zahra jamshidi

The Kurdish oral chronology of Kermanshah represents one of the oldest manifestations of Kurdish culture and civilization of the people, with its specific stories and rituals closely linked to ancient Iranian myths and religions. The present study employs a descriptive, analytical, and field-based approach to examine the mythological aspects of Kurdish chronology and its associated rituals among the Sanjābi, Kalhor, and Gorān tribes. The finding indicated that Kurdish oral chronology is heavily influenced by fetishism, Mithraism, Zoroastrianism, and shared beliefs in Mesopotamia.  Within this chronology, the year consists of three hundred sixty days and four seasons; however, due to the importance of spring for rural communities, most rituals are specific to this season. Notably, the beginning of spring coincides with the 15th of Bahman in the Jalali calendar.  The ritual of cooking "Pa peg" on the first day of spring is associated with fetishism and Farrah. Additionally, the belief in the mother of the first spring reflects the era of matriarchy; the story of the Kore Seyāy symbolizes the resurrection of the martyred Vegetation god; the tale of Shave Gā Huyl, is connected to Mehri beliefs; and the story of Kale vā, embodies the ongoing struggle between vāye nik and vāye bad.

The structure and spatialization of cities, directly or indirectly, display the identity elements of the people of that city. Since change is the only constant thing in the city, preserving the cultural assets in a city is one of the fundamental challenges of the contemporary world; The identity of the people is based on the cultural assets left over from the past, and finding a middle way for the sustainable development of cities, along with preserving the identity indicators, has been the constant concern of researchers in this field. Among the social and cultural capitals of Iran is the personality of Imam Reza (AS), whose trip to Iran, as the greatest religious event in the history of Iran, has provided Iranians with a treasure of narratives; each of which, in addition to being considered as a cultural capital, have the ability to become a symbolic capital and create added value. The current research, using the descriptive-analytical method and using documentary and library sources, seeks to explain how it is possible to create symbolic capital in urban and rural spaces by using these cultural capitals and base the urban identity on this great social and cultural origin. It is possible to build a resilient identity and sustainable development of cities by relying on the capital capacity symbolized by the narratives surrounding Imam Reza (AS); A major part of this sustainable development can rely on religious tourism.

People's view of death and its special rites and ceremonies in different cultures reveal many intellectual and cultural infrastructures of different peoples, which can be studied and analyzed from different perspectives. One of these viewpoints is the mythological analysis of various rituals related to death from the moment of death to burial and after burial in various cultures and ethnic groups. In this essay, the author has investigated and analyzed the mythology of four post-burial rituals in Kermanshah province using descriptive-analytical method as well asfield study. Since holding rituals among nomads and villagers is more serious than urban residents, the main focus in the interviews was on the nomads and tribes of Kermanshah, including the Sanjābi tribe. The studied rituals are: breaking a jar or pottery at dawn on the first day after burial, planting a tree, especially a cypress, on the grave of the deceased, asking for a good look from the deceased by offering sacrifice, and holding a Nū Ayd ceremony. The result of the research shows that the roots of these rituals are linked to mythological thoughts in ancient Iran. The ritual of breaking a jar or pottery is related to the magic of transferring evil and destruction, Planting a tree on a grave, in connection with the mythological thoughts about trees, is a ritual seeking a good look and concern for the deceased's emotions with the belief in forohers and its ceremonies, and the ritual of Nū Ayd is a repetition of the Zoroastrian Nowruz porseh.

Popular beliefs in Kermanshah province, especially among the Kurds living in this province, are special, untouched and related to mythological thoughts. In this essay, the author has investigated and analyzed the marriage rituals in the Sanjabi, Kalhor and Goran. Among the many marriage rituals in the mentioned clans, courtship rituals, holding a wedding on a odd day, the presence of a woman named Pākahsūr, the bride's red dress and bread and salt with her, the magic of the knot, the presence of male elements in the symbolic affairs of the wedding, dance and music . According to the research, matchmaking in the mentioned clans is mostly in the form of the girl's family leading the way, which is reminiscent of marriage in matrilineal periods. The woman who is referred to as Pākahsūr has the key role of the goddess Ašī. Holding weddings on odd days of week is related to sacredness of one, three and seven in mythology. The red color of the wedding dress has mythological meaning and shows life, and bread and salt with her is related to the concept of Farrah. The magic of the knot, which is more commonly referred to as tying the groom, is a kind of imitative magic, and the strong role of male elements in the wedding is in connection with fire and the symbolic concept of the stove. The Kurdish music and dance (Halaparkī) is basically a repetition of the rituals of honoring the land and related to the agricultural era.

