فهرست مطالب amir mohsen rahnejat

Understanding the attitudes of military personnel towards suicide is crucial for evaluating suicide prevention programs, clinical practices, and policies within the military community. This study aimed to assess the psychometric properties of the Military Suicide Attitudes Questionnaire (MSAQ) among conscripts in the Islamic Republic of Iran Army Ground Forces.

In 2020, a descriptive-correlational study was conducted with a sample of 420 conscripts selected through cluster sampling. Data were collected using a demographic information form, the MSAQ, Suicide Stigma Scale (SOSS), and Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI). Face validity was determined qualitatively, internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, and convergent, divergent, and retest validity were evaluated using Pearson correlation coefficient. Exploratory factor analysis was employed to identify the MSAQ's factor structure.

Analysis revealed that the MSAQ showed convergent validity with the SOSS and divergent validity with the BSSI. The questionnaire demonstrated appropriate internal consistency, test-retest reliability, concurrent validity, and cut-off point.

The findings suggest that the MSAQ is a valid and reliable tool for assessing suicidal ideation among conscripts in Iran.

Suicide is an important health issue nearly all over the world. The Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS) is a well-known instrument for suicide risk assessment. Our purpose in this study is to provide a Persian version of the C-SSRS and evaluate its psychometric properties in the Iranian military population, particularly suicide risk leveling characteristic of the C-SSRS.

For linguistic adaptation, we gathered opinions of an expert panel consisting of 23 professionals in mental health sciences. Furthermore, this version was administered to two groups of soldiers, one representing a sample of normal population (N = 338), while the other group comprised a sample of clinical population from a referral psychiatric hospital (N = 348) in Tehran, capital of Iran, from July 2021 until one year later. Besides the C-SSRS, the Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BSS), and General Health Questionnaire 28 (GHQ28) were obtained from the participants. Correlation coefficients, internal consistency, and factor analysis were evaluated using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (version 23) software.

All items of the Persian version of the C-SSRS had acceptable content validity and face validity. This tool demonstrated high correlation coefficients with the BSSI (r = 0.73, P < 0.001) and BHS (r = 0.64, P < 0.001), but a low correlation coefficient with the GHQ28 (r = 0.22, P < 0.001). Specifically, the suicide risk level based on the C-SSRS had a high correlation with both the BSSI and BHS. Also, its internal consistency was satisfactory (Cronbach's alpha = 0.89). Furthermore, factor analysis revealed two factors that is consistent with suicidal ideation and suicidal behavior factors.

Our results indicated acceptable validity and reliability for the Persian version of the C-SSRS, demonstrating its capability to classify suicide risk. It can be concluded that the ordinal suicide risk level (as red, orange, yellow and green) is a valid index for the application of the C-SSRS.

Paying attention to psychological issues and characteristics of military service is one of the points that must be assessed by senior planners and commanders.

In the present descriptive correlational study, 604 soldiers serving in the barracks of Kerman province in 2021 were studied. Cluster sampling was used to select the statistical sample from the two barracks of Martyr Ashraf Ganjavii and Martyr Bahonar of the police force. Three characteristics of Mental Health, Personality Traits and Psychological Empowerment were compared in two groups of newly arrived and discharged soldiers.

Two hundred fifty-seven people (42.5%) were in the group of newly arrived soldiers, and 347 people (57.5%) were in the other group. The average scores of the discharged group in all aspects of mental health were lower than those of the newly arrived group (p<0.05). The average scores of two dimensions of neuroticism and extraversion in the discharged group was significantly higher than that of the newly arrived group (p<0.05). Also the two groups had a significant difference in competence score (p=0.048).

According to the results of this study, military service has had a negative effect on the mental health of soldiers. Nonetheless, it cannot be alleged that military service had a significant effect on the psychological empowerment of soldiers. Consequently, it seems obligatory to use psychological and clinical consultants and doctors for appropriate interventions to increase mental health, such as education, counseling, and psychotherapy.

 In military organizations and units, commanders, as the most influential people on the military conditions of duty-staff personnel, have a significant impact on the mental and physical health of their forces. Therefore, primary mental health training and improving their ability to deal with risky behaviors can guarantee the health of the military forces under their command.

 This study aimed to evaluate the impact of the gatekeeper training program in improving the attitude and enhancing the knowledge about suicide prevention among Iranian army commanders.

