ladan naseh

Following the emergence of population aging phenomenon in the world, “successful aging” as a quality concept has recently attracted the attention of many researchers and policy makers; yet it seems that there is no single and clear definition of it presented in the literature. This study aims to analyze the concept of successful aging.

The study was conducted with Walker and Avant’s 8-step approach. For this purpose, articles meeting the inclusion criteria were selected through searching the SID, Magiran, Noormags, ISI, Pubmed, Scopus and Proquest databases and using the keywords of aging, successful aging and related concepts during the years 2000-2022. Then they were analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman's content analysis method to extract the successful aging concept's applications, characteristics, antecedents and consequences.

The content analysis of 83 selected articles revealed the characteristics of successful aging in the following seven categories: 1) "manageable process", 2) "multi-dimensional and comprehensive", 3) "socio-cultural context-bounded", 4) "enjoyment of physical, psychological and social health", 5) "non-dependence on others", 6) "happiness", and 7) "continuity and active participation in different fields of life".

A comprehensive definition of successful aging was presented using the identified characteristics, antecedents and consequences, which can help to better understand this concept, recognize its various dimensions, and ultimately, plan for its realization.

Burnout syndrome is common among health workers, especially nurses. Among the nurses of different departments, the nurses working in the emergency department are more prone to burnout due to the existence of several factors such as high workload, long shifts, and insufficient human resources. The purpose of this study is to investigate burnout in emergency nurses.

This is a review study by searching for Persian studies using the keywords of job burnout, health care workers, medical staff, health care workers, nurses, emergency, in databases of SID, Civilica, Magiran and using the keywords of burnout, emergency, care provider, health care workers, nurses in PubMed, ISI Web Of Science, Science Direct, Google Scholar databases between January 1, 1990 and December 30, 2022. Of the 761 studies that were found after an extensive search and screening; 44 studies were evaluated and analyzed for data extraction.

The results of these studies indicated that emergency nurses face burnout syndrome more than other nurses. It was also observed that various factors such as age, marital status, workload and working hours have a direct relationship with the job burnout. Also, the results of the studies show the impact of coping strategies, mindfulness and training programs on reducing nurses' burnout.

A significant number of emergency nurses had moderate to high levels of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, along with low levels of personal success. Using coping strategies, mindfulness, meditation, and meditation are suggested ways to control and prevent burnout in emergency department nurses.

Numerous evidences indicate the extensive effects of the Covid-19 crisis on the working conditions of nurses and their job satisfaction. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the job satisfaction of nurses during the covid-19 pandemic.

This study was conducted using a systematic review based on six Cochrane stages. After determining the objectives and questions of the research, the key words "job satisfaction", "work satisfaction", nurse, Covid-19, coronavirus and their Persian equivalents including job satisfaction, nurse, covid-19 and corona in valid databases including Web of science, PubMed, Scopus and electronic journal Science Direct and SID and Magiran were searched using AND, OR and NOT operators in the period of December 2019 to January 2022. Also, the Google Scholar search engine was also checked in order to ensure the extraction of all available related articles. Finally, out of 495 articles included in the screening stage, 22 articles were selected based on the entry and exit criteria for full review and data extraction.

After reviewing the full text of 22 included articles, the findings about "job satisfaction of nurses during the covid-19 pandemic" were summarized in three categories: (1) the level of job satisfaction (2) factors related to job satisfaction and (3) Solutions provided to improve job satisfaction

Job satisfaction of nurses during the pandemic was moderate in most studies and was related to three categories of individual, social and organizational factors. Also, researchers have presented solutions in their studies that can be used to improve the job satisfaction of nurses during this crisis.

social media such as tv and radio, It plays a significant role in presenting a professional and sometimes unprofessional picture of different professions from different angles, dimensions and perspectives in societies. With the unexpected arrival of the covid-19 pandemic, nurses and the nursing profession received more attention from the public media, so this study aimed to compare the nursing image in this social media before and after the covid-19 pandemic.