Baicalin and baicalein are natural flavonoids reported for the first time from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Recently, attention has been paid to these valuable flavonoids due to their promising effects. This paper aims to have a comprehensive review of their pharmacological effects.

An extensive search through scientific databases including Scopus, PubMed, and ISI Web of Science was established.

According to literature, these compounds have been mainly effective in the treatment of neurological and neurodegenerative diseases, hepatic and cardiovascular disorders, metabolic syndrome, and cancers through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pathways. Induction of apoptosis and autophagy, and inhibition of migration and metastasis are the main mechanisms for their cytotoxic and antitumor activities. Decreasing inflammation, reducing oxidative stress, regulating the metabolism of lipids, and decreasing fibrosis, apoptosis, and steatosis are their main hepatoprotective mechanisms. Inhibiting the development of cardiac fibrosis and reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis are also the mechanisms suggested for cardioprotective activities. Decreasing the accumulation of inflammatory mediators and improving cognitive function and depressive-like behaviours are the main mechanisms for neurological and neurodegenerative activities.

The findings suggest the therapeutic potential of baicalin and baicalein. However, complementary research in different in vitro and in vivo models to investigate their mechanisms of action as well as clinical trials to evaluate their efficacy and safety are suggested.

Irony, as a literary element, brings to mind two external and internal meanings and leaves the reader'sIrony, as a literary element, brings to mind two external and internal meanings and leaves the reader's understanding in suspense and postpones his reception. From the point of view of aesthetics, because it creates images, it creates artistic beauty; Therefore, irony has a special place in literature, and poets have taken advantage of it in order to avoid direct and explicit expression, and they have presented their intention and objectivity in the form of this expression. Non-verbal communication and body language is also one of the manifestations of normal and everyday language, which is considered a helpful element; This means that non-verbal behavior can be used along with verbal communication, and with its help, one can convey one's intention to the audience better, more accurately and sometimes more effectively.Various reasons can be listed for the great influence of irony in words, one of which is the close connection of irony with non-verbal behaviors and the semantic connection and conceptual dependence of these two categories. In the present essay, the author investigated the ironies derived from the concept of non-verbal behaviors with a descriptive-analytical method and a case study of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh and came to the conclusion that a large part of the ironies was adapted from the concept of non-verbal behaviors and there are comprehensible semantic relationships between these two categories and understanding the semantic relationship between these two categories of literature and language leads to the discovery of a subtle relationship between literary language and ordinary language. Movement behaviors, facial behaviors, environment and physical appearance are respectively the most frequent behaviors from which allusions in the Shahnameh have been received.

The present research is trying to investigate Kurdish awakening lullabies of Hažār and Molla Avareh, two of the militant poets during the Pahlavi regime (problem). This article deals with the political analysis of the awakening lullabies of Hažār and Molla Avareh with the descriptive-analytical method and the use of library sources (method). According to the research, it’s clear that in Kurdish literature, lullaby was one of the tools through which freedom-loving poets conveyed the spirit of standing against Pahlavi rule to children. The structure of the studied lullabies is the same and has a fighting function. Both poets begin the lullabies with an emotional expression in the form of caressing the child and the mother's patience against the child's cries; Then, with a symbolic expression, they introduced the child's cries as a prelude to the pains and cries of adults, and compared the bandages to the chains of the Pahlavi regime. Then, the poets express the grief caused by the rampage of the Pahlavi regime with a realistic expression, and after that, with an epic language, they mention the lineage and honor of the Iranians and the Kurdish people and encourage the child to struggle and persevere. Finally, poets introduce the acquisition of knowledge and pen struggle as one of the ways to attack tyranny and ask the child to always be diligent in acquiring knowledge (findings).