 This practical research was structured using a quasi-experimental method with the 31-question scale of the attitude toward suicide (ATTS) questionnaire as a pretest and posttest. A sample of 40 commanders in Tehran’s military barracks was appointed by purposeful sampling (20 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group). The experimental group received a gatekeeper-based suicide prevention training package, while the control group received no training. The data obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test in SPSS software.

 The present study indicated a considerable impact on knowledge and attitude about suicide in IR army commanders. Furthermore, the difference between the experimental and control groups in suicide prevention knowledge and its fundamental structures was significant, and in the entire population, it was greater than 0.1.

 The findings indicated that the gatekeeper training package significantly improved attitudes toward suicide and enhanced knowledge about it. Thus, the gatekeeper training package can be used in other active training methods to educate commanders to prevent suicide.

Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) experience symptoms of cognitive impairment. These patients perceive a lot of stress and are required to comply with quarantine conditions. Remote stress management training, in accordance with the principles of quarantine of these patients, can be effective in their recovery process. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of remote stress management training on the cognitive status of patients with COVID-19.

In this randomized clinical trial, the research population was all the patients with COVID-19 referred to Gharazi Hospital in Isfahan City, Iran, in the winter of 2021. Seventy patients were selected by available sampling method and divided into two intervention and control groups (35 people) by limited randomization method. For the intervention group, the remote stress management online training program was implemented in five 60-minute sessions over two weeks. The control group did not receive training. The cognitive status index was measured using Folstein et al.'s brief cognitive status examination questionnaire [Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)] before and after the training sessions. The data were analyzed with SPSS software at two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics and by performing chi-square test, independent t-test, paired t-test as well as the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).

The comparison of the average scores of the cognitive status in the pre-test and post-test phases of the two groups showed that the remote stress management training had a significant effect on the cognitive status of the patients with COVID-19 and improved this index in the intervention group (P ≤ 0.05).

Based on the results, remote stress management training can improve the cognitive status of patients with COVID-19. Therefore, this method of training is recommended due to the convenience and possibility of using it in the quarantine conditions of these patients.

The high prevalence and consequences of hypertension in teachers has doubled the importance of identifying factors affecting blood pressure disease, the purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the diagnostic role of health-oriented strategies, self-management and incompatible strategies on hypertension: A discriminant analysis in Khorram Abad city. The current research method was cross-sectional in year1402. The statistical population was made up of teachers in Khorramabad city, the sample size of the study was equal to 324 people, of which 175 teachers without hypertension and 149 teachers with hypertension were selected by available sampling method. In this study, the standard questionnaire of psychological factors affecting blood pressure was used to collect data, and these data were analyzed with the help of spss-24 software and by variance analysis and discriminant analysis. The results of the discriminant analysis showed that the discriminant function has a very high clean power to distinguish and diagnose teachers with and without hypertension (p<0.05), such that 81.7% of the position of the discriminant function is based on the components of health-oriented strategies, self-management and inconsistent strategies. Also, the diagnostic power related to the subscale of awareness of the disease has been higher(p<0.05). Based on the findings of the present research, it can be concluded that psychological factors play an important role in diagnosing and predicting teacher’s hypertension, and for this purpose, psychologists, counselors and education professionals should pay attention to these factors to prevent and treat teacher’s hypertension.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on emotional cognitive regulation and mental health in employees experiencing burnout at Isfahan Gas Company. The method used was a quasi-experimental design with pre-test-post-test and a control group waiting for treatment. The statistical population of this research comprised the employees of Isfahan Gas Company in 2019. Using the burnout questionnaire (MBI), 30 individuals with burnout were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. They were then randomly assigned into control and experimental groups (15 people in each group). The experimental group received 8 sessions of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy training, while the control group did not participate in these sessions. The research instruments used included the Mental Health Questionnaire (GHQ), the Job Burnout Questionnaire (MBI), and the Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionnaire (CERS). The data were analyzed using SPSS-24 software and analysis of covariance. The results showed that the intervention (MBCT) improved mental health and emotional cognitive regulation in the experimental group compared to the control group. Therefore, Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) proved to be effective in enhancing emotional cognitive regulation and mental health among employees experiencing burnout. It is recommended to use this intervention to improve the mental health and related components of employees in industrial companies.