 This article is a narrative review article. Search articles with the keywords "Nursing Image", "social media" and " Covid-19", through national databases, SID IranMedex, Magiran and Pubmed and International, Scopus, Science Direct, Google Scholar, web of science was conducted between 2000 and 2022. The twenty-eight article was searched based on inclusion and exclusion criteria and the purpose of this study was finalized.

The findings were reviewed in foreign and domestic media before and after corona and showed that before the covid-19 pandemic prevalence, nurses had more stereotypical or propaganda images in terms of appearance, gender and professionalism and were more engaged in non-specialized and physician-dependent tasks with the pandemic prevalence of covid-19 nurses in the media, mostly with the words "hero" and "soldier". And the health advocate was introduced and found a special place.

Covid-19 pandemic caused the media to present a more realistic image of nurses' role in health and disease control to the community and increase awakening and public awareness of the profession and nurses to be seen more prominently than before.

Nurses play an important role in providing health services to the community. Therefore, the curricula in this field are of particular importance and should be continuously revised in line with the educational system and the needs of society. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the MSc curriculum of Iranian Internal Surgery Nursing and The University of Pennsylvania in the United States.

This comparative review was conducted in 1401. First, according to the ranking of nursing faculties of the world, a top university ranking one (Pennsylvania Nursing School) was selected by searching the QS.COM site, and the required information was collected and compared using the 4-step Bereday model.

The findings showed that The Iranian Nursing Program and the Pennsylvania School of Nursing have commonalities and differences. (In Pennsylvania, the method of decentralized admission, with the condition of average and background, and in Iran, merely having a bachelor's degree and participation in the entrance exam of the Ministry of Health), the nature of the field (in Pennsylvania, with an emphasis on the development of clinical decision-making experts according to culture, and in Iran, the development of clinical specialists in the field of disease care). It is international) The content of the courses (in Iran and Pennsylvania, the content of the lessons is largely the same, but varies in the number of units).

Comparing the U.S. and Iran curricula shows that the U.S.-Iran curriculum has similarities in the content of the curriculum and objectives in general. However, in the nature of the field, the mission, prospects, and the way students are accepted are superior to those in Iran.

It is very important to evaluate and revise the curricula to improve their quality and ensure the education of competent students in the future. Also, this action in nursing PhD programs is vital because of its direct connection with the health of society. Therefore, the current study was conducted to compare the curriculum of nursing PhD in Iran and the University of Pittsburgh, USA.

This is a descriptive-comparative study that was conducted based on Bereday's model in 2022. After obtaining the educational programs of Iran and the University of Pittsburgh, the components of them were described and interpreted separately, and then by juxtaposing and classifying the information, were compared with each other, and conclusions were drawn.

The most important strengths of the educational program of the University of Pittsburgh were focusing on the up-to-date areas that are appropriate for the level of a specialized doctorate degree, such as the development of information technology in health management, cooperation with various healthcare institutions in the field of knowledge translation in health sciences, Student admission based on merit selection and not the entrance exam score as a criterion, Satisfied with a few specific and specialized competences and capabilities based on the mission and overall goals of the course, the anticipation of course units related to expected main competencies, including research mentoring, teaching mentoring, responsibilities and activities of scientists. Also, to obtain the defense permit, it is enough to send an article extracted from the thesis to a journal, and it is not mandatory to accept or publish the article.

Some of the most important strengths of the educational program of the University of Pittsburgh as a leading and excellent university were extracted in different sections such as focused areas, student admission requirements, expected competencies, course units, and thesis defense. It is necessary to pay attention to these strengths in the future revisions of Iran's nursing doctoral program.

Psychiatric nursing is a branch of nursing that combines educational learning and applying the principles of human relations and theories of psychiatric nursing to the treatment and care of people of any age who suffer from mental illness and its effects. Comparing Iran's psychiatric nursing program with other countries makes it possible to identify the educational problems and issues of the curriculum as well as the background factors that have played a role in the failure or success of the program in question. And with their help, it is possible to propose suitable solutions to the determined problems. The purpose of the present study is to compare the curriculum of master's psychiatric nursing in Iran and Duke Nursing School in the United States.