Critical infrastructures form the foundation and framework of any society, on which the daily activities of societies depend. The operation of these infrastructures is not separate and unique, but they interact with other components and infrastructures of the society. If the performance of one of these infrastructures is disrupted due to natural or man-made threats, in addition to disrupting the continued functioning of that infrastructure, it can also affect the performance of other infrastructures, which leads to disruption of the whole society. To evaluate the resilience of any infrastructure, it is necessary to determine the assets and threats of each infrastructure sector and identify the effective components in the resilience of that infrastructure and then evaluate the resilience of that infrastructure. Gives a weighted pattern using the ANP method To eliminate the ineffective components and to examine the internal relations between the components, the Delphi method and a questionnaire were used. Finally, the components were weighed using the ANP method and Super Decisions software. It should be noted that the underlying threats in this study were determined and examined using the Delphi method and interviews with threat experts. For the first time, the effective components in the resuscitation of road arteries in war crises and man-made attacks were studied and presented in the form of a practical model.

Abstract
Popular culture and beliefs are an essential part of the civilization of nations and due to their oral nature, they have continued to live and be dynamic over the centuries, being transferred from one generation to another. Popular culture and beliefs, which have long-standing and ancient roots, are closely related to various cultural manifestations such as myths, epics, and language. In the present research whose purpose was to identify the roots of oath rituals in the public culture of Kermanshah, the author has investigated and analyzed the relation between the common religious and astronomical beliefs of the tribes of Kermanshah (with a focus on Sanjābī, Kalhor and Gūran clans) and mythology, using analytical and field methods. According to the results, respecting the sky and swearing to it, believing in the judgment of the sun and praying to it, swearing by the times of the sun and the moon and the Haftgām oath are the main astrological beliefs in the tribes studied, and these beliefs are rooted in Iran’s mythological beliefs and also Zarvanism, Mehriism and Zoroastrianism. It should be mentioned that Mesopotamian beliefs also influenced the formation of many of these beliefs, and the influence of Islamic beliefs is also evident in later periods.

Proper prison management and respect and guarantee of human rights are among the fundamental rights of prisoners. This issue has caused the country's policymakers to use humanistic approaches in high-level documents to determine a Policy for legislation, including the general judicial policies approved in 1381 the general five-year judicial policies approved in 1388 the general policies of the sixth development plan approved in 1391. Supreme Leader and the document of judicial transformation in the second step of the revolution approved in 2019 Measures such as decriminalization of criminal titles, reduction of punishments, especially prison sentences, transfer of some judicial cases to quasi-judicial In the framework of these documents, measures such as decriminalization of criminal titles, reduction of punishments, especially prison sentences, appropriate use of quasi-judicial institutions, reform and management of prisons and prisoners have been adopted in order to reduce the number of the criminal population in the light of their application. Therefore, in order to implement these inclusive policies and policies, and considering the challenges facing the prison, in this research, visiting the Evin and women's prisons in Tehran, as well as participating in the planning meetings of the prisons organization, as well as cooperating in the design of the current situation review and The desirability of the central prison of Gilan (Lakan) was identified, it is necessary that the organization of prisons and security and educational measures of the country prepare and compile a training program for managers and employees of the country's prisons.

Sea cucumber has antibacterial, fungal, anti-viral, and anti-cancer compounds that can be used for medicinal purposes. This research investigates the effect of gold nanoparticles and sea cucumber alcoholic extract on liver cancer cells.

Sea cucumber samples were collected from the tidal zone of Owli village, Dayyer county, Bushehr City, southern Iran. Initial identification was done by extracting spicules using the FAO identification key. The anticancer effects of the prepared alcoholic extract (10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 µg/mL) and gold nanoparticles (0.5, 2, 4, 8, 10, 16 nM) were studied on the liver cancer cell line (Hep-G2) using the MTT assay, 24, 48 and 72 hours after exposure. Statistical analyses were performed in SPSS software, version 21.

