial and selective coding in the MAXQDA2018 software. The validity of the research findings was ensured by using methods of review by members, peer review, and the collaborative nature of the research. Also, in order to measure the reliability of the done codings, retesting and intrasubject agreement methods were used, which obtained 80 percent and 79 percent, respectively. Since they were higher than 70 percent, its reliability was confirmed.

The results showed that the number of primary concepts obtained from the interviews was 73 concepts, in the form of three main individual themes including sub-themes (closeness to God, commitment to Islamic ethics and human excellence), social and family themes including sub-themes ( Social cohesion, increasing morale and strengthening social (psychological) harmony were divided into sub-themes (decreasing psycho-physical tensions, mental health and moral virtue).

Based on the obtained results and for the practical application and use of Namaz works in different dimensions of life in the society, the serious will of influential factors in this field is necessary.

This research was carried out with the aim of analyzing the main elements and implementation challenges of the think-aloud protocol.

This research is a qualitative type of research that was done with the library method. The statistical population of this research is all the scientific articles related to the think-aloud protocol that are indexed in the databases. The research tool is also a checklist.

The two basic things that are required in loud protocol research are training and reminder. Also, among the challenges in this method are the real management of thinking aloud protocol, increasing the duration of the method compared to other methods, the possibility of distorting the reports provided by the participant, the need to interpret the processes before learning more than The limit occurred, retelling whatever came to mind even if it was irrelevant, noted the reactivity and realism of the think-aloud protocols.

By using good performance practices in the aloud thinking process, people who use aloud thinking protocols have better strategies for solving current problems and can also gain more content knowledge while doing so. This method may be very helpful in special training and intervention, such as teaching math problem-solving skills or teaching a second language, considering how to support participants.

Professional training of Farhangian University students plays an important role in creating transformation in the education system. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of identifying the dimensions and components of professional training of Farhangian University students based on the epistemological foundations of education.

This study in terms of purpose was applied, in terms of time was cross-sectional and in terms of implementation method was qualitative. The research population was professional training documents based on the epistemological foundations of education and academic experts of Farhangian University in the academic years of 2020-21 including 12 documents and 30 academic experts who were selected according to the principle of theoretical saturation with the purposeful sampling method. The research tool was a semi-structured interview with 3 main questions and a number of secondary questions with average interview duration of 2 hours, which whose validity was confirmed by the triangulation method and its reliability was obtained by the agreement coefficient method between two coders of 0.82. To analyze the data obtained from the review of documents and implementation of interviews were used from open, axial and selective coding method in Maxquda software.

The findings showed that the professional training of Farhangian University students based on the epistemological foundations of education had number of 64 indicators, 9 components and 3 dimensions. The dimension of professional missions with 19 indicators were included three components of education in accordance to the criteria of Saleh school, principles of continuous transformation and motivation in the direction of growth and prosperity, the dimension of professional requirements with 37 indicators were included four components of having professional knowledge, having professional abilities, having professional attitudes and having professional insights and the dimension of professional performances with 8 indicators were included two components of common performance and specific performance.

Considering the identified dimensions and components of professional training of Farhangian University students based on the epistemological foundations of education, it is necessary to plan to improve the professional training of Farhangian University students.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between reality testing and thematic relationships with the mediation of defense mechanisms in bereavement disorder.

The descriptive research method was correlation type. The statistical population includes all the people who referred to the psychological clinics of the 1st district of Tehran with the diagnostic criteria of grief disorder in 1401. The sample size according to the number of observed variables and assigning a coefficient of 15 for each observed variable, 240 people were selected using the available method. The data collection tool was Bell's (1988) Thematic Relations and Reality Test Questionnaire and Anders' (1993) Defense Mechanisms Questionnaire. In this research, Pearson's correlation test and SPSS22 and Amose 23 software were used to analyze the data obtained.

The results of the research showed that the indirect relationship between thematic relationships and reality testing through defense mechanisms (β=0.28) is significant (p≥0.01).

