alizadeh

Today, with the expansion of urbanization and the increase in the population of cities, urban poverty is one of the important problems that it seems necessary to fight. In the 21st century, one of the indicators of urban progress is the issue of low urban poverty (Lemanski and Marx, 2015). In order to analyze and evaluate the indicators of urban poverty in Rasht city in different blocks and to cluster social poverty in this city (very poor, poor, average, wealthy, very wealthy), to analyze social poverty and extract spatial hot spots from Arc software. Gis was used. And the extraction of different areas of the city was calculated from the R software and by the multi-indicator Prometheus decision-making method, where the weight of the indicators was obtained by the ANP method from the raw data of the statistical blocks of Rasht city in the census of 2015. The findings of the research showed that comparatively, the central parts of the city are covered by medium blocks, and in the outer and peripheral parts of the city center, two hot spot areas are observed, which contain very prosperous blocks. Cold spots are also clearly visible on the outer edge of the city and they cover very poor and poor blocks, and except for the hot and cold spots, the city is mostly in the form of mild spots and most of the blocks are in poor condition. They are placed in average social poverty. Also, based on the findings of the research, most of the deprived areas in terms of social poverty in Rasht city are located in the north-west and north-east parts of the city.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of transactional analysis training on parent-child conflicts among male high school students. This quasi-experimental research had a pretest-posttest control group design. The statistical population of the study was comprised of all male first graders of high school in Central Marhamat Abad district, West Azerbaijan Province, in school year 2014-15. The sample of the study consisted of 30 pupils who had the most intense conflict with their parents. These students were randomly divided into two subgroups of experimental and control.  Using the Conflict Tactics Scale for Parent and Child (Straus, 1990), both subgroups were asked about the quality of their parent-child relationship before and after the experimental group going through an eight-session course on transactional analysis. Covariance analyses of the data revealed a significant difference between the two groups indicating the effectiveness of transactional analysis training in reducing parent-child conflicts and the two components of verbal and physical violence. Moreover, TA promotes verbal reasoning component among male students (P<0.001).

Considering water productivity in different products is one of the basic parameters in optimizing the optimal use of inputs and performance. In this regard, water as one of the most important inputs should be given special attention. This study was conducted to evaluate irrigation water productivity in wheat, tobacco, watermelon and tomato as the main products of Bushehr Province. The most irrigation water productivity for these products was 0.45, 0.19, 7.73 and 12.77 kg / ha, respectively. The results showed that the use of drip irrigation system increases water productivity. In all cases, water utilization in the drip irrigation system was higher than the surface irrigation system. The drip irrigation system increased the productivity of water by 3 to 5 times, and reduced water consumption by 2 times, and increased the yield by 2 time in products such as tomato and watermelon. The failure of the drip irrigation system in the saline water resources use was due to inappropriate design and utilization, in particular the lack of proper utilization of water filtration filters. In the agricultural sector of the province, despite the existence of various deficiencies, valuable knowledge is available in the farmers of the region, especially in areas such as tomato cultivation, which can be used for these capacities.

This research has aimed to study the biostrtigraphy and lithostratigraphy of late cretaceous deposits  in south of Maracan village , with 320 m thickness.This sequence overlaid the lower cretaceous deposits and have been covered  by Quaternary sedimentary and magmatic rocks. Based on field study and lithological diversity 8 lithic zone have been investigated.  102 samples have been picked up systematically from this sequence. This study lead to determining 41 species from 15 genera of planktonic foraminifera.The  systematic and classification of fauna are based on The (Postuma 1971) , (Caron1985) , (Loeblich and Tappan 1988) and (Permoli Silva And Verga 2004).  .Based on their range chart the bio zonation model for this deposit with 9 Bio Zones as bellow  have been suggested  and have compared with cretaceous global standard bio zones (Robazynsky and Caron 1985) and (Permoli Silva and Verga, 2004) Dicarinella concavata  Interval  Zone (Robazynsky and Caron, 1995) Dicarinella asymetrica Total  range  Zone(Robazynsky and Caron, 1995)  Globotruncanita elevata IntervalrangeZone(Robazynsky and Caron, 1995)   Globotruncana ventricosa IntervalZone  (Robazynsky and Caron, 1995) Rodotruncana  calcarata Total  range  Zone(Robazynsky and Caron, 1995)   Globotruncanella  havnensis  Partial Range Zone (Robaszynski  and Caron, 1985) Globotruncana aegyptiaca Interval  Zone (Robazynsky and Caron, 1995) Gansserina gansseri   Interval  Zone (Robazynsky and Caron, 1995) Abathamphalus mayaroensis  Total  range  Zone(Robazynsky and Caron, 1995)  The suggested age for th.is sequence based on planktonic foraminifera is upper coniantian to upper Maestrichtian  and belong to deep shelf area . Based on the morphology of planktonic foraminifera and their keei we suggest deep sea environment for these  deposits.

