mohammad samadi

The city of Tabriz, which has the fastest urban growth in the northwest of the country, is one of the largest cities in Iran in terms of population, economic activity, industry and transportation options. Public transportation and industry combustion and lack of proper filtration of these industries, such as thermal power plants, has led to increased air pollution in the city. For this purpose, the present study tries to use input variables (distance from industrial centers, humidity, temperature, population density, distance from commercial centers, distance from bus stations, distance from educational centers, vegetation changes, distance from free Roads, building density, wind direction, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide) to assess air pollution using artificial neural networks in the metropolis of Tabriz. In the present study, the independent variables affecting the distribution of pollution probability in two models of multilayer perceptron neural network (MLP) and linear regression were tried to be defined by defining measures in urban management and influencing and planning the mentioned variables. Improve pollution control.The results show that the major pollutants are mostly suspended particles (PM10), gas (CO2), (SO2) and (NOx).The dispersion of airborne particles is mostly due to vehicle traffic, industrial activities, fuel combustion of diesel engines and construction and the need to generate more electricity.-The activities of thermal power plants, Tabriz refinery and domestic and commercial heating systems are also among the factors producing SO2 and the highest CO2 production is related to the fuel of gasoline-burning vehicles. The intensity of the increase in the amount of this pollutant in all selected stations in the autumn and winter seasons is much higher, so that in these seasons the pollutants reach more than twice the allowable level.The share of Tabriz air pollutants can be divided into three general categories, the most important of which is the thermal power plant and transportation.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of premarital education based on the SYMBIS model on communication skills and conflict resolution skills of fiancés. In terms of the purpose, the current research was of an applied type, and in terms of the research design and method, it was a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test and post-test design with an experimental group and a control group and a three-month follow-up period. Based on this, the statistical population of the research included all the fiancés who referred to the counseling centers of the 7th district of Tehran to receive pre-marital counseling in the first half of 2011. Therefore, 40 people (20 couples) were selected from among these people and were randomly assigned to an experimental group (20 people) and a control group (20 people). Then, premarital education based on the SYMBIS model prepared by Les and Leslie Perot (2006) was implemented on the experimental group. Also, in order to collect data, the research tools included the conflict resolution questionnaire (CRQ) and the communication skills questionnaire of Christensen and Salluvay (1984). In the descriptive part, frequency distribution tables were used, and in the inferential part of data analysis, mixed variance analysis with repeated measurements and Bonferroni's post hoc test and SPSS software version 26 were used. The F value and the significance level of the obtained value were calculated in the variable of communication skills (F = 7.83 and P = 0.004) and conflict resolution skills (F = 6.91 and P = 0.006). Therefore, it can be concluded that the independent variable i.e. premarital education based on the SYMBIS model has significantly changed the dependent variables i.e. communication skills and conflict resolution skills. This means that the changes made in the dependent variables were caused by the membership in the experimental group or the independent variable (premarital education based on the SYMBIS model). Based on the findings, it can be concluded that premarital education based on the SYMBIS model is effective on the communication skills and conflict resolution skills of the fiancés. Therefore, this model can be used in premarital counseling.

Renal transplantation is the most effective therapeutic strategy in ESRD patients. One of the renal transplantation complications is gastrointestinal bleeding due to peptic ulcers beside other upper gastrointestinal diseases that have a great impact on patients’ morbidity and mortality.

The present study is designed for endoscopic assessment of the prevalence of upper gastrointestinal lesions and also Helicobacter pylori infection in ESRD patients waiting for renal transplantation who have no GI symptoms.

Our cross-sectional research was performed on 85 renal transplant candidates referred to organ transplantation center within 2016 to 2018. Patients who met inclusion criteria and didn’t have exclusion criteria underwent upper endoscopy. We performed biopsies in each case and data were classified according to endoscopic results, Helicobacter pylori infection and pathologic findings.