The best effect of sea cucumber alcoholic extract and gold nanoparticles on the Hep-G2 was seen 72 hours after exposure. The highest cytotoxic effect of sea cucumber alcoholic extract on the cell line was seen at a dose of 100 μg/mL with 89.2% growth inhibition. The highest cytotoxic effect of gold nanoparticles was seen at a dose of 16 nM with 87.3% growth inhibition. The 100-μg/mL alcoholic extract and 16-nM nanoparticles together showed 95.4% growth inhibition.

Due to the significant cytotoxic effect of sea cucumber alcoholic extract and gold nanoparticles on liver cancer cells, these compounds can be used as suitable candidates for producing anti-cancer drugs.

Zarathustra's letter is one of the works of the seventh century AH that deals with the life of Zarathustra and the events before and after his birth. This poem refers to the conspiracies of Zarathustra's enemies to destroy him as a child and the role of his mother in protecting him. In this article, the author intends to study the role of feminine elements in the life of Zoroaster based on the text of the Zoroastrian letter through a descriptive-analytical method. With a little attention to these events, we find that in addition to the mother of Zarathustra, many female elements and animals also play a protective and protective role in the fate of Zarathustra. These include cattle, mares, wolves, ewes, and the role of water (crossing water and drowning in the Wa Daiti River). The active role of Zarathustra's mother and animals and female elements in Zarathustra's care and protection from dangers, in addition to the Zoroastrian system has been repeated in many other Zoroastrian works, which can be related to the symbolic meaning of these feminine forces with the meaning of blessing. Given that Indo-European tribes are patriarchal and patriarchal tribes, the role of female elements in the fate of Zoroaster, can be a remnant of the penetration of Iranians before the arrival of the Aryans in Iran, which have been evidenced by the history of patriarchal and female tribes. The active position of women in this system shows a deep and deep-rooted cultural belief that dates back to the millennia before the arrival of the Aryans in Iran.   

Increasing the prevalence of epidemics and epidemiology, as well as the emergence of health threats, can be controlled at preventive levels by using nurses' abilities to promote the health of individuals, families, groups, and populations in the social realm it seems necessary.

A literary search between 2010- 2019 was carried out, and four international databases PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Google Scholar, and two Iranian databases SID and MagIran were examined. More than 80 articles were reviewed on the topic, of which 15 were selected.

Surveys showed that the significant challenges related to the position of nurses in promoting community health include factors related to the structure and policies of the health system, how to allocate funds, the structure of nursing education, and the lack of transparency in the concept of community health nurse role.

The results of the present study showed that although nurses' challenges in promoting community health are widespread and overwhelming, these barriers and problems can be related to the challenges extracted from this study. Therefore, addressing these challenges can undermine the provision of nursing care in the social field by re-examining the structure of the health system from a pure treatment approach to providing preventive care and changing the process of employing nurses, reviewing their learning needs in terms of people's health needs and trying to improve the position of community health nurse status, can address many of these challenges in the way of promoting people's health.

Morphine is one of the most powerful analgesic substances that is widely used in the clinic. This substance increases nitric oxide (NO) levels and blood flow to the ovary and ruptures the follicle wall. Damaged tissue can be repaired under the influence of epidermal growth factor (EGF). This study aimed to investigate the effect of short-term administration of morphine on the intensity of EGF receptor (EGFR) and iron deposition in ovarian tissue in Wistar rats.
In this study, 16 female Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups. The control group (n=8) received 1 ml/kg of saline twice, once a day intraperitoneally (i.p.). The experimental group received 5 mg/kg morphine sulfate (i.p.) once a day for two consecutive days. 24 hours after the last injection, rats were anesthetized with ketamine and xylazine, and the ovaries and uterus were isolated for histological study. Iron deposition was investigated with the help of potassium ferricyanide staining and EGF receptor (EGFR) density was determined by immunohistochemistry method.
Hemochromatosis in the form of blue iron deposits was shown significantly in the group receiving morphine as compared to the control group. Also, a higher concentration of EGFR was observed in the group treated with morphine than in the control group, which indicates the involvement of EGF in ovarian hyperemia.
Short-term use of morphine can cause hemochromatosis as a result of iron deposition in the ovary which is associated with hyperemia due to high NO levels induced by EGF.