A major part of health care costs is dedicated to the costs of treating patients with cardiovascular disease constitute so that investigating the costs of these patinets is imporatnt. To this end, the dircet costs of hospitalized patients waiting for receiving pacemaker in Shahid Madani Hospital in Tabriz has been analyzed from the view of hospital in this study.  

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The statistical population included 135 patients receiving a permanent pacemaker. The average cost per patient, cost of each day of admission to ordinary sectors, the CCU and the ICU, cost saving in case of reciving a pacemaker timely regarding the patient’s share of the insurance, the percentage of out-of-pocket payment and the cost of lost productivity were calculated for additional hospitalization days.

The results show that the total cost of pacemaker insertion on the waiting list is almost 2 billion Rilas, the average cost per patient is about 20 million Rials and the average cost of per day hospitalization is approximately 3 million Rials. During the hospitalization days, the average cost of per patient and the average cost of per day hospitalization in the CCU are respectively 29 million Rials and 4 million Rilas. Also, the average cost of per patient and the average cost of per day hospitalization in the ICU are respectively 92 million Rials and 6 million Rials. The lost productivity cost for ecah patient is nearly two million rials.

Increasing the patinets waiting days would result in boosting the costs of hospital and the insurer organizations. Therefore, healthcare costs can be cost-effcetive by adopting proper strategies to decrease the number of waiting days for patients (for example, pririotizing patients based on scientific principles in terms of financial and economic funds and following an appropraite clinical instrcution) and health insurance can function more effectively in allocating funds.

Effects of using various ratios of C:N in biofloc system on growth performance, feeding indices and culture water quality of common carp with mean weight of 14.17±0.36 g were investigated during 90 days in experimental treatments including control (no extra carbon source) and four treatments with different C:N ratios of 11, 15, 19 and 23 each with 3 replicates. The increase in C:N ratio had a significant effect on growth and feeding indices of cultured common carp in treatments (p<0.05). The highest final weight and weight gain, the lowest FCR and the highest SGR were observed in C:N ratio of 19. No significant difference was observed in survival rate among different treatments indicating that the culture condition was suitable for common carp in this biofloc system. Hepatosomatic and visceral indices did not show significant differences between treatments with different C:N ratios (p> 0.05). Water quality indices including DO, pH, TDS, EC, TSS, FV, TAN, nirtite and nitrate showed significant differences in biofloc system with different C:N ratios (p<0.05). The mean values of FV and TSS in biofloc system increased with increasing C:N ratio. The variation pattern of the mean TAN and nitrite were the same as each other and reverse to the trend of TSS and FV showed a decreasing trend with increasing C:N ratio. These trends indicate the significant removal of nitrogenous compounds by bioflocs. In conclusion, using C:N ratio of 19 with molasses as carbon source in biofloc system could be recommended to improve water quality, growth and feeding performance of cultured common carp.