In 53 patients (62%) there were significant endoscopic findings. Erosive gastroduodenitis (32.5%) was the most prevalent finding. Abnormal histopathologic findings were found in 73% of patients and Helicobacter pylori infection was detected in 48.2%. We found significant correlation between H. Pylori infection and abnormal pathology (p=0.04).

Our results showed that asymptomatic gastrointestinal lesions and Helicobacter pylori infection were significantly prevalent in kidney transplant candidates thus routine upper endoscopy is recommended in them. This can result in early detection and treatment of gastric lesions before transplantation to prevent serious long-term complications.

One of the major problems of adolescents who are involved in oppositional defiant disorder is anxiety; Anxiety, with a prevalence of about 2-5%, means severe and extreme fear of situations where there is a possibility of analyzing a person's behavior and fear of his negative evaluation in social situations; Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of emotion-oriented therapy on the symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder and anxiety symptoms of adolescent boys with oppositional defiant disorder.

In terms of purpose, the current research was of applied type and the method of conducting it was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with an experimental group and a control group and a two-month follow-up period. Therefore, the statistical population of the study included all male children who referred to a private counseling center in the 11th district of Tehran due to the symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder. 30 people were selected by available sampling and randomly assigned to an experimental group (15 people) and a control group (15 people). Then, the emotion-oriented treatment package taken from Greenberg and Geller (2012) was implemented on the experimental group. In order to collect the data, the research tool included the Achenbach Adolescent Behavioral Problems Scale (YSR) and the Anxiety Questionnaire (SAS). The subjects of both groups completed the questionnaires at the beginning of the research, and then the experimental group received emotional therapy, while the control group did not receive any intervention. In the descriptive part, frequency distribution tables were used, and in the inferential part of data analysis, mixed variance analysis with repeated measurements and Bonferroni's post-hoc test and SPSS software version 26 were used.

The F-value and the significance level of the obtained value were calculated in the variables of symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder (F = 8.21 and P = 0.004) and anxiety (F = 8.09 and P = 0.004). Therefore, it can be concluded that the intervention used in this research, that is, emotion-oriented therapy as an independent variable, significantly caused changes in the dependent variables (symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder and anxiety). This means that the changes made in the dependent variables were caused by the implementation of emotional therapy. Moreover, the results of the post-hoc test indicated the stability of the effectiveness of emotion-oriented therapy on the research variables.

Based on the available findings, it can be concluded that emotion-oriented therapy can be useful for the treatment of those suffering from the symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder and reducing their anxiety.

Maintaining combat readiness for the military is essential to improving the performance and ability to defend the country. L-Arginine supplementation has a positive effect on physical function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks of L-arginine supplementation on Army Combat Readiness Test (ACRT) and anaerobic power in the military.

Twenty male military volunteers participated in the study and were randomly divided into two groups of 10 L-arginine and placebo. Before and 12 weeks after supplementation, subjects performed the ACRT and anaerobic tests. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Significance level was considered p≤0.05.

The results showed that L-arginine significantly decreased the ACRT test time (P = 0.001) and significantly increased anaerobic power (P = 0.027) compared to placebo.

This study concludes that 12 weeks of L-arginine supplementation can increase combat power and increase anaerobic power and thus improve physical performance in the military.

In the present paper, owing to importance of seeking a proper hydraulic response evaluation of the rubble mound structure against the incident waves, a systematic study has been carried out to investigate the wave overtoping on rubble mound breakwater. To gain this goal, numerical simulation was conducted an apposite range of sea state condition and geometrical parameters to investigate wave overtopping on rubble mound breakwater. In the current research, the effects of environmental parameters such as wave height, wave period, water depth and also a diversity of geometrical parameters including berm width, front slope and crest freeboard over the overtopping discharge, have been individually scrutinized and studied. The Flow-3D software has been used to simulate and solve the governing equations on the flow. The numerical results have been validated using experimental results. The computed results of wave overtopping discharge over parsian breakwater agree well with the physical model results. The present study, results showed that an increase in wave height, wave period and water depth would increase the wave overtopping on crest breakwater. Also, results outlined by enhancing the structural parameters like berm width and crest freeboard would increase the wave overtopping. As the slope gets steeper, the wave overtopping will be on a striking increase and strongly run-up level will be increased.