This comparative descriptive study was conducted in the year 2022, in which the important indicators of the master's Curriculum of psychiatric nursing of Iran's nursing schools and Duke University were purposefully selected. The adjustment between the two curricula is done using the Beredy method, which includes four steps: description, interpretation, juxtaposition, and comparison.

The comparison of the Master’s of Psychiatric Nursing Curriculum has similarities and differences in both environments. There are differences in the details of the goals, mission, vision, admission method, system, and curriculum arrangement style in the two universities. The admission of a student in the expert section of psychiatric nursing in Iran is normative and centralized. In the USA, admission is followed by a decentralized pattern, and students post selection criteria. In none of the universities, the specific goals of the field have not been defined. The mission of the Iran program is defined at the national level, but the Duke faculty has a cross-border perspective in expressing its mission.

To improve the quality of community mental health and train knowledgeable and skilled psychiatric nurses to increase the quality of service to people with mental disorders and to maintain and promote mental health in society, the psychiatric nursing education program needs to be reviewed and continuously improved in the areas of student acceptance, position definition. The reality and the role of the graduates are to explain the field's specific goals, review the educational methods, and introduce new ones.

Hospitalized patients with substance use disorders are known as one of the biggest challenges in the health system. In this regard, there is strong evidence that nurses face challenges in caring for these patients.

This research was done by systematic review method. Search with keywords comorbidities, Nursing care, Dual diagnosis, Substance-Related Disorders, substance use disorders, substance abuse, drug abuse, multimorbidity, concurrent disorders, co-existing disorders have been performed in electronic databases Sid, magiran, civilica, google scholar and pub med from 1998 to 2022. Articles in English and Persian containing challenges or solutions related to the problems of nursing care of patients with co-morbidities with substance use disorders, qualitative, quantitative, Mixed and review studies, articles with access to their full text were included in the study. Location restrictions were not considered.

The results of 23 studies show that nurses in the nursing care of patients with substance use disorders, in four areas of Emotional (48% Studies), caring (39%), educational (48%) and supportive (43%) with challenges such as feelings of burnout, risk, lack of knowledge, lack of skills and ambiguity of role Etc. are encountered.

According to the results of the study, nurses need additional training and support to care for these patients. Applied training along with at least moderate level of role support and emotional support by improving qualifications, knowledge and skills can be effective in solving the problems related to the care of these patients. The development of guidelines, policies and specific government policies, to care for these patients, can prevent the confusion and inability of nurses to care. In addition, close communication and links between health service providers and experts in the field, promotion of interdisciplinary partnerships and working alliances can be used to solve care challenges and obstacles.

Most of the countries use comparative researches to review and modify the curricula in the face of external developments. The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the similarities and differences between Iran and Case Western Reserve's nursing curriculum in the state of Ohio, USA.

The current comparative descriptive study was conducted in 2022 at the University of Social welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences and, using the model of Bardi comparative studies. The data were analyzed in four stages: description, interpretation, juxtaposition and comparison. According to the mentioned method, the latest version of Iran's nursing bachelor's program (approved in 2013) was obtained from the website of the Ministry of Health and Case Western Reserve University's nursing bachelor's program from the website of that university. Data analysis was done by putting together elements of the programs and comparing their strengths and weaknesses.

Employing clinical nurses as trainers or implementing a perceptorship program, how to enter the field, how to enter the labor market, seminars and problem solving projects, providing courses such as courses based on the needs of society and the population, as well as the role of graduates, expected outcomes. In addition, diversity in general subjects was one of the main differences between the two curricula.

In order to improve writing skills and critical thinking, it is necessary to consider content such as seminars and problem-solving projects, as well as to diversify general courses and considering the characteristics of the population and relevant diseases in Iran, to consider the inclusion of courses that match the conditions. Take Patient-centered care, evidence-based practice, use of technology, and finally knowledge and skills in health policy are important consequences that should be given more attention.