In recent years, the high cost of raising livestock and, consequently, the sharp increase in the price of red meat in Iran have reduced its demand, and people consume chicken meat as a substitute for it. This has reduced the production incentives and, with the bankruptcy of some beef cattle farms, the welfare of producers and consumers of this product face serious danger. To overcome this problem, understanding cost structure and reducing consumer price by reducing production costs seems necessary. Therefore, the aim of this research was to evaluate cost structure and economies of scale of beef cattle farms in Mashhad. For this purpose, the short-run Translog cost function along with input cost share equations were estimated using the iterated seemingly unrelated regression method. The data were collected in 2017 from beef cattle producers by interview using structured questionnaires. The result showed that there were increasing returns to scale for all farms. In addition, the demands for all inputs were perfectly inelastic. On the other hand, there was weak complementary and substitute relationship between inputs. According to the results of this research, the most important factor of beef production in the selected farms was feed, whose demand was inelastic and the possibility of substituting it with other inputs was very weak. Therefore, the adoption of policies by the government, including subsidies for feeding cattle and increasing the import of this input, can reduce the production cost and prevent beef prices from rising.

Selection of crop pattern is one of the most important factors in achieving water resources Sustainability. Due to the quantity and quality of soil and water, unsuitable and non-native plants may cause saltinification and elevation of groundwater level in the plant growth environment and degrade soil structure. And consequently reduce performance. Based on the dynamics of irrigation and drainage network in the Dasht-e-Abbas, located along the Karkheh Dam and Ilam province, in terms of quantity and quality of water in different scenarios of the crop pattern, using the system dynamics approach has been evaluated. Considering the information needed in this method, the boundaries of the system, the creation of a conceptual model, the determination of causative and causal relationships, the determination of the variables and verification based on observational information, structural testing, boundary test, and statistical parameters and the proposed cultivation pattern have been studied. The conceptual model was considered based on five sub-models of water demand, water supply, environmental stress, water economics and environmental issues. The results of this model show that in sensitivity analysis of input parameters, the coefficient of return of agricultural water to the aquifer has a great effect and its increase will increase the static volume of aquifer and increase the quality of groundwater due to dilution and also reduce the salinity of the soil due to Leaching. From other results of this study, using a crop pattern with an emphasis on increasing forage levels that prevents land drainage in the long time will improve soil construction.

The total amount of water resources severely affects socioeconomic development of a region or watershed, which means that accurate quantification of the total amount of water resources is vital for the area, especially for the arid and semi-arid regions. Traditional evaluation of water resources only focused on the qualification of blue water, while the importance of green water was not fully considered. Therefore, the blue and green water resources in the Neishabour basin were evaluated evaluated by the SWAT and SWAT-MODFLOW models in this study. Furthermore, the Sequential Uncertainty Fitting program (SUFI2) which is one of the programs interfaced with SWAT, in the package SWAT-CUP (SWAT Calibration Uncertainty Programs), was used to calibrate and validate Neishabour hydrologic model based on river discharges. R-factor, P-factor, R2 and Nash-Sutcliff (NS) parameters were used in order to evaluate the ability of the SWAT model to be used in runoff simulation. In this paper, results of calibration and validation are given for the river monthly discharge. Runoff data for four hydrometric stations in 2001-2011 were used to calibrate and validate this basin. The results show that p-factor, r-factor, R2 and NS for calibration are about 0.37, 0.55, 0.86 and 0.85 and for validation are about 0.29, 0.83, 0.7 and 0.65 respectedly. The results show that the components of water resources, except for blue water, which SWAT-MODFLOW model estimates more, are similar in other cases. Therefore, two models were used to investigate the spatial variations of blue water in the watershed. The main difference was within the Neishabour plain, which could be due to the integrated ability of the model to simulate different processes, such as groundwater recharge and infiltration of the non-saturated zone. Moreover, the spatial distribution of the green water indicates that the amount of green water increases gradually towards Neishabur plain. The study of interannual variability of the blue and green water shows that the trends in precipitation, blue and green water have a relatively similar characteristic during the same period and in the winter, the lower temperature, the greater difference between the blue and green water. Also, the trend of the blue and green water changes is milder in the integrated model.