Oxidative stress (OS) contributes to the development of some disorders, including malignancies, metabolic diseases, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease.

The effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation on OS parameters have been assessed through an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

SCOPUS, PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Web of Sciences were used for article searching. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and its standard error were calculated using a random-effects DerSimonian and Laird model. All analyses were done using the STATA software version 16.0 (StataCorp, College Station, TX).

Based on twenty-five studies which remained to be incorporated in the meta-analysis, a statistically significant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA) (SMD -2.74; 95% CI -3.89, -1.58; I2 = 96.9%) as well as nitric oxide (NO) (SMD -5.16; 95% CI -7.98, 2.34; I2 = 92.5%) was associated with CoQ10 supplementation, and a significant increase in total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (SMD 3.40; 95% CI 1.98, 4.83; I2 = 97.4%) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (SMD 1.22; 95% CI 0.32, 2.12; I2 = 94.32%).

The results showed no significant effect of CoQ10 supplementation on glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT) activities, and glutathione (GSH) levels. CoQ10 supplementation significantly reduced MDA and NO concentrations and increased TAC and SOD activity.

Dietary quality indices are practical as an instrument to investigate the extent of adhering to a special diet to prevent cardiovascular disease (CVD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Considering the lack of any systematic review with regards to this issue, our aim was to examine observational studies to test the relationship between dietary quality indices and CVD risk factors in T2DM.

Systematic search was performed in Web of knowledge, PubMed, Cochrane, Science direct, Google Scholar and Scopus databases from January 1990 to July 2020. The studies exploring the relationship between dietary quality indices (diet quality score (DQS), dietary diversity score (DDS), healthy diet indicator (HDI), healthy eating index (HEI), diet quality index (DQI), Mediterranean diet score (MDS)) and lipid profile, anthropometric indices, glucose profile as well as blood pressure were eligible to be included in this review. Overall, mean changes, odd ratio (RR), correlation coefficients, and beta coefficient of outcomes were extracted, with the quality assessment of studies performed applying The Newcastle‑Ottawa scale.

From among 1627 papers, 10 articles were included: Eight cross‑sectional and two prospective (cohort) studies. The association between HEI as well as MDS and CVD risk factors was more evident in the included studies. Fasting blood sugar, hemoglobin A1c, body mass index, and waist circumference revealed the greatest inverse significant relationship with dietary quality indices in adults with T2DM.

Overall, the findings of this study suggest that the level of CVD risk factors in T2DM decreases significantly with increase i

Reactive oxygen species are produced in response to strenuous, prolonged exercise, such as swimming, which results in cell damage. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of antioxidant and coenzyme 10Q supplementation on some indicators of muscle injury in water polo boys.

The 24 boy water polo players with at least 5 years of training experience and in the age range of 17 to 23 years were randomly divided into three groups )8 people (of vitamin C, coenzyme Q10 and control. Subjects in the vitamin C group (500 mg of vitamin C tablets) and subjects in the coenzyme Q10 group (300 mg of coenzyme Q10 tablets) were consumed daily with food for two weeks. Trainings were performed for two weeks, 6 sessions per week and 90 minutes per session. Evaluation of CK, LDH and AST indices in the state of at least twelve hours of fasting was performed in three stages: previous, immediately and 24 hours after the completion of the protocol. One-factor analysis of variance test with repeated measures was used.

The results showed that CPK decreased significantly after fourteen days of supplementation in coenzyme Q10 group and increased significantly 24 hours after the last training session and in vitamin C group after fourteen days of supplementation and 24 hours after the last training session increased significantly. There was no significant difference in LDH and AST levels between the groups (P <0.05).