Problem‑solving skills and learner‑centered approaches provide students with the ability to solve health challenges by placing them in simulated situations. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of inter‑professional learning based on problem‑solving on critical thinking (CT) and satisfaction with learning experience in nursing and midwifery students.

This quazi‑experimental study of a single group used pretest–posttest design. 20 undergraduate nursing and 28 midwifery students at the final academic year participated in the study. The research intervention was interprofessional learning based on problem‑solving conducted in five 2‑h training sessions. California’s CT Scale and 10‑point visual analog scale were used to measure CT skills and satisfaction with learning before and after the intervention. Finally, data were analyzed by SPSS software version 23 using descriptive statistics and paired t‑test.

The findings of this study indicated that the mean score of students’ CT before the intervention was poor, while it statistically significant increased after the intervention (P < 0.05). It was also found that students’ satisfaction with learning, in the scale of 0–10, was reported from 5 to 9 indicating students had a high level of satisfaction with their learning experience.

Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the interprofessional education based on problem‑solving has been able to significantly enhance the overall critical skills of students, especially in the dimensions of analysis, inference, and deductive reasoning, and also, students’ satisfaction with learning experience was also increased.

Ostomy has a profound effect on patients' quality of life. Spiritual well-being can improve the quality of life of these people. This study was performed to examine the spiritual well-being and the related medical-demographic factors in ostomates.

This Cross sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted in ostomy patients with simple sampling methodology. Information collected through a questionnaire with two parts: medical- demographic information and Palutzian & Ellison SWB questionnaire .The data was analyzed by descriptive and analytical statistics (ANOVA, independent t-Test, Pearson correlation coefficient test) with using SPSSv17 software.

The majority (61.5%) of the study participants had a moderate level of spiritual health. Mean and standard deviation of spiritual health score was 97.40 ±14.81 (from 120). There was a significant relationship between spiritual health and some medical-demographic variables including age, marital status, educational level, occupation, type of ostomy and duration of ostomy (P <0.05).

The spiritual health of the majority of participants was moderate. Whereas spiritual attitude and well-being are positively correlated with different aspects of quality of life in ostomates; nurses can play an important role in improving the quality of life of these patients by designing and implementing appropriate spiritual care.

With increasing rate of incurable disease and advances in medical technology and therapies in the other in the recent years, facing health care team members with many ethical challenges. One of these challenges is euthanasia. The aim of present study was investigation of specialist’s physician and medical students’ viewpoints about euthanasia.

Present descriptive - cross sectional study performed in Hajar & Kashani teaching health centers in Shahrekord in 2014. 143 (65 specialist physician and 78 medical students) participated in this study. Data were collected with use of demographic form and Euthanasia Attitude Scale (EAS). This scale has 21 item that distributed in four categories include; ethical consideration, practical consideration, treasuring life and naturalistic belief. Data were analyzed with use of SPSS 15.

The mean age of physicians was 43.12±5.32 and The mean of student’s age was 25.56±0.98. The majority of physicians (87.3%) and medical students(62.8%) have negative attitude to euthanasia. There was indirect statistical correlation between students age and attitude to euthanasia (P<0.02; r= - 0/236)and significant difference between students with different religion belief (p<0.001). But there was not significant relationship between demographic parameter and attitude of physicians to euthanasia.