Studies have shown that polycystic ovary (PCO) may be induced by morphine and CA1 may be damaged by PCO-related oxidative stress but can be protected by a potent GABAB receptor agonist. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the protective effect of baclofen against oxidative stress in the dorsal hippocampus (DH) of morphine-treated rats with ovarian cysts.

 In total, 66 female Wistar rats were selected and randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The control group received saline (1 ml/kg, intraperitoneally [i.p.], once a day). Experimental groups were treated with morphine (5 mg/kg, i.p.), baclofen alone (10-30 mg/kg, i.p.), and baclofen (10, 20, 30 mg/kg, i.p.) before morphine (5 mg/kg, i.p.), once daily. One group received morphine (0.4 µg/rat) once in the ventromedial hypothalamus, and the last ovariectomized group was administered morphine (5 mg/kg, i.p.) after recovery. Then blood and hippocampus samples were prepared. Moreover, the levels of oxidative stress factors (GPX, MDA, SOD, and CAT), and the intensity of estrogen and glucocorticoid receptors in DH were evaluated. Ovaries and the uterus were also examined biometrically.

In the morphine-treated groups, regardless of the injection method, the development of follicles was rare, compared to the control group, instead, thick-walled follicular cysts were abundant. However, in the groups that received baclofen alone or baclofen together with morphine, the number of cysts decreased and the number of mature follicles increased significantly. Oxidative agents showed high levels in the DH of the morphine-treated group, which correlated with low estrogen receptors in DH. However, baclofen pretreatment improved these conditions. Besides, glucocorticoid receptors in DH did not show significant differences in different groups, and necrosis in the CA1 area was not observed either in the morphine-receiving group or in the other groups. The uterus did not show significant changes in any group.

Prophylactic use of baclofen can protect against morphine side effects.

Kalila and Dimnah is one of the common literary and cultural works of India and Iran and many of its contents were written based on the Aryan thought of these two peoples. In the present article, the issue of social stratification in the chapters “The Lion and the Bull” and “Investigation of the Conduct of Dimnah” has been analyzed with a mytho-sociological approach and with a descriptive-analytical method. The mytho-sociological analysis is a method that can reveal the mythological roots of some sociological concepts. The ideas of Georges Dumézil show that classification among Indo-European peoples was one of the main structures of creating social order. Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore also hold such beliefs in their sociological studies. The analysis of the aforementioned chapters of Kalila and Dimnah with these two mythological and sociological theories shows that the structure of the story of “The Lion and the Bull” is consistent with the class structure of Indo-European societies; a class structure that does not tolerate class mobility in any way and as it is clear in the “Investigation of the Conduct of Dimnah” chapter, those who engage in class mobility will have no end but destitution and destruction. In the studied chapters, Dimnah is the agent of failed class mobility, Kalila is the defender and acceptor of stratification as an undeniable reality; and the lion, lion’s mother, and the panther, who belong to the elite class, are the protectors and maintainers of stratification as a regulatory structure. The stratification in these chapters is another form of the mythical tripartite functions of Indo-European societies, which itself has become the cause of the formation of social classes in these societies.

The issue of Divine Names and Attributes and the human temperament is one of the most fundamental topics of Islamic philosophy and mysticism. Ṣadrā has discussed the Attributes of the Lord in the descending and ascending arcs of the circle of being and has mentioned the temperament as “manner” or “secondary nature”. This research, using a descriptive-analytical method, aims to investigate the view of the transcendent philosophy about the effect of the Divine Names on the human temperament. The findings of the research show that according to Mullā Ṣadrā, humans have the same nature but different temperaments, which are also referred to as primary and secondary nature. The primary nature is the manifestation of the Name of Mercy according to which all human beings are created. The human heart is between the two Names of “the Guider” and “the Misguider”, which according to its nature and talent, and with its voluntary actions, it can become a manifestation of either of them. On the one hand, God’s Names play a key role in the formation of the human temperament and have a significant impact on his happiness or misfortune, and on the other hand, this causal impact in the descending arc does not prevent man’s free will to existentially actualize and manifest the Names. Also, decree and destiny find a mystical explanation in this issue.