It seems taking coenzyme Q10 supplements may possibly reduce some indicators of muscle damage after water polo training.

Medical and health uses are among the uses that are very important for its distribution and distribution in the city. They even use it as an important factor to measure the sustainable development of cities and its proper distribution so that all the inhabitants of a city have access. Proper to have it is one of the requirements of modern urban planning. In this study, Mallard city has been selected as a case study. The city, with a population of about 400,000, has no hospital.the research method is based on the descriptive-analytical nature and its type is applied. The data collection method is based on library-field studies and spatial data of the study area. Information was collected by studying books, dissertations, articles and publications, and documents using maps 2000/1 and field observations of the situation in the study area. According to the obtained information, FuzzyAHP model in ARCGIS software environment has been used to weigh the criteria.the layers used to locate the hospital and the weights intended for each layer including slope, slope direction, height, distance from roads, distance from fire stations, distance from river, distance from fault were used and then information layers and Criteria were prepared according to the criteria, and finally a combination map of the criteria was matched after the weighting process using the overlap method. Finally, the optimal locations for the location of the hospital and health care centers on The study area was identified.the results of the research show well that the construction of a new hospital location in both the public and private sectors requires scientific and accurate location.

This study is a new design of a vertical axis turbine that generates renewable energy from low-speed currents tidal. Tidal Energy is one of the most important available resources among the renewable and environmentally friendly energy resources in oceans and seas. Tidal turbines are used to produce renewable energy. Some types of tidal turbines widely used and studied are vertical axis tidal turbines (VATT) such as Savonius, Darrieus, Gorlov, Lucid, etc., in which the flow direction is not essential for them. And some types of tidal turbines are Horizontal axis tidal turbines (HATT) which the flow direction is important and often have good performance than vertical axis turbines. These turbines are well suited for absorption of high-speed current, but most ocean areas have tidal flow at low speed. The main purpose of this research is a numerical study of tidal turbines with a horizontal and vertical axis rotor and designing and modeling VATT to increase the power efficiency in low-speed currents. In numerical modeling, the HATT at high speeds has high efficiency, and CP to TSR is more than 0.4, but with the design of the vertical Savonius turbine, with the focus of the flow on the concave blade and the removal of force from the convex blade, almost equality in speed Less than 2m/s. In the modern design of the Savonius turbine, the ratio of CP to TSR has been increased three times and reaches more than 0.3 in compare the simple Savonius classic turbine. Therefore, due to advantages such as easier installation and lower maintenance costs of Savonius turbines, and with the new design, the use of these turbines in renewable energy will be appropriate.

Due to long-term use of computers and not maintaining the correct position and angle of the body while working with it, various skeletal and muscular problems and pain in the neck area occurs. This study aims to use a biofeedbck system to alert the computer users of an inappropriate angle of their necks, and as a result help them to establish a correct neck position.

The user’s neck angle is measured using a three dimensional accelerometer and the signal is processed, digitalized, and sent to the computer. User friendly software is designed to process the received data and warn the users when their neck angle is inappropriate.

The results show that the application of the biofeedback system reduces the users’ total time with inappropriate neck angle to <50%.

results demonstrated that training with the biofeedback system has been sufficient to make the habit of maintaining the neck in the correct angle.

Patients undergoing on-pump cardiac surgery are at risk of postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI). This is mainly due to some ischemic events and also pre-and postoperative stress responses which can result in postoperative organ dysfunction. Selenium (Se) as an antioxidant may help reduce inflammation and subsequent related complications. This study aimed to test if administration of oral Se complement before and after the on-pump cardiac surgery can reduce the incidence or severity of AKI following the operation.