Obesity is a pervasive problem that can severely impair physical health. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy on self-management in obese people.

The present study was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with follow-up and control group. The statistical population of the study included all patients referred to the counseling and psychological center of the best way in Qazvin in 1398 who were diagnosed with obesity by physicians and nutritionists. Using purposive sampling method, 60 people were selected and randomly assigned to three groups (dialectical behavior therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy and control) (20 people in each group). Cognitive-behavioral therapy and dialectical behavior therapy were performed for 10 sessions for the experimental groups and no treatment was performed for the control group. The bariatric surgery self-management questionnaire was completed by the participants in the pre-test, post-test and six-month follow-up stages. Mixed analysis of variance test was used to analyze the data.

Due to the difference between the test stages after performing two interventions of dialectical behavior therapy and cognitive-behavioral therapy, group membership and interaction of stages and groups were significant for self-management (P <0.05). The effectiveness of dialectical behavior therapy was greater than cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Based on the results of this study, it seems that dialectical behavior therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy can be effective in increasing self-management in obese people.

The aim of this research was to determine the effectiveness of group therapy on the severity of symptoms and perception of the disease in people with irritable bowel syndrome. The research was a semi-experimental type with a one-month follow-up phase. The population consisted of all female patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome. The statistical sample included 30 people who were selected purposefully. Then, 15 people were randomly replaced in the control group and 15 people in the experimental group. The intervention group received meta-diagnostic treatment during 8 sessions of 60 minutes once a week. Data were collected by using Brad Bennett et al.'s (2006) brief IPQ and the severity of symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-SSS) by Lechner et al. (2013) (IBS-SSS) was repeatedly analyzed. The symptom severity scores of women with irritable bowel syndrome decreased from pre-test to post-test and follow-up, which indicates the effect of extra diagnostic treatment in reducing the severity of symptoms and perception of the disease in these women (p<0.05). with the persistence of the effect in the follow-up phase in reducing the severity of symptoms and perception of the disease; The stability of the effect of extra diagnostic group therapy on reducing the severity of symptoms and disease perception of women suffering from irritable bowel syndrome was confirmed (p<0.05). It can be concluded that this intervention was able to reduce the severity of symptoms and perception of the disease to a great extent.

The stigma of mental disorders is a common phenomenon, that barricades seeking medical help. Stigma includes a negative attitude toward a person that occurs due to a distinctive feature, such as race, sexual orientation, or mental disorder. Regarding the negative consequences of the stigma in the course of the disorder and the life of people with mental illness, the aim of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Iranian version of the stigma-9 questionnaire (STIG-9) in people with mental disorders.

The statistical population included all military personnel with mental disorders hospitalized in the 505 Psychiatric Hospital from October 2020 to January 2021. By convenience sampling method, 95 patients were selected. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS software, version 26, and for factor analysis, R Coding software version 3.6.3 and R package lavaan 0.7 were used.

The face validity was evaluated quantitatively using impact score and the content validity was evaluated quantitatively using content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI) based on the opinion of 15 experts. All items were validated in terms of face and content validity. To evaluate the internal consistency, Cronbach’s α coefficient was calculated (α=0.86). Factor analysis was used to evaluate the construct validity. The results of factor analysis showed that the questionnaire had three factors.

The Stig-9 questionnaire is an appropriate instrument to evaluate perceived stigma in people with mental disorders in Iranian society.

Diabetes is one of the diseases can have psychological causes, in addition to medical causes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based art therapy on depression, anxiety and stress among patients with type 2 diabetes.

The present study was quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group waiting for treatment. The research sample consisted of 50 people with type 2 diabetes who were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received mindfulness-based art therapy for 12 sessions, while the control group did not receive any intervention. To measure psychological variables, the short-form version of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) was used. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of covariance by SPSS/25 software at a significance level of α = 0.05.

The results of one-way analysis of covariance showed that a period of mindfulness-based art therapy significantly reduced depression and anxiety in patients with type 2 diabetes (p <0.05) but did not have a significant effect on stress in patients with type 2 diabetes (p>0.05).

According to the results of the present study, this intervention is recommended to promote mental health in people with type 2 diabetes.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a debilitating chronic disease due to major changes in the health status and lifestyle of people in recent years; it has been one of the common and significant problems in the field of healthcare and medical professionals, which requires psychological interventions besides the biological treatments due to the accompanying psychological complications. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness therapy and interoceptive exposure on symptom severity of patients with IBS.