Evaluation of scientific journals are required in Iran to study the scientific progress, research activities and research centers. Therefore, the objectives of this study was evaluation of the journals quality in field of water engineering in agriculture (Irrigation) and the related articles and management aspects of the journals publishing these articles in Iran. Twenty-three journals were selected for evaluation in 2014, and ten indices were designed for evaluating the journals and their articles. The evaluation data were statistically analyzed using normal distribution procedure to rank the journals in 5 categories from “very good” to “very poor”. Results indicated that 30.4% of the journals ranked “good”, 39.1% were “intermediate” and 21.7% ranked “poor” and 8.7% were “very poor”. The journals were also compared for five important indices related to innovativeness, applicability, up-to-dateness of articles, practical usefulness and necessity of publication of the journal. Among the evaluated journals, the applicability index for 5 journals (21.7%) was higher than the expected level (higher than 4), further, this index for journal of Water and Soil Science, journal of Water Harvesting System and Journal of Applied Hydrology (13.0%) were much lower than others.  With respect to necessity of publication 10 journal (43.5%), up-to-dateness, 8 journals (34.8%), innovativeness, 4 journals (17.4%) and applicability, 3 journals (13.0%) were preferred. Finally, it is recommended that more emphasis should be put on the quality of articles, publication of very poor journals should be discontinued, and more support should be given to the journals sponsored by scientific societies.
      

In this work, pomegranate juice was adulterated manually by adding sour cherry and red grape juices. Physicochemical properties (brix, acidity, formalin index, reducing sugar, and total sugar) and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) gas chromatography profile (extracted by PPy-Ag nano-fiber) of pure pomegranate juice and adulterated pomegranate juice were evaluated and used to find adulteration. PPy-Ag nano-fiber as a Head-Space Solid Phase Micro Extraction-Gas Chromatography (HS-SPME-GC) method was used to extract and detect the VOCs profile (total peak area and total peak height) of different juices. The Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was used to study the effects of Pomegranate Juice (PJ), Sour Cherry Juice (SCJ) and Grape Juice (GJ) percent (V/V%) in the adulterated mix juice physicochemical properties and GC-profile. Results showed that the percent of pomegranate juice, sour cherry juice, and grape juice affect the juice physicochemical property, and there are relations between the physicochemical property of the juice and VOCs gas chromatography profile (total peak area and total peak height) that can help to find adulteration. The presented research makes it possible to detect adulteration of sour cherry and grape juice and their percent in the adulterated mix by analyzing the juice physicochemical properties and GC-profile.

This study was performed using data from 165 households in 13 areas of Mashhad County of Iran. A stratified sampling method was used to determine the sample size. Firstly, factors affecting the consumer's awareness of organic products were analyzed by using the Probit model in propensity score matching method. Then, the effect of consumers’ awareness on their willingness to consume the organic saffron in future was evaluated by estimating the average treatment effect on treatment group. The results from Probit model showed that education, attitude toward quality of organic product labels, environmental concerns and attitude toward price of organic products had positive effects on awareness of the organic products. After matching, the difference in average between treatment and control groups decreased for education, attitude toward price of organic products, environmental concerns and attitude toward quality of organic product labels. The results from estimating the average treatment effect on treatment group showed that the organic saffron future consumption among units of treatment group was 66 percent greater than those in control group. So, awareness of organic products had stimulus and positive effect on the willingness to consume the organic saffron in future. Therefore, in order to stimulate demand and increase sales, it was recommended to producers and suppliers of the organic products to use advertisements to inform consumers.

Correct heat management is one of the major problems in fuel cells that should be somehow solved. The performance of the cell at high temperatures causes the membranes to dry, increasing ohmic resistance of cell, shrinking and rupture of membranes and at low temperatures decrease the reaction rate, voltage, efficiency, output power, as well as condensation of water and occurrence of flooding at the cathode side. Increasing power in fuel cells associated with increasing the number of cells in a fuel cell stack. By increasing power, high flow rate of the cooling fluid is required to dissipate more generated heat. Increasing cooling flow rate increases the volume of the cooling system, parasitic power and reduces the efficiency of the stack. In this paper, using of nanofluids as an approach to solving this problem is presented and its effect on reducing the parasitic power is investigated. The results showed with using mixture of water and 2% volume fraction of Al2O3, at Re=6000 the temperature difference of all parts of flow field compare to inlet is smaller than 5℃. At the case that base fluid is used, this goal achieved at Re=9000.