In this randomized double-blind trial, the patients who were a candidate for on-pump cardiac surgery were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control who received Se (n=60) or nothing (n=60), respectively. In the Se group, 500 µg of Se was administrated orally 14 and 2 h before surgery and every 12 h postoperatively for 2 days (overall 3000 µg), while the control group only received the routine and standard care. The patients were closely observed for the incidence and severity of postoperative AKI, using both Risk/Injury/Failure/Loss/End-stage (RIFLE) and the Acute Kidney Injury Network (AKIN) criteria.

The study sample included 46 (38.3%) males and 74 (61.7%) females with a mean±SD age of 52.8±16.7 years. Both groups were similar in terms of demographic characteristics, comorbidities, and Euro-SCORE. According to the RIFLE criteria, AKI occurred in 11 (17.9%) and 13 (21.4%) patients in the Se and control group, respectively. However, based on AKIN criteria, there were 17 (28.6%) and 21 (35.7%) cases of AKI in the Se and the control group, respectively (P=0.73). The most frequent stage of AKI among patients was the first stage in both groups and the highest rate of AKI was observed within 3-4 days after the surgery in both groups.

The obtained results did not approve the effect of Se in AKI prevention in coronary artery bypass grafting patients.

Today, cities are the main place of work and life of most human groups. However, they face many problems in various economic, social, cultural and environmental fields, including problems such as pollution, traffic and transportation issues, and various environmental problems, etc. The quality of life and, consequently, livability in cities is greatly reduced. Therefore, paying attention to the quality of life, conditions and facilities and needs of city residents is a vital issue. Achieving livability is one of the goals of the sustainable urban development strategy that human beings have sought to improve quantitatively and qualitatively throughout their lives. In fact, the term livability refers to the degree of necessity of a society based on the needs and capacities of the people of that society. The purpose of this study is to measure the viability in the neighborhoods of District 6 of Tehran. For this purpose, first effective indicators in measuring livability from different sources have been prepared and then the required data and information have been collected from 18 neighborhoods in the form of a survey and a questionnaire. In the next step, the importance and impact of each indicator on livability is determined based on Shannon entropy method and the studied areas are ranked based on bioavailability using Vicker multi-criteria decision making method. The results show that the indicators of education by weight (0.125), health by weight (0.117) and transportation by weight (0.105) have the most importance and impact on the viability of region 6 and the indicators of visual quality, housing and pollution by weights (0.064), respectively. , 0.065 and 0.064) have the least importance and impact on the viability of region 6. Also, based on the entropy results, Argentina and Amirabad neighborhoods with Vikor index (0.00 and 0.34) have higher livability, respectively, and Iranshahr, Nosrat and Abbasabad neighborhoods with Vikor index (0.95, 0.91 and 089) have the lowest levels, respectively. They have livability at the regional level.

Maintaining combat readiness for the military is essential to improving the performance and ability to defend the country. L-Arginine supplementation has a positive effect on physical function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 12 weeks of L-arginine supplementation on Army Combat Readiness Test (ACRT) and anaerobic power in the military.

Twenty male military volunteers participated in the study and were randomly divided into two groups of 10 L-arginine and placebo. Before and 12 weeks after supplementation, subjects performed the ACRT and anaerobic tests. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Significance level was considered p≤0.05.

The results showed that L-arginine significantly decreased the ACRT test time (P = 0.001) and significantly increased anaerobic power (P = 0.027) compared to placebo.

This study concludes that 12 weeks of L-arginine supplementation can increase combat power and increase anaerobic power and thus improve physical performance in the military.

Delayed-onset muscle soreness after eccentric resistance exercise, which is usually part of military training, maybe due to damage to muscle structure. Nutrition can play a critical role in muscle damage by playing a vital role in both protein synthesis and catabolism. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of four weeks of separate and concomitant leucine and taurine supplementation on delayed muscle soreness indices and muscle pain perception rate after eccentric resistance exercise in young non-trained men.