People with grief disorder, their anxiety level is lower and the level of irritability and impulsivity of these people is higher. Due to their mental conditions, these people create an image of reality instead of reality in order to achieve a relative level of health and mastery over the surrounding world. In addition, they have less ownership over their intrapsychic experiences.

Investigating and evaluating the capability of employees can play an effective role in improving the position of the organization and creating a competitive advantage for it. Therefore, the aim of this study was to presenting a model of the impact of professional capability on the evaluation of the capability of non-faculty employees of Islamic Azad Universities of Tehran province.

This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was cross-sectional from type of correlation. The research population was all non-faculty employees of Islamic Azad Universities of Tehran province in 2022 year (3069 people). The sample size was estimated to be 345 people based on the Krejci and Morgan table, who were selected by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. The research tools were researcher-made questionnaires of professional capability of employees (19 items) and evaluation of the capability of employees (16 items), which their validity was confirmed by experts and their reliability with Cronbach's alpha method was obtained above 0.70. Data were analyzed with exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling methods in SPSS-V23 and Lisrel-V8 software.

The findings showed that the professional capability of employees has five components of job meaningful feeling, job competence feeling, having the right to choose, effective feeling and participating with others and evaluation of the capability of employees has four components of knowledge and quality of work, initiative, cooperation and leadership; So that the factor loading of all components was higher than 0.80, the average variance extracted of all them was higher than 0.60 and the Cronbach's reliability of all them was higher than 0.70. Also, the model of the impact of professional capability on the evaluation of the capability of non-faculty employees of Islamic Azad Universities had a good fit, and the professional capability of employees had a direct and significant effect on the their evaluation capability (P<0.05).

Considering the positive effect of the professional capability of employees on their evaluation of the capability, specialists and planners of the Islamic Azad University to promote the professional capability of employees can improve their professional capability through educational workshops.

The purpose of this research is to provide a model for aesthetic education in elementary school.

The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of the nature and method of data collection. And it is specifically based on structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the research was 5320 people of all primary school teachers in Tehran, and according to Cochran's formula, 328 people were selected as a sample and sampling was done by cluster method. The collection tool in the current research is a researcher-made questionnaire. In order to analyze the data, structural equation technique was used using PLS statistical software and SPSS statistical software.

For the overall fit of the model from the test (GOF) by confirming its fit and according to the research results, the obtained number is equal to 0.29, as a result, the model has an average fit.

Also, the results of the analysis of the opinions of experts, experts and experts indicate that the model has the ability to be implemented for aesthetic education in elementary school.

The purpose of this study was to investigate and explain the duty-oriented approach to citizenship from the perspective of international law.

The research method used in this article was descriptive-analytical. The citizenship coin has two sides; Right-oriented and duty-oriented. The relationship between right and duty is a solid and inseparable relationship in the discussion of citizenship rights in the international system.

The results of the research showed that since the full realization of citizenship rights in the international system and the enjoyment of freedoms is not possible without predicting and observing the duties of citizenship, on this basis, in addition to predicting and guaranteeing different rights for citizens, various tasks for Citizenship is also foreseen.

However, considering that international law is not affected by the specific point of view of a government or a country, which takes into account independence, territorial integrity, national order and security, goals and national interests, and assigns duties to its citizens and performs certain duties. to predict, on this basis, international law has entrusted the determination of tasks and duties of citizens to a government to which these citizens are subject to that government. Based on this, in international law, each government has predicted duties and responsibilities for its citizens in accordance with its governance conditions.

Kidney diseases are one of the physical diseases that make a person and his lifestyle face various problems that unintentionally involve their families and require their special care, which can affect the mental state of the caregiver. to damage The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of family resilience training with cognitive-spiritual hope training on compassion fatigue and distress tolerance in caregivers of kidney patients undergoing hemodialysis.

The research method was an experimental type with two experimental and control groups with a pre-test and post-test design and a 45-day follow-up. Research 60 caregivers were selected through available sampling and were randomly divided into three groups of 20 people, the people participating in the research in three stages to the compassion fatigue questionnaire (Khosravi et al., 2021) and Simmons questionnaire. and Gaher (2005) answered, the collected data were analyzed at two levels of descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential variance statistics with repeated measurements and Bonferroni's post hoc test. SPSS version 24 software was used for data analysis.