Ashi is one of the most significant mythological goddesses in Iran.  In texts such as Avesta, Yasht, and Yasnas she is associated with different attributes namely, granting fortunes to Iranians ( association with wealth and blessing), helping friends, bringing horse and blessings from foreign lands to Iranians, connection with women and their influence over them.  Since Shahnameh has a mythological substructure one can witness the reflection of functions and the characteristics of the mythological figures in certain characters of Shahnameh tales.  A fine example is the impact of Ashi’s functions on the  performance of influential and outstanding women in Shahnameh.  Using the descriptive analytic method this study is an attempt to compare the deeds of women such as Faranak, Farangis, Jarireh, Homay Chehrazad, Rumi Kanizak, and Pourandokht with the outstanding characteristic features of the goddess Ashi.  The results obtained show that their deeds are the repetition of Ashi’s actions and missions.  In fact these women are the repetition of the mythological image of Ashi in the Shahnameh text.  Reflection upon the characteristics of the above mentioned women reveal that among the different deeds of Ashi, confering fortune and blessing are the main attributes reaching these women, and more often these rewards are in conncection with kingdom or coming into power of a king or a warrior.

Buried pipelines, which are used to distribute water, gas, oil, etc., are considered as one of the important arteries. Experiences from past wars confirm that the attacking country devotes its attention to bombing and destroying vital and sensitive centers. Gas pipelines, as one of the important transmission arteries during war, can cause a lot of human and financial losses if damaged. In this article, the degree of vulnerability of buried city gas steel pipes due to explosion has been determined and the methods of reducing the vulnerability of pipelines have been investigated. For this purpose, while preparing a three-dimensional model of the pipe-soil system in ABAQUS software, to study the effect of effective factors on pipe behavior, including pipe diameter, diameter-to-thickness ratio, soil internal friction angle, soil type, explosives consumption, pipe burial depth, distance Blasting up to the pipe burial site, the deformation capacity of the pipe has been investigated according to the ALA regulations. Soil was modeled using 3D Solid elements and pipe with Shell element. For parametric studies, analyzes were performed using the finite element method. Studies for diameters of 4 and 12 inches, ratio of diameter to thickness of 26, 21 and 35, burial depth of 1, 2, 3 and 4 meters, the amount of explosion charge of 15, 30, 45, 60 and 200 kg of TNT and for hard sandy soil, Softening was done. The results showed that proper burial depth has the most effect in order to reduce the vulnerability of pipelines against explosive threats. By increasing the thickness of the pipe and increasing the diameter and using soft sandy soil around the pipe, a better behavior of the pipe during the explosion was observed.

The present study seeks to investigate the components of Islamic awakening in the constitutional era in one of the Razavi poems of Bahar (issue). This article tries to explain the position of Razavi odes (by case study of Razavi ode Bahar) in the Islamic awakening of the constitutional era by using descriptive-analytical method and using library resources (method). The result of the research indicates that Bahar is one committed poets of constitutional era who has benefited a lot from the concepts of stability in the Islamic awakening of the constitutional era in poems. One of important poems of Bahar is a Razavi poem with the knowledge of "the smell of the blood of the wind from Tus towards Yathrib", in which the components of stability and awakening are very wide. This poem includes the elements of exposing oppression and the identity of the oppressor, expressing the oppression of the people, adhering to the Prophet and Imam Reza, praising freedom and libertarians, denying foreign colonialism and internal oppression, trying to make people aware and paying attention to leaders and libertarians. By using religious elements in this poem, Bahar informs the public about the crimes of colonialism and tyranny in its time, and in the strict sense of the word, seeks to realize the Islamic awakening in the constitutional era (Results).