In this quasi-experimental study, 48 non-trained young men were randomly divided into four groups of taurine + leucine supplement (2 g of taurine and 0.1 g of leucine per kg of body weight per day), taurine supplement (2 g taurine per day), leucine supplement (0.1 g leucine per kg body weight per day) and placebo (1500 mg maltodextrin per day) and took supplement and placebo for four weeks. Delayed onset muscle soreness in lower body muscles developed using knee flexion with a weight equivalent to 70% of 1RM (3 sets and 15 repetitions). Serum creatinine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase enzymes were measured by photometry and muscle pain perception rate was measured using the Pain Assessment scale (PAS) at the time before, immediately after, 24, 48 and 72 hours after eccentric resistance training.

Comparison of changes in creatinine kinase activity and muscle pain perception rate showed a significant difference in different stages before and after eccentric resistance exercise (P<0.05).These changes were significant in the leucine + taurine group in the pre-test times up to 24 hours and 48 hours post-test compared to the leucine, taurine and placebo groups (P <0.05). Changes in lactate dehydrogenase activity between groups were not significant at different times.

Concomitant use of leucine and taurine supplements can reduce some of the indicators of muscle damage and muscle pain perception rate after eccentric resistance exercise.

Proper nutrition is one of the most important pillars of health that plays an important role in the physical and mental fitness of military forces. Nutritional deficiencies endanger the performance, efficiency and health of staff and can lead to malnutrition and weight loss. Therefore, studying the status of dietary intake and the level of staff satisfaction from nutritional status will be effective in improving the quality of nutritional services. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dietary menu and staff satisfaction with it in selected military areas of the country in comparison to military dietary reference intake.

In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 684 military personnel from different military districts of the country were studied in 2013. Quality and quantity of served food, satisfaction from menu and sanitary status of the dining room were evaluated using a researcher-made questionnaire. Also, normal and operational menus were compared with target and standard values in order to check the menus and dietary intake of staff.

After evaluating the diet using Nutritionist IV software, it was found that the dietary intake of carbohydrate and protein and some micronutrients exceed the standard of military intake but in the case of most of micronutrients, vitamin A, D, B5, biotin, folic acid, B12, and zinc were found to be deficient in all seasons. In the case of the operational ration there was a lack of calcium, potassium and phosphorus intake in addition to the lack of some vitamins. The assessment of quality and quantity of served food, satisfaction from menu and sanitary status of the dining room showed that the lowest satisfaction is related to the operational category and the highest amount is related to the headquarters. Also, a comparison of satisfaction using the one-way ANOVA test showed that the highest satisfaction rate from the menu was in provincial employees and the lowest was in operational staff (P <0.05).

The present study showed that the highest level of employee’s nutritional status satisfaction was observed in the headquarters and the lowest level was observed in the operational category. Therefore, the use of supplements or the inclusion of some food groups in the diet that meet the needs of the body and attention to the satisfaction of forces (which is an effective factor in the dietary intake and nutrition status) is important.

The present study, with the nature of developmental-applied and descriptive-analytical method, has investigated the spatial distribution of urban green infrastructure of Tabriz metropolitan areas with spatial justice approach. In this study, fuzzy network analysis (ANP Fuzzy) was used to evaluate the suitability of green infrastructure. The green infrastructure was extracted in five completely suitable, appropriate, medium, inappropriate and completely inappropriate classes. On the other hand, landscape metrics (CA, NP, Pland, Pd, LPI) were obtained in Fragstats software environment. The results showed that Zone 1 was ranked as the most suitable class with 72% and other regions were Area Two with 51%, Area Ten with 21%, Area Four with 20%, Area Three and Seven with 17%, respectively. Percentage, Region 5 with 14%, Region 6 and Eight with 7% and finally Region 2 with no proper class rank second to tenth. Survey of landscaping results also showed that the status of green infrastructure in the ten areas except areas one, two and ten is poor. These results indicate that the suitability of urban green infrastructure from the perspective of spatial justice has not been observed in the ten metropolitan areas of Tabriz.