Data analysis showed that teaching hope in a cognitive-spiritual way on compassion fatigue (F = 16.75, P < 0.01) and distress tolerance (F = 6.86, P < 0.01) has had a significant impact and there was no significant difference in terms of effectiveness.

According to the findings of the present study, it is possible to use cognitive-spiritual hope training and family resilience training to reduce compassion fatigue and increase distress tolerance in caregivers of kidney patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Regular exercise training with different volumes by date palm pollen extract is an effectives strategy in improving gene expression and neuromuscular function. The purpose of this study was to determine the Effect of four weeks of increasing resistance training with date palm pollen extract on the gene expression of CHRN-G and Semaphorine-a3 in the Gastrocnemius muscle of healthy male rats.

This is an experimental study. For this purpose, 42 six week old healthy of male rats were divided into 6 groups of numbers 7; Control (C), Resistance training (TR), Testosterone (T), SUP (S), Resistance training with extract (RT+SUP), Resistance training with Testostrone (RT+T). Extraction was performed with 90% ethanol at a rate of 670 ml and repeated three times. The extract was concentrated in vacuo and the solvent was completely removed. The extraction efficiency was 87.17%. Consumption of the extract at a dose of 100 mg / kg per day to the extract groups and exercise with the extract was gavaged intraperitoneally. Testosterone at a dose of 2 mg / kg per day was injected into the testosterone and testosterone training groups.increasing resistance training, extract and testosterone interventions were performed for five days a week for four weeks. After 24 hours the last training session and  afterward recovery, subjects were sacrificed and their gastrocnemius muscle was extracted. PCR Real time was used to determine the expression of CHRN-G and Semaphorine-a3 genes. to compare the groups independent Two way anova was used at alpha level of 0/05.

genes expression of CHRN-G in the training with extract group (P=0.024) and training with testosterone (P=0.045) respectively showed a significant decrease compared to the extract group. Semaphorine-a3 of gene in the training with extract group (P=0.016) respectively showed a significant decrease compared to the extract group. Weight did not significantly change in any of the groups.

It seems that possibly 4 weeks of increasing resistance training with consumption of date palm male pollen extract can improve neuromuscular function by reducing the expression of CHRN-G and Semaphorine-a3 genes in the presynaptic space.

This research was done with the aim of establishing knowledge management and designing its optimal model.

Therefore, by using a mixed approach and by using metacomposition methods and interpretive structural modeling, it has measured the state of maturity and designed the optimal model of knowledge management deployment in the rowing federation. The meta-combination results led to the identification of 98 sub-indices (codes), 14 indicators and 3 main dimensions in the establishment of knowledge management, which were localized and screened with the opinion of academic experts and organizational process consultants and the use of the Delphi method, and by using them the level of maturity The knowledge management of the rowing federation was measured. In the following, with the interpretive structural modeling method, the leveling of knowledge management establishment indicators has been done.

Also according to the results, the state of knowledge management maturity in the sailing federation was evaluated as unfavorable.

Knowledge management as a scientific field in Iran is still in its infancy, so there are still many unknown issues in this field. Although organizations, especially the case study of this research, namely the Rowing Federation, are gradually realizing the importance of knowledge management in their various units, there is still a long way to operationalize it. Most of Iran's sports organizations, like other government organizations, in order to achieve organizational goals in order to improve service delivery, implement government policies and policies, and ultimately promote the country's sports, need to make the best possible use of individual and organizational knowledge capitals that have a plan and strategy in this field. It will make actions with double effectiveness. Finally, suggestions were made to improve and improve the maturity level of knowledge management of the sailing federation.

In Iran, the situation of women has major challenges and there is a high tension between elites and rulers. In many cases, the motherly role of women is still emphasized in the society more than her entry into the public arena, and this is in fundamental contradiction with the position of the management system of women in various societies. Based on this, the aim of this research is to provide a model of the position of women's management system in sports associations.