Hypothyroidism among patients with endocrine glands is the most common disease after diabetes. In hypothyroidism, the secretion of the hormone that regulates the metabolism is reduced. This study aimed to investigate the effect of hydro-alcoholic ginger extract as the drug to increase the metabolism on the amount of glucose in normal and hypothyroidism rats.

To perform this test, 60 male Wistar rats were divided into six groups, and the control group did not receive any material. The controls received 0.1 mL of saline solution for 24 days. The experimental group 1 received 60 mg/kg of methimazole for 24 days. The experimental group 2 received ginger hydroalcoholic extracts of 400 mg/kg, experimental groups 3 and 4 received methimazole 60 mg/kg and simultaneously ginger hydroalcoholic extract with doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg for 24 days, respectively. Moreover, 48 h after the first injection, anesthesia was performed using ether, and the blood sample of their heart was collected. The amount of glucose was measured by an autoanalyzer machine. The collected data was analyzed in SPSS software using ANOVA.

There was a significant increase in the amount of glucose in the blood sample of experimental group 1, compared to the control group. A significant decrease was observed in groups 3 and 4 after using hydro-alcoholic ginger extract.

Based on the results, it can be predicted that using ginger can decrease the amount of glucose in the blood of patients with hypothyroidism.

COVID-19 is an infectious disease that started at the end of 2019 in China then became pandemic worldwide. A number of crystal structures of coronavirus proteins are available in the Protein Data Bank. In this paper, we reported results from the virtual screening of databases including 2701 FDA approved drugs against five known coronavirus protein targets. Our results showed a wide range of scores for different drugs of which some were predicted to be active against one or some of the proteins. Among all of the compounds with higher scores, tannic acid and cobicistat showed to be active against four and two of the studied proteins respectively. Tannic acid which was reported to be an antiviral and potent inhibitor of hepatitis C virus activity and cobicistat with anti- HIV activity, might be useful for the cure of COVID-19. According to the results, we suggest more studies on these valuable potential drugs.

Optimizing care processes, especially in the emergency trauma departments, is considered an important issue in health care systems. Moreover, exploring strategies with the participation of stakeholders can significantly affect patient outcomes.

This study was conducted to identify, prioritize and optimize care strategies for trauma and emergency patients in Shiraz, in 2019.

Data using semi-structured interviews, Focus Group Discussions, and executive meetings with managers were collected, and the prioritization matrix was used to optimize strategies. Sampling was done purposefully until data saturation. The collected data were analyzed using qualitative inductive content analysis.

26 necessary corrective and preventive strategies were mentioned. After analyzing the data, various strategies such as rectifying managerial issues of the emergency system, specialized trauma nursing care, enhancing trauma emergency response preparedness, and adoption of a team approach were proposed.

The exploration of care strategies using employee participation provides to facilitate the development of care processes, especially in complex spaces such as trauma emergency wards. Therefore, the healthcare authorities such as nurse managers should pay special attention to these strategies. Moreover, nurses should provide more effective care in the trauma emergency departments based on the appropriate and applicable strategies.

The richest of Persian epic poems can be found in fourth, fifth and the beginning of sixth century. The reason to this lies within the dominant political and social atmosphere in the society. This glorious era starts with prose shahnamehs and ends with works such as Borzu nama and Shahriyarnameh. One of the best ways to more meaningful recognition of epic works is to pay attention to the criteria through which a work can be considered as epic. However, not every epic work can be named as national. 
Researchers have mentioned numerous criteria to recognize epic works. Provided that a number of these criteria are found, the work can be recognized as epic. Nevertheless, if many of the criteria are found in a work, it can be recognized as a true and unique piece of work that is based on legendary infrastructures. The most prominence of a national epic work is nationalism and possession of national goals, concerns and heroes. This study has been done via a descriptive-analytical approach and the results show that the only national epic work that is thoroughly worth recognition is Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh. Other epics of the same era are considered as natural since they have not regarded nationalism extensively. It is said that several of such works are as a part of Shahnameh through which reading them can reflect only a continuation of a single story of Shahnameh.