Results of present study showed that majority of physicians and medical students have negative attitude to euthanasia. That seems in line with religion, belief and culture in Iran.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to determine the knowledge and attitude of Isfahan people about prevention of cardiovascular disease.
Cardiovascular disease is the main cause of death and disability in all societies. Lack of knowledge about risk factors of heart disease is associated with unhealthy lifestyle and increasing progression of cardiovascular disease.
This descriptive analytical study was conducted in 2016 on 384 people of Isfahan, located in the centre of Iran. Data was collected by a researcher-made questionnaire with three parts of personal information, awareness and attitude questions about prevention of cardiovascular disease. The data were analyzed in SPSS 16 using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Findings: Participants had good knowledge of the prevention of cardiovascular disease (with the knowledge mean score of 13.11±1.94 of the maximum score 14). Also, people's attitudes towards cardiovascular disease prevention were positive (with the mean score of 30.6±4.05 of maximum score of 40). There was not a statistically significant difference between the score of knowledge in terms of age, sex, marital status and family history of heart disease, but knowledge about prevention of heart disease was associated with the previously received training and educational level. There was not a statistically significant difference between the score of attitude in terms of demographic characteristics.
The knowledge and attitude about prevention of heart disease among Isfahan people was good and associated with the previously received training. So, providing educational programs about risk factors of cardiovascular disease may improve knowledge of and attitude towards heart disease and play an important role in improving lifestyle and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

Elderly people encounter with multiple disabilities, stress, anxiety and challenges, which effect on their quality of life. Self-efficacy may encourage them to improve self-care activities, challenges, life satisfaction and quality of their life.
The aim of this study was to investigate general self-efficacy and the related factors among elderly in residential home
It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. A total of 87 elderly who lives in Charmahal o Bakhtiyari rest-home nursing were recruited by census. The data were collected with General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE-10) and then analyzed using independent t-test, ANOVA and regression test.
The mean score of the general self-efficacy was 22.95±8.02 (from 10 - 40 score) indicating that most of the participants (69%) had low level of self-efficacy (under 25 score). General self-efficacy was associated with age, gender, educational level and satisfaction of rest-home nursing (P0.05). Moreover, general self- efficacy was mostly related with sex (β=-0.541, P=0.0001)
The present study provided useful information about self-efficacy and its related factors among elderly living residential home. This information can be used for designing and performing appropriate nursing interventions to promote elderly general self-efficacy

Objectives Today, aging has become a global phenomenon, and attention to its problems is a social necessity. In this age, self-efficacy is associated with psychological dimensions like loneliness. Considering healthy aging as a right for every human highlights the importance of aging phenomenon, prevention of older people problems, and finally presents a better caring service to this vulnerable group. Also, it made the promotion of self-efficacy level and psychological aspects of older people the purposes of health system authorities of the society. This research aimed to study self-efficacy and loneliness between the older people residing in nursing homes and those who live with their families in Shahrekord, Iran.
Methods & Materials It was cross-sectional study. The samples comprised 100 women and men aged 60 years old and over. The study subjects were recruited by convenience sampling method. Data collection tools were 3-part questionnaire of Sherer self-efficacy and loneliness feeling questionnaire. For data analysis, we used independent t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the Spearman correlation coefficient. The statistical analyses were conducted by SPSS version 16.
Results The results showed that most participants in both groups were women (n=40, 80%). The mean (SD) age of the subjects living with their families was 75.58 (8.22) years and for those living in nursing homes was 77.78 (7.93) years. The mean (SD) score of self-efficacy in the elderly living with their families (51.76 [11.48]) was more than the elderly residing in nursing homes (48.44 [5.26]). Based on the results, self-efficacy had a significant association with employment status and satisfaction with family members (in older adults living with their families). In addition, significant associations were observed between self-efficacy and variables of age, residence place, and satisfaction with nursing home. There was also a significant relationship between loneliness and variables of educational level and satisfaction with nursing home. Our study showed that the degree of loneliness in the elderly people residing in nursing homes is higher (121.36 [11.01]) compared to the elderly living with their families (120.94 [24.25]). Moreover, there was a reverse and significant relationship between all dimensions of loneliness with self-efficacy in older adults living with their families (P=0.001).
Conclusion With regard to the low mean score of self-efficacy of older adults residing in nursing homes, the authorities of nursing homes should pay attention to the needs of older adults and provide general education about promoting the tradition of caring older people by their families. Furthermore, all institutions and organizations that have important goals such as healthy older adults should advance toward their goals by planning, education, and consultation with families that care about their older adults. Finally, with regard to the results about the association of self-efficacy with loneliness, self-efficacy assessment should be considered one of the effective factors in psychological dimensions of the people and a way to support the self-care of older adults because promoting self-efficacy will result in managing stress and improving the mental health.