In order to investigate the effect of different proportions of seaweed extract and vermicompost on yield and yield components of bean, a factorial experiment in a completely randomized block design with four replications was carried out in spring and summer of 2018 in Arak. The experimental treatments included the administration of vermicompost (A) in four levels (control (a1), 5 t/ha (a2), 10 t/ha (a3) and 15 t/ha (a4)); and the seaweed (B) spray spread in four levels of control (b1), 1% (b2), 2% (b3) and 3 percent (b4). The results showed that vermicompost application had a significant effect on all of the studied traits. Furthermore, the main effect of spray application of seaweed extract on the number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, number of seeds per plant, 100 seed weight, yield Grain, biological yield, harvest index, plant height, leaf area, relative humidity, chlorophyll b, stomatal conductance and protein function was significant. Regarding the interaction between vermicompost application and marigold algae extraction, only grain yield, biological yield, and harvest index were significant. The results of mean comparisons of the above-mentioned traits showed that the highest values were obtained from the application of 15 t/ha vermicompost and spray application of seaweed extract with 3% casting. The results of the mean comparisons of the interaction effect of vermicompost application in algae application indicated that the highest grain yield with an average of 500 g/m2 was related to the application of 15 t/ha of vermicompost and 3% algae, and the lowest (156.55 g/m2) related to the control consumption of vermicompost and intense consumption of algae. Therefore, it can be concluded that the application of high levels of vermicompost and spray application of seaweed extract can have a significant effect on the yield and yield components of bean.

 In order to evaluate genetic variation and relationship among 20 genotypes of sainfoin, an experiment was conducted as a randomized complete block design with 3 replications in Agricultural and Natural Resource Research Center of Isfahan, during 2015-2016. Results of variance analysis showed significant differences among the genotypes for all traits, in exception of number of nodes, lateral branches, leaflets and leaf width. PLC population had the highest forage yield (3179 kg/h). 9147 population was the second population for forage yield (2965 kg/h). Correlation coefficients showed that forage yield had a positive correlation with total stems, number of lateral branches, nodes, leaves and leaf and stem dry weight. Using principal component analysis, the first three components accounted for 72% of the total variation. Number of lateral branches, nodes, leaf, leaf and stem dry weight and wet and dry forage yield were the most important traits in the first component. Stem height, leaf width, leaf and stem percentages and leaf/stem in the second component and leaflets, total stems, lateral stem height and dry matter percentage in the third component were important. Genotypes were classified into 4 groups with distinct variations for forage yield.

In order to study the response of 120 genotypes of rapeseed (including 100 hybrids and 20 parents) in terms of cold stress tolerance, an experiment was conducted in α-lattice design with two replications under normal (September) and late sowing (October) conditions during two years. Combined analysis of variance showed that genotypes were significantly different at 1% and there was a significant genetic variation among the studied genotypes. In addition, there was a significant difference between the environments (normal and late sowing) at 1% in both years and the effect of late sowing on the yield of rapeseed was different from that of normal sowing. Total mean of seed yield in non-stressed condition was 4.9 ton/ha and in cold stress condition was 2.72 t/ha (34% reduction compared to normal sowing conditions). Principal component analysis (PCA) using six indices of cold stress tolerance (MP, GMP, HARM, TOL, SSI and STI) showed that the first two components justify about 99.85% of the variation in the population. The biplot of first and second components divided the genotypes into four different groups and identified 29 high yielding and cold tolerant genotypes. Similarly, cluster analysis divided the genotypes into four different groups and grouping of genotypes using cluster analysis showed good agreement with the results of principal component analysis. Correlation between different indices of stress tolerance and yield in stress (YP) and non- stress (YS) condition showed that TOL and SSI had positive correlation with YP and negative correlation with YS. Furthermore, the four indices of MP, GMP, HARM and STI showed positive and significant correlation with yield in both stressed and non-stress conditions. The results of this study showed that the STI index has a high efficiency in selection of rapeseed genotypes for cold tolerance and can be successfully applied in breeding programs.