This research was conducted using the qualitative data method of the foundation. The statistical population includes sports experts and professors and high-ranking sports managers of the country, 16 of whom were purposefully interviewed as a statistical sample in a two-way collaborative dialogue. The selection of participants in qualitative research is done with the aim of obtaining the most information about the investigated phenomenon, and therefore sports experts and high-ranking professors and managers of sports in the country have the most information in this field. The end of sampling is theoretical saturation, and theoretical saturation is achieved when additional data does not help to complete and specify a theoretical category, and the samples then look similar. Data analysis was done in three stages of open, axial and core coding.

By analyzing 16 in-depth interviews and implementing these interviews, 125 meaningful concepts and propositions were extracted and then 141 corresponding concepts were extracted from these 125 concepts. The overlapping and semantic proximity of many corresponding concepts has caused the researchers to use their theoretical sensitivity to introduce and explain these 141 concepts into 27 sub-categories and finally 27 sub-categories with ten main categories.

These ten subcategories include; Identifying in managerial spaces, the ability to divide work, overcoming gendered spaces, effective control, program-oriented, networks and communication skills, fieldwork and leadership, gaining social support for women's management, management practice and organizational efficiency, which are further abstracted in the coding stage. Selective, a core category describing "the position of women's management system in sports associations in the conditions of overcoming gendered spaces and attracting social support for women's management in the context of the ability to divide work and organizational efficiency with the intervention of women's networks and communication skills based on strategies; field management and leadership, program-oriented and management practice, despite the consequences of identification in the management spaces and effective control in Iranian society, it is possible to realize" appeared, which can cover all other categories.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of drama therapy with finger puppets on the parent-child relationship and empathy of children (4-6 years old) in Isfahan.

The present research method was based on semi-experimental research with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up with a control group. The participants included all the children aged 4-6 in Isfahan. With regard to the Covid-19 situation, data collection was done with the availability method and online questionnaire. Finally, 30 children were selected randomly according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and divided into two similar groups (the experimental group and the control group). Data collection instruments were the Parent-Child Relationship Survey (PCRS) of Fine & et.al and the Child Empathy Question (EQ) Systemizing Quotient (SQ) of Auyeung & et.al Questionnaire. SPSS-23 software was used for analyzing the data. Descriptive statistical methods such as mean, standard deviation, and indexes of the inferential statistic of variance analysis have been used with repetitive measures.

It was demonstrated that the mean of the experimental group has increased in the parent-childr elationship in comparison with the control group. Therefore, it should be mentioned that drama therapy was effective in the parent-child relationship and empathy of children (aged 4-6) in Isfahan (p≤0.05).

It is concluded that with drama therapy, empathy can be achieved besides the creation of an efficient and positive relationship between the child and his/her parent. Besides that, educational centers, and psychological clinics can apply drama therapy as a practical method to treat behavioral problems aong children.

The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in quality of life, job stress and social support among official, contract and corporate employees of the Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Education.

The present research population included all the employees of the Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Education in Tehran in 1400-1401, out of which there are 60 official employees, 60 contractual employees and 60 corporate employees using the method Available sampling was selected. The participants completed the quality of life questionnaires of the World Health Organization (2004), the social support questionnaire of Zimt-Dahm, Zimt and Farley (1988) and the revised occupational stress questionnaire of Spiu (1988) in order to analyze the data, multivariate analysis of variance was used. became. In this research, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check the normality of the research data

considering that the level of significance of the studied variables is higher than (P < 0.05). There is a significant difference between the averages of the variables studied in this research, which include social support, quality of life, and job stress among official, corporate, and contractual employees.

The results showed that the higher the level of quality of life and social support they receive, the less job stress they will have.