Reduction of physical and mental strength along with several diseases in aging severely diminishes elder people quality of life. At the meanwhile self-efficacy can improve quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between self-efficacy and quality of life in elderly living in rest homes. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 87 elder people who living in Charmahal Bakhtiari nursing homes were recruited by census. Data were collected by General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE-10) and Short Form Quality of Life (SF-36) and then analyzed using independent t-test, ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and regression analysis by SPSS-PC (v. 15). 69% of participants had low level of general self efficacy (22.95±8.02) also 65.5% of them achieved low score of total quality of life (41.56±18.59). A significant positive association was found between general self-efficacy and physical functioning (r=0.701), Physical role performance (r=0.350), emotional role performance (r=0.354), social functioning (r=0.821), psychological health (r=0.722), energy and vitality (r=0.749), body pain (r=0.783), general health (r=0.597) subscales and also with overall quality of life (r=0.797) (p<0.01). Poor quality of life in elder peoples who live in elderly nursing homes is an important finding that needs special attention. Because of the significant correlation between general self-efficacy and different subscales of elder’s quality of life in this study, it is suggested that nurses design and execute appropriate interventions can promote these peoples’ self-efficacy and quality of life.

Having no adherence to medication regimen in patients suffering from Epilepsy is lead to an increased mortality rate in these patients. The present study evaluated the effect of educational program on drugs self-management in patient with epilepsy. This study was a randomized clinical trial with control group. The samples (n=60) were selected from the neurology clinic of Valiasr hospital in Zanjan. The patients were randomly assigned into the intervention (n=30) and the control (n=30) groups. The intervention group received four educational sessions with the two stages of continuous care model that including epilepsy and self-management plan. All patients completed the epilepsy self-management scale pre intervention and one month post intervention. There was no statistically significant difference in demographic characteristics and drugs self-management scores between two groups. After intervention; there were a Significant statistical difference between the epilepsy drug self-management scores in intervention and control groups (p<0.001) and the intervention group showed an increase in their drug self-management. Nurses can increase the drug self-management of epileptic patients by using the simple and inexpensive technique of group education and thus avoid from many problems of these patients and help to improve their health.

An ostomy and its underlying disease can significantly diminish patient’s quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess quality of life in stoma patients and describe challenges facing these patients. In this descriptive-analytic study, 84 patients with ostomy who reffered to selected educational centers of Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Iranian Ostomy Association (IOA) were selected using a convenience sampling. Data were collected using the City of Hope Quality of Life–Ostomy Questionnaire (COH-QOL). Data was analyzed by SPSS using descriptive and analytical statistics. The mean range of life quality scores for physical (71.5), psychological (6.52.1), social (62) and spiritual (6.62) domains and overall quality of life (6.61.6) was determined. Based on patients responses; the statements of constipation (MSD=9.1 2.1), ability to remember things (MSD=8.4 2.4), having enough privacy at home for doing ostomy care (MSD=9.31.8) and having sense a reason for being alive (MSD=8.22.7) had the highest score in physical, psycological, social and spiritual dimentions of quality of life, respectively. On the other hand, the statements of “Overall physical well-being (MSD=5.93.2), difficulty of adjustment with ostomy (MSD=3.22.8), create distress (MSDSD =1.11.9) from illness in family and meeting needs from group religious activities (MSD=4.84.3) had the lowest scores in these dimentions, respectively. Findings also indicated that there was a significant relationship between overall quality of life and age, financial status, stoma status (permanent or temporary) and stoma duration (P<0.05), While overall quality of life was not associated with gender, marital status, kind and resaon of ostomy (P>0.05). This study provided useful information about quality of life and its related factors in stoma patients, and challenges facing this group as well. Using this information can be helpful to design care training programs for patient and family.