Dog rose (Rosa canina L.) is one of the most valuable medicinal plants belonging to Rosaceae, which is distributed in different parts of Iran. In this study, the fruit of different populations of the species was collected from Khorramabad, Noorabad, Aleshtar, Dorud and Aligudarz cities of Lorestan province, and evaluated for morphological and phytochemical traits in a completely randomized design with six replications. The traits included the fresh weight of fruit, fresh and dry weight of flesh, seed weight per fruit, flesh width, the content of phenols and flavonoids, ascorbic acid content and oil percentage. The results of ANOVA indicated that all traits studied (except flesh width) were significantly affected by the region. According to the mean comparison results, Noorabad population had the highest amount of fruit dry weight (0.95 g), seed weight per fruit (1.11 g), fruit length (24.96 mm), flavonoids (22.18 and 16.29 µg routine/ mg dry extract, respectively in ethanolic and methanolic extracts) and phenols (50.81 and 25 µg gallic acid/ mg dry extract, respectively in ethanolic and methanolic extracts) content, and ascorbic acid (0.42) and oil (14.56) percentage. There was a positive and significant correlation between ascorbic acid and oil percentage with fruit dry weight and seed weight per fruit. Therefore, it can be concluded that the bigger fruits are probably more nutritious and more medicinal, and maybe, this correlation can be used for selective selection of superior dog rose ecotypes based on morphological traits. According to the results of the present research, Noorabad population can be recommended as the superior ecotype for future breeding programs of the species.

In this study, the effects of various heat treatments on microstructure, mechanical and magnetic properties of HSLA-100 steel were evaluated. The heat treatments consisted of austenitizing at 900°C for 60 minutes, then quenching by different cooling rates via furnace, air, oil and water; and quenched specimens were aged at 600°C for one hour. Optical and field emission scanning electron microscopes were used for the characterization of the microstructure. A vibrating sample magnetometer, an inductance meter and a susceptometer were used for the characterization of the magnetic properties. Mechanical properties of the specimens were also studied using hardness, tensile strength and impact toughness methods. The fracture surfaces of charpy specimens were examined using scanning electron microscope. The results showed that martensite phase was spread in the all of the cooling rate. The results of magnetic coercivity force indicated that coarse Cu precipitates and martensite-austenite (MA) constituents hinder the domain wall motion and behavior in effective magnetic susceptibility. Moreover, the non-magnetic copper precipitates reduced magnetic permeability. The hardness value of the aged specimens is the same as that of the quenched steels (approximately 300 VHN30). In addition, yield strength as high as 900 MPa was achieved in aged specimens. The highest impact toughness value at -84℃ (approximately 200 J) was obtained in as-received and aged specimens.

Four components were used to identification the effective physical-chemical factors of water on the variations of dominant fish families. The total variation of the variables was concluded 94/17 % and 90/5%, related to the loaded components in artificial reefs of Bandar-E-Salakh and Bandar-E-Bostaneh respectively.Assessment of the loaded factors in each of the components were identified that nitrate, nitrite, phosphate and chlorophyll a factors with positive load and temperature and salinity with negative factor load as the most important factors affecting the demographic changes of some fish families. Temperature, pH, nitrate, nitrite and phosphate were diagnosed parameters for water quality in two areas based on PCA results. The results of this study showed that nutrients (nitrate, nitrite, phosphate and chlorophyll a) had great influence on structure of fish in artificial reefs, that together with the physical-chemical parameters of water to impact on the chain and food web of fish and fauna of these ecosystems, ultimately.