This was a clinical trial study and statistical population consisted of all patients with IBS referred to specialized centers in Isfahan, Iran. The research sample consisted of 45 patients who were selected by availability sampling method and randomly assigned to three experimental and control groups. The experimental groups were subjected to cognitive-behavioral interventions based on mindfulness and cognitive-behavioral interventions based on interoceptive exposure, respectively. The research data were collected with the help of the IBS Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS) and were analyzed using the statistical method of repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).

Mindfulness therapy and interoceptive exposure therapy were effective on the severity of symptoms in the experimental groups compared to the control group (P < 0.01). In addition, a significant difference was found between the two educational strategies in the post-test and follow-up stages (P < 0.01). Mindfulness therapy was more effective on the severity of the symptoms of the patients and a greater reduction was obtained in the averages of the two stages.

Mindfulness therapy and interoceptive exposure therapy led to improvement of severity of patients' symptoms and physicians can use these psychological methods as a complement to biological therapies.

Nowadays, in different societies, due to the changes in lifestyle and the prevalence of stress and anxiety, cardiovascular diseases have increased significantly. One of the factors that directly affects cardiovascular diseases is blood pressure. Primary blood pressure is blood pressure that does not have a specific organic cause and is usually caused by physical and psychological factors. High blood pressure is an unusual disorder that lacks any apparent symptoms. A person with blood pressure disease may not have any symptoms, feel it, or pay attention to it. Cardiovascular diseases account for half of adult deaths. The characteristic of this disease is an increase in systemic arterial pressure. From a clinical point of view, a person with high blood pressure is said to have an arterial blood pressure of more than 140/90 mm Hg. The majority of people who suffer heart attacks every year have one or more underlying risk factors, including high blood pressure, diabetes, smoking, poor nutrition, high blood fat, and inactivity. Most of these factors can be controlled or corrected, but high blood pressure can cause some restrictions on affected people's lives. Based on the Grounded theory, the current research aimed to provide a model of psychological factors affecting teachers' blood pressure.

The participants in this research were selected through a purposeful snowball sampling among teachers with high blood pressure and experts (specialists in the field of cardiovascular diseases). Sampling continued until the data saturation. Therefore, the number of participants reached 25 people (14 teachers and 11 specialists). The inclusion criteria were as follows: having consent to participate in the study, knowing proper information about the study topic, having blood pressure (history or chronic form), and having expertise in treating cardiovascular diseases (for study experts). The exclusion criteria were as follows: lacking informed consent, having less than three years of working background, and having chronic psychological disorders like depression, anxiety, and stress (recognized in clinical interview).
The main question of this research was what factors (psychological and physical) can influence the increase in blood pressure among teachers. During the interview, additional and more detailed questions were asked to obtain richer and more detailed information. Twenty–five interviews were conducted, and their duration was between 30 and 65 minutes. Strauss and Corbin's (1998) coding method was used for data analysis, including three stages of open coding (extraction of basic concepts), axial coding (extraction of major categories), and selective coding (determination of core category). In open coding, the analyst extracts categories and their characteristics and then tries to determine how the categories change along the specified dimensions. In axial coding, categories are systematically refined and linked with subcategories. Selective coding is the process of integrating and improving categories.

All the participants in this research were teachers with blood pressure and specialists in internal medicine and cardiology. The logic and method of presenting the findings is based on the general pattern of the research done in the Grounded theory. The research findings are presented in two parts. The first part includes descriptive findings, and the second presents qualitative research findings and data. In the analysis of the interviews conducted with the participants in the open coding stage, 709 primary codes were extracted. In the axial coding stage, 75 concepts were extracted, and in the selection stage, 19 categories were extracted. The results of selective coding showed that six categories were causal factors, four were background factors, three were intervening factors, three were strategies, and three were consequences. These factors were classified in the six classes of Grounded theory.

This research shows the need to pay attention and emphasize the role of education in controlling patients' blood pressure through pursuing a proper lifestyle and following correct behavioral habits. It is obvious that education, in addition to improving patients' performance and preventing the spread of their diseases, can lead to the formation of correct behavior patterns and appropriate lifestyles in society. Notably, modifying people's lifestyles through social and cultural influences, nutrition education, and presenting a reformed model of food consumption and physical activity can be appropriate solutions to improve the health of society. These research findings emphasized the psychological factors affecting blood pressure in different fields. The results highlighted the role of psychological interventions to control patients' blood pressure with proper lifestyle and correct behavioral habits.