Nosy administration of another's property is an operation that a person does with good intentions and moral motivation of benevolence to manage another's property. The rulings of nosy transactions are always invalid in Iran. In Iranian law, the legal basis for a nosy manager's interference and possession of other people's property without the permission of the owner or legal representative, according to the rules of subjugation and the ethics of respect for the property of individuals, can be the jurisprudential rules of "necessities of prohibiting prohibitions" and the moral virtue of "Ihsan" and the nosy manager Invoking the ethical rule of benevolence can refer to the owner. Examining and studying the mentioned operation will help to make this type of transactions more compatible with the general order and the globalization of contract law. In this article, we will use analytical-descriptive method to find out whether the intention to benevolent and help others should be examined from the point of view of a nosy manager, or whether it is necessary to use a conventional and reasonable person as a criterion to distinguish this intention? The difference between the two is that if it is a personal criterion, then attention should be paid to the status of the prying manager to determine if this intention existed or not. In this case, it is possible that a simple-minded person (who actually intended to do the moral duty of helping and benevolent, but this intention of benevolence ended up harming the owner, and if another person were in the place of the nosy manager, he would not have done such a thing, as The nosy manager has the right to refer to the owner for the expenses he incurred).

Land use planning is increasingly important in the field of skill higher education programs that are related to human development and knowledge-based economy. The current research was carried out with the aim of providing a framework for the optimal application of land use planning in the development of scientific-applied education.

Its method is mixed (quantitative-qualitative) of exploratory type. In the qualitative section, all databases and experts were included as a statistical population because the sample size was not known in advance. In the quantitative part, all the scientific-practical experts of the country were considered as the statistical population, and due to the size of the population and geographical distribution, cluster sampling was used and five provinces of East Azarbaijan, Isfahan, Bushehr, Tehran and Razavi Khorasan were selected as clusters. Due to the non-uniformity of the population and the number of higher scientific-applied education centers in the provinces, using quota sampling and a 5/ error. From Morgan's table and Cochran's formula, 326 people were selected as a sample and tested. In the field section, the researcher-made questionnaire was considered as a data collection tool. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed through content and form validity using the opinions of 30 experts. The reliability of the questionnaire was also obtained by the internal consistency method (Cronbach's alpha). Due to the acute conditions caused by the corona pandemic, the questionnaire was designed electronically and sent to the provinces through Pursline system. In the qualitative section, MAXQDA software was used to ensure the adequacy of similar data, qualitative data analysis, coding and classification. The method of qualitative data analysis is thematic analysis. In the field section, descriptive and inferential statistics were used using SPSS software and SMART PLS graphic interface.

In the research results, 5 dimensions, 21 factors and 35 components were obtained. In examining the current situation, all of these dimensions were lower than the average variance and did not have a suitable situation. But it was at the expected level due to the obtained high averages in a favorable situation. In the field of mechanism and framework, the validity of the final framework including five factors was confirmed by experts.

The findings of the research showed that the obtained dimensions need to provide an executive mechanism or framework.

The present study was done to sociologically investigate resistance against formal norms of Iranian society in the students of Islamic Azad University of Tehran.

The study was applied in terms of objectives and its design was descriptive. Statistical society of the research was all the students of Central Branch of Islamic Azad University of Tehran from whom 373 people were selected as the sample. They answered researcher – made questionnaires in the systematic random sampling method. Those questionnaires included 77 items. Raw data obtained from the questionnaires was analyzed through SPSS 26 software and statistical tests of Linear Regression and Pearson Correlation.

The results of Linear Regression analysis showed that variables of personality crisis, positive thinking about cyberspace, inclination to searching affairs, imposed norms and outdated rules had a significant effect on resistance against formal norms. But modern lifestyle, inclination to higher education and the society’s suffocating atmosphere did not have any meaningful effect on it.

The results of Pearson Correlation Coefficient also displayed that there was a reciprocal significant relationship between personality crisis, inclination to higher education, positive thinking about cyberspace, inclination to searching affairs and resistance against formal norms. Moreover , there was a positive meaningful relationship between imposed norms , the society ' s suffocating atmosphere , outdated rules and resistance against formal norms . There was not any meaningful relationship between modern lifestyle and resistance against formal norms.