Gastrointestinal complications after open heart surgery are high mortality despite having low incidence. One of the complications that can overshadow the surgical results is constipation. Fasting before surgery and delayed oral nutrition after surgery are the causes of constipation. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of nutritional guidelines on the prevention of constipation in patients undergoing open heart surgery.

A special nutritional care instruction was designed using a review and Delphi study. In a clinical trial, 70 patients underwent open heart surgery. They were placed in two groups of 35 (experiment and control group). Nutritional guidelines and pamphlets were taught to patients and nurses in the experiment group. Patients were screened for constipation from the day before surgery to one week after surgery. The control group received routine experiment.

The mean frequency of bowel movements in the experimental group was higher than the control group, but only statistically significant in the first two days (P <0.05). Stool consistency was more natural during the one-week postoperative period in the control group than in the control group, and this difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).

The results of this study showed that the formulated nutritional care guidelines can be effective in preventing and reducing gastrointestinal complications, especially constipation, in the first two days after open heart surgery.

 Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN), a well-known complication of using radio contrast media, dramatically increases the likelihood of patient morbidity and mortality following coronary angiography. As there is no specific treatment for CIN, prevention could be the best strategy to address this issue. Since now, the only approved preventing strategy was hydration with normal saline while antioxidant agents as a new yet unapproved remedy for this purpose could be applied .The present study was conducted to examine the effect of alpha tocopherol in CIN prevention.

This prospective controlled trial was carried out on 201 patients with chronic kidney disease (eGFR < 60 cc/min) underwent coronary angiography. We assigned three groups of CKD patients: 72 patients who received prophylaxis administration with isotonic saline (Group A), 66 patients with isotonic saline plus N-acetylcysteine (1200mg twice a day) for 2 days (Group B) and 63 patients who received isotonic saline plus daily alpha tocopherol (600 IU once daily from one day before till 2 days after angiography) for 4 days (Group C). The contrast media in all three groups was nonionic iso-osmolal agent, Visipaque.

Even though CIN didn’t developed in any of the three aforementioned groups but there was statistically significant reduction in eGFR from baseline in all three groups (P < .001). Moreover, We found no statistically significant difference in GFR reduction between three studied groups.

Administration of alpha tocopherol has no additive beneficial effect over isotonic saline in CIN prevention in CKD patients

Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) is the pain and stiffness felt in muscles several hours-to-days after unaccustomed or strenuous exercise. It is thought to be caused by eccentric exercise, which causes small-scale damage (micro trauma) to the muscle fibers. The aim of the current study was to determine the effect of one and five-day curcumin consumption on muscle damage indices after an eccentric exercise session in untrained young men. In this quasi-experimental study, 45 non-trained young men (Age; 21.5±2.4, weight; 73.6±4.2 and BMI; 23.5±1.5) were randomly divided into three groups: (One-day supplement group, five-day supplement group, and placebo group). One-day and five-day supplement groups consumed 1000 mg and 5000 mg of curcumin, respectively, and the placebo group consumed 5000 mg of maltodextrin. The last supplement was taken 8 hours before the eccentric exercise. Measurements were taken before the resistance exercise and, 24, 48, and 72 hours after, and included serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), measured using photometric methods, and muscle pain, measured using the PAS (pain assessment scale)., The resistance exercise included knee flexion with 70% of 1RM. In the five-day supplement group, there was a significant decrease in CK, LDH and muscle pain at all times, compared with the placebo and one-day supplement groups (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the one-day supplement group and the placebo group in measured parameters. According to the results of this study, it seems a daily consumption of 1,000 mg of curcumin supplement for five days may reduce some of the muscle damage indicators, as well as pain sensation, after an eccentric resistance exercise.