Covid-19 patients perceive a lot of stress and suffer from psychological symptoms including depression, stress and anxiety. Because these patients are required to comply with quarantine conditions, remote training can be used for these patients. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of remote training of stress management in a cognitive-behavioral way on the psychological symptoms of covid-19 patients. In this randomized clinical trial, the research population was all the patients with Covid-19 referred to the Dr.Garazi hospital in Isfahan city in the winter of 1400. 70 people were selected by available sampling method and divided into two intervention and control groups (35 people) by limited randomization method. For the intervention group, remote training program on stress management was implemented in five sessions of 60 minutes in two weeks. The control group did not receive training. Psychological symptoms were measured before and after the training sessions using the DASS-21 questionnaire. The data were analyzed with SPSS21 software and by performing chi-square tests, analysis of variance, independent and paired t-test, and analysis of covariance. Remote training of stress management in a cognitive-behavioral way had a significant effect on all dimensions of psychological symptoms of covid-19 patients and reduced them in the intervention group (p≤0.05). Based on the results, this method of training can improve the psychological symptoms of covid-19 patients and it is recommended due to the convenience and possibility of use in the quarantine conditions of these patients.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy diseases which is the leading cause of death in women with more than two million deaths per year. Pain in cancer patients has a complex relationship with adverse childhood experiences, attachment and social support, the multiple relationships of which has not been studied to date. The present study was conducted aimed to investigate the multiple dimensions of this relationship.

In a cross-sectional study conducted in the form of a structural equation modeling, from July to September 2021 with 360 participants diagnosed with breast cancer who referred to three chemotherapy centers in Tehran were selected using purposeful sampling method and entered thestudy process after obtaining informed consent and fulfilling the assumed criteria. Four indicators of adverse childhood experiences, attachment style, pain, and perceived social support were completed by participants over a period of time. Data were analyzed using SPSS and Amos software version 25.

Data analysis showed that adverse childhood experiences mediated by perceived social support was associated with the perception of pain in women with breast cancer (P<0.05). But the relationship between avoidant (β=0.015), safe (β=-.023) and ambivalent (β=0.026) attachment styles with pain perception was not significant and attachment styles through perceived social support could not have a significant effect on pain perception (P>0.05).

Some of the findings of this study are in line with the research, indicating the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and pain perception and highlight the role of perceived social support. However, the relationship between attachment styles and pain perception is complex and requires further study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy on feelings of rejection, increasing marital adjustment and emotional regulation in women affected by domestic violence.

In order to conduct this study, 24 women who were victims of domestic violence and referred to psychology and counseling clinics and forensic medicine centers in Mashhad who volunteered to participate in this study were selected and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups and answered the questionnaires of rejection perception, marital adjustment and emotional regulation in pre-test and post-test. The experimental group underwent emotion-focused therapy for ten sessions and the control group remained on the waiting list.

Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to analyze the relationship between variables. The results showed that emotion-focused therapy was effective in reducing the feeling of rejection and increasing marital adjustment and improving emotional regulation in the participants of the experimental group (P <0.01).

It can be said that teaching the components of emotion-focused approach to women affected by domestic violence can improve their performance in relation to family relationships and thus improve their quality of life.