The present research was conducted to provide a model of constructive interaction between knowledge-creating centers of university and industry.

This research was conducted using a qualitative approach (foundation data). By using the data foundation technique, the components of the pattern were determined and finalized by interviewing the informants who were selected as a purposeful sampling in the form of 883 open codes, 37 core codes and 12 optional codes or categories. The software used for data analysis was MAXQDA software. Finally, a qualitative model is presented based on the research findings.

The research findings showed that the most important components of contextual factors include: communication factors, growth factors, types of interaction, goals of constructive interaction, basic goals of knowledge centers and strategic factors including: creation of market environments based on innovation, strategies Policy, organizational strategies, knowledge-based strategies. Causal conditions include: environmental factors, collective factors, industry-related factors. Consequence factors include: ensuring sustainable development, business growth, innovative and entrepreneurial growth.

Finally, the most important intervening factors include; Shared intervenors are intrasystem intervenors of industry and intrasystem intervenors of knowledge centers.

Uncertainty of the environment and on the one hand the use of human power in transnational borders has led to an increase in attention to the dimensions of the damage of the system governing labor relations. The aim of the research is the pathology of labor relations in the work system using the three-pronged model in medical sciences hospitals in Tehran. The current research method is mixed (qualitative-quantitative) in terms of cross-sectional data collection and in terms of exploratory nature, the researchers collected data using purposeful sampling with 25 people in the qualitative phase, using semi-structured interviews. It was done with the human resources experts of Tehran Medical Sciences Hospitals, and in the quantitative stage, sampling was also done using G-Power specialized software using a simple random method of 175 people in the expert position. The tool of data collection in the qualitative stage was interview and in the quantitative part, questionnaire. Interpretive validity, theoretical validity, reliability and trustworthiness in the reliability of the qualitative phase were confirmed by the experts, and in the quantitative phase, the questions of the questionnaire with content validity, construct validity and reliability were confirmed by using combined, Cronbach and shared reliability in PLS software. Labor relations were obtained in three sections of behavioral, contextual and structural damages with 31 indicators. Quantitative analysis of factor loadings was significant at the confidence level of 0.99%, which indicated the confirmation of all identified injuries. It can be concluded that the behavioral, contextual and structural damages in the labor relations system in Tehran Medical Sciences Hospitals can minimize individual conflicts between managers and employees by using the identified indicators.

In today's world, concepts with a specific definition want to indicate the realities of life that are far away from it and cannot carry the meaning of those realities, so they need to be recognized and redefined. This study with the general purpose exploratory and cognitive, the main goal of studying the "student" phenomenon is based on the lived experience of female students of public schools in the 15th education district of Tehran.

This qualitative study was conducted with the interpretive phenomenological methodology approach with the grounded theory method of Strauss and Corbin. With the semi-structured interview research technique until reaching theoretical saturation with 20 working female students studying in the twelfth grade from June 2018 to April 2018. 99 began to collect information.

The findings of this research were organized and interpreted in the form of 13 categories and then in the form of a 6-part paradigm model.

Categories obtained: justice in school, health in school, idealism in school, quantification and competition in education, student in the position of subject (identifier), expansion of the social world and self-realization, liberation and security in school, analysis of one's position In school, students' social needs, support in school, generational and cultural gap, academic enthusiasm and conscious motivations, sociability in school, finally, the category "negative perception of educational governance" was chosen as the central category and the core of the research.

The purpose of this research is to recognize the issue of how the infallible imams, peace be upon them, have cited the honorable verses of the Qur'an and deduced the Shari'a ruling from the references and revelations of the Qur'an. Since the Qur'an is the first and most important source of legislating jurisprudence, and the Imams are the most knowledgeable people in the field of the Qur'an, better than anyone, they have taught us how to refer to the Qur'an and how to refer to it in expressing jurisprudence. The wayfarer in this direction is ijtihad, which will pursue a dynamic jurisprudence that is in accordance with the Qur'an, and an example of it was mentioned in this article, which will prevent the final divorce and return to life.

