فهرست مطالب سعیده نوروزی

T his study was conducted with the aim of investigating the emotional stat us , risk perception and knowledge of nurses about COVID - 19 in Zanjan city.

The current research was a cross - sectional descriptive study conducted on 271 nurses. The tools included questionnaires of knowledge and understanding of risk and emotional state questionnaire (HSCL). The validity of the exploited tool was evaluated by measuring CVI and CVR, and its reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 23 software.

A significant relationship was observed between the participants' emotional stat us and their work experience. The knowledge and awareness of 92% of the samples towards Covid - 19 was "high". There was a significant relationship between awareness and knowledge about C ovid - 19 and gender, marital status. Also, t here observed a significant correlation between awareness and knowledge and the level of attitude and perceptions of the participants, as well as between the level of attitude and perceptions with the scal e of sensitivity in interpersonal relationships. Furthermore, both the gender and education level significant ly correlated with depression subscale in HCLS emotional state questionnaire.

Having nurses in a state of emotional stability makes the m well able to manage the existing cri tical situation s by acquiring knowledge and to guide C ovid - 19 patients as well as other members of the community in order to prevent the infection.

The hidden curriculum consists of the implicit messages of the social atmosphere of the educational centers that are not written but are felt by everyone. Due to the direct relationship between the hidden curriculum with student learning and the need for nursing faculty members, this study was conducted to exploring the nursing Students' Experiences of the Hidden Curriculums on learning process.

This qualitative study was conducted through content analysis method in Zanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2019. Purposeful sampling consisted of 19 Third and higher semester and of both sexes. Data was collected through semi-structured and in-depth interviews. Data analysis was performed manually.

A total of 84 initial codes were obtained, after which, merging similar codes, finally 44 codes were extracted in 9 sub-themes and 3 main themes including interactions, individual factors and the quality of the educational environment.

According to students' experiences of the impact of the hidden curriculum on the learning process, in order to promote student learning, the elements of the hidden curriculum should be considered in educational planning.

This study aims to identify the psychometric properties of developmental tools observed by the learner and the trainer in the process of nursing training.

In this study, 200 nursing students of Abhar University of Medical Sciences (110 males and 90 females), completed the perceived incivility tools in learner -trainer interactions. To evaluate the reliability, Cronbach alpha retest and calculation methods were used. To determine the structural validity of the tools, exploratory factor analysis was used.

After modification of the questions of scale, reliability was found to be acceptable. Exploration factor analysis revealed the first part of the scale containing four components thus determining 60.72% of the total variance. These components are referred to as: students' incivility in the classroom, lack of motivation, lack of planning and preparation of the learners, and the indifference of the learners to the opinions of others. The second part of the scale contains three components determining 64.69% of the total variance. These components are also referred to as incivility of professors in the classroom, ineffective teaching and lack of effective interpersonal communication skills.

The above tool bears an acceptable validity for examining the perceived incivility between learner and trainer in the nursing training process and is suitable for Iranian students so that it can be deployed for other universities of medical sciences across the country.

In this paper the design and three dimensions (3D) simulation of a photonic crystal (PC) pressure sensor is presented. The device is based on a 2D PC slab of PbMoO4. The simulations are based on finite element method (FEM) and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method and are done using CST STUDIO SUITE software. The sensitivity of the proposed sensor is calculated by considering the deformation and also refractive index variation factors. The numerical results show that when a pressure is applied, both factors cause to a reduction in the resonant wavelength of the transmission spectrum. It has been shown that the relationship between the applied pressure and the shift in the resonant wavelength of the cavity is linear. Based on the simulation results, the quality factor of the resonant peak of the transmission spectrum and the sensitivity of the proposed sensor are  -2.858 nm/GPa and 1040 , respectively.

Nursing is a practice-oriented profession and one of the main parts of its education is clinical training. Nursing clinical skills will be deteriorated if not used properly. Therefore, this study aimed to design, implement and evaluate an operational program to improve basic clinical skills in BSc nursing students based on the Kern’s framework.

This study was performed based on the stages of Kern’s framework to enhance basic clinical skills in nursing students in Abhar School of Nursing during 2016-2017 using single-group before-after intervention method. To this end, after recognizing the problem of poor clinical skills in nursing students and a primary needs assessment, the operational program and its method of evaluation were performed after being approved in the educational council of the school. During the research, reaction and knowledge of students before the program were compared to after the program based on the first and second stages of the Kirkpatrick model.

In the study, the scores of basic clinical skills test of students and their level of satisfaction significantly increased after the training program. According to the students, their anxiety decreased and their self-confidence increased in the clinical environment after the course.

According to the results of the study, the implementation of the educational program could improve the quality and quantity of clinical education in nursing students. Therefore, it is suggested that this type of program be used by nursing education planners to enhance education quality

Puberty as a stage of life is an important developmental process. Teen girls have numerous health care needs and their specific issues should be considered. This study was conducted determine the effect of health belief model in adopting prevention and control of health behaviors during puberty among female high school students in Ardakan city.

This study is a randomized clinical trial of an intervention and non-intervention type. The parhicipants were the first grade secondary school students in the city of Ardakan. The sample was randomly selected. Sample size was 120 being estimated on the basis of similar studies. Data were collected by means of questionnaires. To measure the reliability of the questionnaire، content validity and test-retest reliability were applied. Data were analyzed by SPSS software using indicators such as central tendency and dispersion، paired T-test، chi-square، Spearman correlation coefficient، and ANOVA analysis.

After the intervention، the mean score، perceived susceptibility، perceived severity، perceived benefits، perceived barriers، self-efficacy and behavior of non-intervention in the intervention group had a statistically significant difference، but for the mean action، significant differences were not observed. Knowledge score، perceived severity، perceived benefits، perceived barriers، self-efficacy and behavior before and after the intervention in the control group was statistically significant different، however، the mean score for perceived susceptibility، a cue to action، no significant difference was observed. The mean score of knowledge، perceived susceptibility، perceived severity، perceived benefits، perceived barriers، perceived self-efficacy، action and behavior before and after the educational intervention showed statistically significant difference.

The efficacy and efficiency of the health belief model in adopting of preventive behaviors and controls in adolescent girls about puberty health is supported.

Identifying educational needs is an essential step in planning faculty development programs. It plays an important role in promoting the quality of education. The aim of this study was to determine and prioritize the educational needs of clinical and non clinical faculty members of Faculty of Medicne of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences.

A questionnaire was developed for this cross-sectional study using the indices identified by reviewing the literature. The questionnaire was sent to all faculty members of Medical Faculty (n=260). The items were scored from 1 to 20 according to the importance of the educational needs. Data was analyzed by SPSS software.

Different areas of educational needs of the clinical faculty members were respectively prioritized as: familiarity with National Medical Universities Ranking Schemeresearch، personal development، administrative and executive activities، education، specialized activities outside the university and health services and health promotion. In the non clinical faculty members: research، familiarity with National Medical Universities Ranking Schemeeducation، personal development، specialized activities outside the university، administrative and executive activities. The first priority of education in the clinical faculty members was design، implementation and analysis of oral exams. In research domain priorities were data analysis skills and the first priority of education in the non clinical faculty members was how to foster critical thinking and reasoning in research and critical appraisal skills.

Faculty members need all of the seven studiedmajor areas. It is recommended further research to determine the weight of these seven areas using a standard method.