One of the most attractive and complex abstract concepts that various theories have been presented to describe since the end of the 19th century in psychology is personality, in fact, a set of relatively stable and unique characteristics that thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in A developmental and contextual framework is influenced by environmental and genetic factors and gives stability and individuality to behavior. In addition to environmental and genetic factors, one of the other influencing factors on personality is dopamine, which is a neural regulator in reward, approach behavior, exploration, and various aspects of cognition, and it seems that changes in dopaminergic function mean having a relationship with dopamine neurotransmitters. It is associated with personality changes but exactly what traits are influenced by dopamine is a controversial question. Despite the widespread attention to the role of dopamine in neuroscience, there is no comprehensive theory about its role in personality and it is believed to be effective in characteristics such as extraversion, aggression, intelligence, and schizotypy. According to some views, personality traits can predict people's behavior and performance, as well as provide preparation and potentially effective background for their mental health. To evaluate personality, we can refer to Cloninger, Kettle, Minnesota, Neo, Eysenck, Beck, etc. questionnaires. One of the famous theories of character description is Cloninger's neuro-biological model of nature and character which examines genotypic dimensions. This seven-factor model of personality includes the dimensions of nature, i.e., automatic emotional responses with a hereditary aspect, and character, i.e., self-concepts and individual differences in goals, values, and choices. It is a person who grows throughout life. From the point of view of Iranian traditional medicine, temperament is a key concept in defining health, disease diagnosis, and treatment. People have different physical, emotional, psychological, and personality characteristics based on their temperament, and attitudes and moods depend on temperament. Hence, each person has a unique temperament and two people can never be considered the same despite their appearance. Therefore, temperamental traits may be considered among individual differences. Personality psychology is one of the most effective topics for understanding human nature, which has presented personality models with different dimensions. Ancient Greek philosophers believed that four temperaments can be defined as personality types. Considering that few types of research have been conducted in the classification of people's temperament and personality traits, the purpose of the present research is to conduct research and improve basic knowledge based on experimental data, such researches are especially based on cultural-native issues to answer the questions and Ambiguities in the relationship between the characteristics of personality traits and character forces of people with different temperamental characteristics are important, because by identifying these characteristics through the methods and techniques of signs and semiotics by traditional medicine specialists, people's temperament can be traced and it is possible to follow a more reliable path to know the characteristics of the traits. Took a step, therefore, the current research was conducted to identify and compare the characteristics of the personality traits of people with four temperamental characteristics.

In the present study, which is of a causal-comparative type, 160 people were selected by targeted sampling from people participating in traditional medicine classes, and they were divided into four groups of 40 people from each temperament group. To identify the characteristics, the questionnaires of Kettle's personality traits, Cloninger's nature and character, Mojahedi's temperament test, and also the traditional medicine expert interview were used. Descriptive statistics and multivariate variance analysis were used to analyze the data.

The results showed that there is a significant difference between the dimensions of nature and character of people with four temperament characteristics (P<0.05), although it is worth mentioning that no significant difference was observed in the two dimensions of harm avoidance and self-management. Also, there was no significant difference between temperament groups in the dimensions of personality traits.

Considering that the present research is important to examine the questions and ambiguities about the characteristics of the nature and character of people with different temperamental characteristics based on Iranian traditional medicine and psychology, it is hoped that to make a definite opinion in this field, more researches by Researchers should do it, because by using the methods of symptoms and semiotics of traditional medicine experts and personality models of psychologists, we can take a step towards a broader path for awareness and recognition of the characteristics of people's personality traits. Considering the relative concordance of the obtained results, it is suggested that more research be done in the field of temperament and character traits in children, adolescents, and adults. Therefore, it can be used to identify the personality traits of people who refer to counseling centers in the field of pre-marriage and divorce counseling, determining academic, academic, and career fields, so that they can enjoy a satisfactory quality of life and social relationships. It is hoped that by using it by doctors, psychologists, and counselors in different aspects of people's lives, an effective step will be taken in the direction of improving mental well-being.

Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common malignancy worldwide and pain is an important problem and one of the most unstable symptoms in these patients. The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and attachment styles with pain perception in patients with BC.

In a cross-sectional study in the form of a structural equation modeling (SEM), during the period from July to September 2021, 360 participants diagnosed with BC, who were referred to three chemotherapy centers in Tehran, Iran, were selected using a purposeful sampling method and entered into the research process after obtaining informed consent and fulfilling the necessary criteria. Four indices of adverse childhood experiences, attachment style, pain, and quality of life were completed by participants over some time. Data were analyzed using Amos software.

Data analysis showed that adverse childhood experiences mediated by the quality oflife were not associated with pain perception of women with BC (P > 0.05). However, the relationship between secure attachment style and pain perception mediated by the quality of life was observed as significant (P < 0.05, β = -0.06). But the relationship between avoidant (β = 0.026) and two-bilateral attachment(β = 0.028) attachment styles with pain perception was not significant (P > 0.05).

Part of the findings of this study was in line with the research background indicating the relationship between secure attachment style and pain perception mediated by the quality of life. However, the association of adverse childhood experiences with pain perception is a complex one that requires further study.