The research method in this research is in terms of collecting information in the form of library and documents, which research materials are the same documents and books. And in terms of method and essence, it is a descriptive analysis, which after presenting the materials and describing them, analyzed the existing approaches, and analyzed the information, paid attention to inductive analysis.

After examining and analyzing how imams refer to Quranic verses in jurisprudential hadiths about divorce, in addition to finding examples of their method in deriving jurisprudential rulings, strategies for returning to life and consolidating the foundation of the family were found in these rulings and Quranic verses. The discussion was mentioned.

If we want to have a dynamic jurisprudence that is in accordance with the Qur'an and solve the problems and issues of today, we must pay attention to the role and method of imams in the way they refer to the verses of the Qur'an in jurisprudential hadiths, and their method is a suitable basis and training for those who follow the path in this direction. Ijtihad should be placed. This article is an example of the method of imams in quoting the verses of rulings, which leads to a return to life (after divorce) and strengthening the foundation of the famil

Non-communicable diseases are known as the main cause of death in the world, and having a healthy lifestyle in adulthood is vital to prevent most non-communicable diseases. Your lifestyle depends on personality factors and environmental factors. Among the personality factors, extroversion and introversion are considered one of the most important personality traits in the formation of daily activities. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between personality traits and behaviors related to lifestyle.

In a cross-sectional study, the data of 508 Iranian patients from medical centers were analyzed to examine personality characteristics from the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPI) and to examine lifestyle from the Life Style Questionnaire (LSQ). used.

The results showed that in the LSQ scale, extroverts scored higher than introverts and had a healthier lifestyle. For example, we found that extroverts with an average score of 11.23±4.28 (p=0.01) are more likely to exercise, or that there is a difference between extroversion and social health and mental health, respectively, with an average score of 15.80±4.32 (p<0.01). ) and 12.86±3.22 (p<0.01) there was a positive and significant relationship. Also, there was a significant negative relationship between extroversion and the possibility of accidents, so that extroverts are less involved in accidents than introverts (16.33±3.83).

The results show that extroversion/introversion can play a very important role in the formation of lifestyle.

Nowadays, the discussion of virtual education, especially based on the constructivist approach has received double attention from experts and planners of educational systems. As a result, the aim of this study was to presenting the optimal pattern of virtual education based on the constructivist approach.

In a qualitative research from among the virtual education specialists number of 10 people were selected as a sample with the purposeful and snowball sampling methods and according to the principle of theoretical saturation. The research tool was a semi-structured interview, which its validity was confirmed by the triangulation method and its reliability was obtained by the Cohen's kappa coefficient method 0.83. Data were analyzed by open, axial and selective coding method in lisrel software version 2020.

The findings showed that 136 indicators, 20 components and 8 dimensions were identified for the optimal pattern of virtual education based on the constructivist approach. In this pattern, the dimensions include organizational (with 2 components of administrative affairs and educational service affairs), pedagogical (with 6 components of educational goals, educational content, learner characteristics, teacher characteristics, teaching and learning strategies and interaction), technology (with 2 components of hardware and software), user interface design (with 2 components of personalization and accessibility), evaluation (with 2 components of institution and program evaluation and learner evaluation), managerial (with 1 component of management team), support services (with 3 components of student support, teacher support and resource support) and ethical and legal considerations (with 2 components of learning rules and regulations and legal issues). Finally, the optimal pattern of virtual education based on the constructivist approach was designed.

The optimal pattern of virtual education based on the constructivist approach designed in this study can help specialists and planners of educational systems in improving the quality of education.

The main purpose of this research is to know the local agricultural knowledge of middle-aged and elderly people in Taleghan and its suburbs.

To achieve this goal, two documentary methods and grounded theory were used. And to collect information, semi-structured and unstructured interviews, library and document study have been used. Sampling in this research was random.