A basic intervention to reduce prevalence of the disease is educating healthy lifestyle particularly for those who are at risk. Present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of two methods of in-situ training and text messaging on blood pressure and lifestyle in a number of military forces susceptible to hypertension. Using a quasi-experimental study, 100 individuals from military forces were randomly assigned to either in-situ training or text messaging groups. Initial assessment on systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as lifestyle, body mass index, and physical activity were conducted. Then both groups experienced an educational intervention either by in-situ training or text messaging. Three months after the intervention all variables were assessed again and the data were analyzed by student t-test and Chi-square statistical tests. Systolic blood pressures in average revealed a significant reduction in both groups after intervention compared to baseline. Variables such as weight, body mass index, and physical activity improved in both groups after intervention. Although, the lifestyle total score changed considerably in both groups, in the text-messaging group there was no notable change in domains including health responsibility, spiritual growth, and interpersonal relationships. Text messaging to somewhat may be effective as well as in-situ training to change some health related behaviors and consequently be resulted in blood pressure control.

Housing policies, above all, represent the attitudes, ideals and political beliefs of governments, and also reflect the real desire to improve the quality of the low income classes. The purpose of this study is to assess the strengths and weaknesses of housing policies in pre-revolutionary development plans and post-revolution development plans. The method of this research is descriptive and analytical, which has been gathered using documentary-library resources. According to the findings, the most important strengths of the pre-revolutionary development plans are the construction of affordable housing for slum dwellers, housing for low-income groups, and the import of many materials, the diversification of housing construction, the resolution of the problem of middle class housing These are the weaknesses of these programs. The strengths of the post-revolutionary programs, the supply of land and housing at regional prices, and control the trend of rising land prices, increasing durable buildings, paying attention to areas in need of renovation and renovation of worn out textiles, social housing, and the formation of The phenomenon of land speculation and the development of land and housing ... are among the weaknesses of these programs.

Increasing population and urbanization in the metropolis of Tehran have led to an increase in the number of cars and, as a result, the need for fuel supplies. The network of gas fueled sites is one of the components of the urban services network, which acts as a fuel supplier to the intercity transportation sector, and in its turn, it is important. The purpose of this study was to determine the proper locations of Gas Shelter (CNG) as a municipal user, according to the criteria and criteria in District 4 of Tehran Municipality. In order to achieve this goal, by using the ArcGIS, a map of effective criteria for finding gas storage locations such as population density, passageways and access, land gradient, compatible applications and incompatible applications were prepared. The research method is descriptive-analytic. In order to weigh the criteria, two methods of using experts knowledge and mathematical models as well as software such as Expert Choise were used and the final weight of the criteria was determined. Finally, with the weight multiplication of each criterion in the prepared layer for each criterion and the overlapping of layers using the ArcGIS software capabilities, a final map of the locations for the construction of shelter positions in the 4th municipality of Tehran was prepared. The final map of the location was divided into three classes with suitable potential (49.30% of the total area), moderate (33.6% of the total area) and inappropriate (17.00% of the total area), and it was found that only 14% Of the sites located in the proper range of construction of the storage facilities, the rest are in medium and inappropriate areas. It was also found that the northern and eastern areas of Region 4 have the greatest potential for the construction of new gas fields.

Housing is one of the most basic human needs and is considered one of the acute problems of developing countries. The weakness of economic management, the lack of housing planning, and the accelerated growth of urban populations have made housing in Iran a problem; hence, paying attention to issues and improving the quality and quantity of housing can make planning and decision making in this section. Facilitate The purpose of this research is to investigate the status of the quantitative and qualitative indicators of housing in Ahvaz city and its comparison with other urban areas of the country, as well as prediction of land and housing required by this city until 1400. The research method is descriptive-analytical based on library resources, population and housing censuses, Ahwaz Statistical Yearbook and field data. The results of this research show that during the period of 1345-1390, the quality and quantity indices of Ahwaz have improved, but in some cases, compared with other urban areas of the country, is in lower rank. In this study, the population and the number of households in the city are projected to by 1400, and it is estimated that during this period 119404 new residential units and 10268744 square meters of land will be needed.