It is predicted that the negative effects of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic will continue. These negative effects are not limited to psychological problems. Serious physiological and economic problems have also been observed. It is important to develop and standardize appropriate tools to assess its different effects. This study aims to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S) in Iranian samples.

In this study,  participants were people aged 18-60 years in Iran from March to May 2022, who were selected by a convenience sampling method. In order to evaluate the convergent and discriminant validity, the second version of the acceptance and action questionnaire, the brief version of the difficulty in emotion regulation scale, and the fear of COVID‐19 scale were used. The factor structure of the questionnaire was examined by confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability was examined using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and the test-retest method. The data were analyzed in SPSS version 25 and LISREL version 8.8.

The results of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the four-factor structure the Persian C19P-S. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the whole scale was 0.90; for the subscales of psychological, psychological, economic and social factors, it was 0.87, 0.88, 0.89, and 0.91, respectively. In addition, the test-retest reliability with a four-week interval for the whole scale was 0.86; for the subscales of psychological, psychological, economic and social factors, it was 0.83, 0.79, 0.82, and 0.88, respectively. The correlation coefficients indicated the favorable convergent and discriminant validity of the Persian C19P-S  (P<0.001).

The Persian C19P-S is a reliable and valid scale for measuring coronaphobia in Iranian samples.

 Military personnel are prone to depression due to their job’s nature and requirements. Therefore, the use of accurate and efficient screening tools to diagnose depression is essential. The aim of this study is to investigate the psychometric properties of the Iranian version of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report (QIDS-SR) in the military community.

 The present study is a descriptive-correlational and validation study. In this regard, a sample of 410 volunteers was chosen from the 505th specialized military psychiatric hospital of the Islamic Republic of Iran. In addition to the demographic questionnaire, participants also completed the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report (QIDS-SR) and the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II). Then the face and content validity, internal consistency, test-retest validity, cut-off point, and sensitivity and specificity of the inventory were analyzed by using qualitative method, Cronbach's alpha, Pearson correlation coefficient, independent means comparison test, and receiver operating curve analysis which were all done via the SPSS-26 software.

 The results showed that this inventory has good content and face validity. The internal consistency of 0.91 and the reliability coefficient of the test-retest indicates the stability of the scores in the interval of 3 days. The independent t-test showed that this inventory can differentiate between depressed and non-depressed people. The sensitivity of the inventory was 0.87 and its specificity was 0.73. Therefore, according to the most appropriate sensitivity and specificity, the cut-off point of the quick inventory of depressive symptomatology was 17.

 The findings indicated that the list of quick inventory of depressive symptomatology has good validity and reliability among the Iranian military population and can be used in research and clinical situations.

Serving in military service is associated with opportunities and challenges. One of the most important concerns of families and their commanders is preventing any serious harm and maintaining the physical and mental health of soldiers.

The present study aimed to investigate the causes of escape from military service.

The present study is a qualitative study of the Grand Theory whose research community includes all soldiers with a history of escaping from military service. Based on purposive sampling, 53 soldiers were interviewed until theoretical data saturation. The data collection tool was semi-structured interviews. Other sources included printed and electronic library resources with data from valid and available scientific databases.

Based on the answers provided by the interviewees, 101 concepts were extracted from the interviews in the open coding stage. After analyzing and categorizing the concepts, 20 central codes and finally three selected codes including “personality causes”, “external organizational causes” and “internal organizational causes,” were obtained.

By identifying the compound causes of desertion, policymakers can put reforms in training, support, and administration on the agenda to reduce the trend of high-risk behaviors such as escaping.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between Covid-2019 and sexual dysfunction.

A cross-sectional study included the affected coronavirus disease 2019 patients in outpatient and inpatient settings between July 2020 and December 2020. This study was used the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) and Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaires to evaluate sexual function. Two different questionnaires were used for men(15 questions) and women (19 questions). Two similar forms were given to the affected patients; the first questionnaire related the sexual function status before the pandemic, and the second related to the sexual function changes after the Covid-2019 infection (at least one month after covid infection recovery).