According to the findings of this research, we can understand the role of local agricultural knowledge of middle-aged and elderly people, due to being influenced by local culture, norms, traditions, values and human-nature relations, and the experience and knowledge that comes from geographical, economic, and social location. and the culture of Taleghan and its suburbs; became

The results of the research also show that due to the neglect of the local knowledge of the middle-aged and elderly, and the lack of proper management to identify needs, planning and decision-making, and the lack of participation of the villagers, they have faced many economic, social and environmental problems. Is. that by using information and communication technology (ICT) together with indigenous knowledge of agriculture to empower and increase people's participation and spread and exchange local experiences of middle-aged and elderly people towards the real goals of sustainable development in Taleghan and its suburbs.

The language, which is the masterpiece of divine creation, has been repeated many times in the Holy Quran, and the origin of language and its God-givenness, the area related to speech, with emphasis on the tongue and lips, has been clearly and clearly mentioned. For this reason, in the science of linguistics, it has assigned various principles and branches. From the perspective of the Holy Qur'an, language is a tool for conversation and understanding, which has an epistemological aspect; Because the ways of understanding from the perspective of the Holy Quran are through the eyes, ears or tongue. If the language is used to unite the Muslim community and spread good among them; It is the best means; Because with the help of it, the good is done and the evil is forbidden, and if it is used to create division among the Islamic Ummah; It is the worst tool for the health of the individual and society because it brings the most dangerous pests for the health of societies and individuals in families. The most important functions of speaking the truth of the tongue are: monotheism, tahimidi, supplication, supplication, testimony, confirmation, correction, guidance, training, persuasion, eloquence, explanation, teaching, praise, and forgiveness. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical with library technique.

One of the important issues in the life of a retired elderly person is the closeness of time to death and the resulting anxiety. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the role of trust in God and life expectancy in predicting death anxiety in retired elderly.

In a descriptive-correlational study among all retired teachers of education in Karaj in the summer of 2019, according to Gujresi and Morgan table, 196 people were selected by available sampling method from among eligible individuals and questionnaires of trust in God Boalhari et al. 2000, Snyder et al.'s life expectancy (1991) and Templer and Ruff (1971)'s death anxiety. To analyze the data, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression test were used simultaneously using SPSS software version 24 at the significance level of α = 0.05.

The results showed that there was an inverse and significant relationship between trust in God (r = -0.438) with death anxiety (P <0.01), as well as the relationship between life expectancy (r = -0.363) and death anxiety. It was inverse and significant (P <0.01). Overall, reliance on God and life expectancy explained 22.4% of death anxiety.

Based on the results, it can be said that counselors and psychologists in the field of the elderly, by taking measures to promote trust in God and life expectancy in retired elderly, increase their death anxiety

Organizational syndromes play an important role in decline the performance and effectiveness of organizations. As a result, the present study was conducted with the aim of identify the strategies of coping with organizational syndromes in Iran's schools from the perspective of education professionals.

This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative. The research population was education specialists of Isfahan and Yasuj cities in the academic years of 2019-2020. The sample size according to the principle of theoretical saturation was estimated 10 people who were selected by purposive and snowball sampling methods. Data were collected by individually semi-structured interview and analyzed by coding method in MAXQDA-18 software.

The findings of the present research showed that for each of the ten organizational syndromes of caution, disturbed emotions, structural alienation, discrimination and politicking, organizational terrorism, structural mastery, narcissism, lack of communication, pressure and group thinking, a number were identified strategies in different categories.

To reducing the negative consequences of ten organizational syndromes can be done by improving different categories and indicators for each of them.

Commercialization of academic research is one of the executive strategies to turn science into wealth. The aim of the present study is to identify the factors affecting the commercialization of academic research in Islamic Azad University. The present research method is a qualitative data type of the foundation, the statistical population includes academic experts and a purposeful sampling method based on theoretical saturation. To collect data, two methods of study and analysis of research background and semi-structured interviews were used. The research findings show that the small growth of academic research in the Islamic Azad University, especially during the last two decades, shows that there is a good potential for intellectual production. Findings also indicate 5 major factors to increase the commercialization of academic research. Factors are divided into intra-organizational and extra-organizational groups. The research findings are also in line with research findings in other countries to identify factors affecting the commercialization of academic research.