In this paper, the effect of notch depth on the J-integral in the plates made of Bainitic functionally graded and weakened by U-notch under mode I loading was investigated. Functionally graded steels (FGSs) consist of ferrite (α), austenite (M), bainite (β) and martensite (M) co-existing in different configurations and produced via electro slag remelting (ESR). In the present work, a Bainitic functionally graded steel in the form of divider configuration was made and the J-integral was investigated. Moreover, the effect of notch depth on the critical load and critical J-integral was investigated. The results show a good agreement between the Finite element results taken from commercial ABAQUS software with the experimental ones. The results show that the critical fracture load decreases by increasing the notch depth. Moreover, the critical J-integral increases by increasing the notch depth.

Regarding the expanding population in developing countries who are at risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), identification and management of effective factors are important in reducing the risk of CVDs. So, the present study aimed to assess the role of perceived heart risk factors (PHRFs) in the prediction of cardiovascular risk among outpatient patients. The samples of this cross-sectional study included 150 outpatient patients who attend the clinic of Imam Reza hospital during October-December 2016. The participants were completed the Perceived Heart Risk Factors Scale (PHRFS) and Cardiovascular Risk Assessment Questionnaire (CRAQ). Data analyzed through Pearson correlation and multiple regression analyses. Based on the findings, 28%, 40%, 22.7%, and 9.3% of patients were low, medium, high, and severely high-risk, respectively. The strongest predictors of the cardiovascular risk were physiological (β = -0.273; P = 0.004), psychological (β=0.236; P = 0.020), and biological risk factors (β=0.209; P = 0.016), respectively. In addition, the strongest predictor of the lifestyle risk was physiological risk factors (β = -0.264; P = 0.007). Other variables do not play a significant role in predict the lifestyle risk (P > 0.05). Our model was able to explain 9.2% of cardiovascular risk variance and 5.7% of cardiovascular risk caused by lifestyle variance. The higher patients’ perception about biological and psychological risk factors is concerned as an alarm for increased cardiovascular risk while higher perception about physiological risk factors is associated with reduced cardiovascular risk caused by lifestyle and total cardiovascular risk. The programs reducing cardiovascular risk should target the high-risk groups to save cost and time.

Gestational diabetes is a specific problem during pregnancy and training may be effective in improving pregnancy outcomes. The purpose of the present research was to evaluate the effectiveness of self-care training on pregnancy consequences, which was performed in participants with gestational diabetes from January to May 2016. This research was conducted on 92 primipara and multipara women (28 - 30 weeks of pregnancy) with gestational diabetes referred to the Tohid Hospital Diabetes Clinic in Sanandaj, Iran. Participants were randomly assigned to self-care training (n = 46) and control (n = 46) groups through blocked a randomization method. The training program included self-care training, especially physical activity and nutrition that planned in four sessions for experimental arm through lecture, question, and answer. The control group received only routine prenatal care. After the delivery, outcomes checklist (gestational age at the time of delivery, type of delivery, neonate anthropometrics indices) were completed in both groups. ANCOVA and Multivariate Logistic Regression tests were used to compare the quantitative and qualitative variables between groups with adjusting the variables of mother’s age and body mass index. Two study groups had no significant difference in terms of birth weight, height, and head circumference of their newborns (P > 0.05). There were statistically significant differences between groups in term of cesarean delivery (0.07; 0.02 to 0.23; P < 0.001) and macrosomia (0.05; 0.007 to 0.49; P = 0.009). However, there was no significant differences between groups in term of preterm labor (odds ratio (OR): 0.32; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10 to 1.02; P = 0.055). Self-care training in women with gestational diabetes can reduce the rate of macrosomia and cesarean delivery.

In this paper, we introduce the notion FI-e-lifting modules which is a proper generalization of lifting (e-lifting) modules.Then we give some characterizations and properties of e-lifting and FI-e-lifting modules. We provide a decomposition of any e-lifting modules. It is shown that every finite direct sum of FI-e-lifting modules is FI-e-lifting