The sexual desire significantly decreased in males (change from 12.58±2.15 to 10.75 ±2.81; P-value<0.001) and females (change from 14.75±3.01 to  12.67±3.62; P-value<0.001 ) patients after the Covid-2019 infection compared to the pre-covid period, respectively. The sexual function also significantly decreased in affected patients by Covid-2019 infection in males (from 63.91±10.22 to 54.06±12.43; P-value<0.001) and females (from77.4±15.09 to 61.54±16.18; P-value<0.001) patients after the Covid-2019 infection compared to the pre-covid period, respectively. Also, the mean score of sexual desire was lower in men, which means the decrease in sexual desires was more severe in men than women. Patients with more severe disease and a history of ICU admission had a more severe decrease in sexual function scores compared to the outpatient setting.

The sexual desire and sexual function scores significantly decreased in affected patients by Covid-2019 infection compared to the pre-covid period in males and females. The mean score of sexual desire was lower in men affected with Covid-2019 infection compared to the females. Patients with more severe disease and a history of ICU admission had a more severe decrease in sexual function scores compared to the outpatient setting.

Early and early detection of psychological distress and ensuring the psychological health levels of military personnel using screening tools is of great importance in increasing the performance and combat capability of the armed forces. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Iranian version of the Mental Health Inventory (MHI-38) in military personnel and to compile a lie detector scale for it.

The present study was a descriptive and correlational psychometric design. The statistical population included all the employees of the Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran, from which 420 people were selected by cluster sampling. The Mental Health Inventory (MHI-38), the Beck Anxiety Scale (BAI), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDA-II) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) were used to collect data. Face validity and internal consistency were assessed using qualitative method and Cronbach's alpha coefficient, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficient was also used to evaluate the reliability of retest, concurrent validity, divergent validity and convergent validity.

The internal consistency values of the Cronbach's alpha mental health checklist for well-being and psychological distress and the whole scale were 0.79, 0.80 and 0.81, respectively. Also, the reliability coefficient of the retest was calculated to be 0.79, 0.76 and 0.75, respectively. Simultaneous validity of the mental health inventory was -0.55 for psychological well-being and 0.65 for psychological helplessness. Also, divergent validity for well-being and psychological helplessness was -0.59 and -0.64, respectively, and convergent validity was 0.65 and 0.51, respectively. All coefficients were significant at the level of P<0.01.

Based on the results of this study, it can be said that the mental health inventory has good reliability and validity and can be used for research and clinical purposes in the field of mental health of the military.

The purpose of the present study was to examine the effect of psychodrama on emotional cognitive regulation and self-harm in soldiers with traits or borderline personality disorder. The research was a semi-experimental method with a pre-test and post-test with a control group that was wating for treatment. The statistical population included all soldiers with traits or borderline personality disorder which had been referred to Army Ground Forces Psychiatric Subspeciality Hospital of the Islamic Republic of Iran in Tehran for outpatient treatment during 2019, and 20 of them were selected by available purposive sampling methods and randomly divided in the experimental and control groups(10 people in each group). The experimental group was under treatment within 12 sessions of 90 minutes. Klonsky self-harm scales, Garnefski and kraaig cognitive emotion regulation scales were administered before the start of treatment and the end of treatment sessions. The control group did not receive any intervention. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed an improvement in emotional cognitive regulation and a reduction in self-harm in the experimental group compared to the control group waiting for treatment. As a result, this treatment can be used to emotional cognitive regulation and self-harm in soldiers with traits or borderline personality traits or disorders.

Iranchr('39')s elderly population is expected to reach 26% of total population in 2050, so their mental and physical health, needs special attention. This study aimed to investigate the effect of virtual reality (dream-creating) on resilience of female elderlies.

This quasi-experimental study was applied in pretest-posttest-follow up design with control group. The data population was 250 female elderlies over 65 year old from Sari, without any heart or mental diseases, who volunteered to participate in study through virtual network announcements from December 2019 to February 2020. Based on purposive sampling, 30 of them, who received the lowest score in CD-RISC, were matched in term of their age, employment status and education, and then randomly divided in to two groups of 15 experimental and control. The virtual reality intervention including specific dream creating for each participant, was performed on experimental group, then follow up stage was applied one month later. Data were analyzed using SPSS v24 software and through ANCOVA and MANCOVA.

data analysis indicated that virtual reality (dream creating) has a significant positive effect on increasing the resilience of female elderlies (p<0/001, F= 138/841), in addition the results was stable one month after the intervention.

Therefore this method has an appropriate capability for applying health promotion interventions.