فهرست مطالب اباصلت خراسانی

Determining the educational needs of nurses related to the blood transfusion process can lead to the improvement of knowledge and skills, the improvement of the quality of services provided, and higher performance. This study was conducted with the purpose of determining the educational needs of nurses related to the blood transfusion process. The statistical population of this study was expert nurses working in hospitals all over the country, and the sampling of this statistical population were selected based on the combination of classification, criteria-based and random methods. The tool of the present research was a researcher-made questionnaire, which was a combination of two standard methods of skill and DICOM. Among the nurses selected by the hospitals after the interview, a group was selected purposefully. Training sessions were held for the selected nurses in the blood transfusion organization to complete the tool. By using the work tool, the titles of general tasks, subtasks and prioritization of sub-tasks were determined. Then the required knowledge, skills and attitudes in the field of competencies, educational content and behavioral goals were specified. Finally, the training courses related to the tasks and activities were determined. Blood transfusion experts reviewed the collected information. The information matched with o*net website after being summarized for validation by focus groups that included selected expert nurses and blood transfusion specialists, and the final approval was made. The obtained results included 7 main tasks and 42 sub-tasks, also the prioritization of sub-tasks, levels and scope of competence for each task were determined. And finally, 10 educational course titles were extracted for designing educational courses.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of implementing a curriculum for the development of effective teacher careers in the Iranian educational system.research This research is applied in terms of type and qualitative research method (grounded theory) and it was done in 2021. The statistical population includes experts and practitioners in the field of professional development of teachers, whose method of selection was targeted by the type of snowball. To select the participants in the research, two criteria of scientific expertise and practical experience in the field of teacher education were determined. Data collection was done through semi-structured interviews. After 21 interviews, the categories were repetitive and theoretically saturated. The research data was analyzed and categorized through an encryption process based on the Glaser design of data theory. Lincoln and Guba approaches were used, including: acceptability, transferability, reliability and verifiability. The results were formed in the form of a conceptual model as follows: Needs (realization of educational system, updating of teacher capabilities, complex and flexible role of teacher, reform, teacher growth and student improvement), Effective factors (personal and environmental), barriers (importance and priority, quantity, quality and time) and outcomes (teachers, programs and students). If the professional development curriculum for teachers is designed and implemented effectively, it will update the capabilities of teachers and their individual and collective growth, which will lead to the improvement of students' learning and ultimately the realization of the goals of the educational system.

The study purpose was to validate the video resume based on the estimation of the reliability of the evaluators 'score when assessing the students' competencies in the video resume. The statistical universe of this study was the graduate students Department of Counseling, Faculty of Psychology, Shahid Beheshti University in 1398, were among those targeted 30 randomly selected to provide a video resume. The measurement tool used in this study was a researcher-made questionnaire with three questions with a descriptive graphic rating scale in seven levels, the content validity of which was estimated to be 0.82. The data were analyzed based on the generalizability theory, which is based on a two-dimensional cross-component design. the results showed that the measurement object and the interaction of the evaluators' component were to measure the largest share and 67 percent of the observed variance is related to the actual variance and in addition on these scores, the generalizability and reliability coefficients are above 0.7, which are acceptable. The findings of this study are applied in assessment centers, job seekers selection and student selection in the stages of assessment, recruitment and selection for job position and education.

In our country we face the fact that many faculty members of the universities have not received formal teacher training but they teach and this has been one major concerns in the field of education. On the other hand, many courses that are held in person or virtual with the purpose of training teaching to the professors do not serve the expected effectiveness. Hence, this study was conducted with the aim of examining the effectiveness of an electronic off-line course for development of faculty members which was held in one of the high-rank universities of Iran. This course titled "Teaching Competencies in the Virtual Classroom" was designed and implemented in order to improve the competencies of the professors in the three fields of teaching, assessment and electronic content development in the virtual classroom. The current research design was quantitative and the research strategy was a quasi-experiment of the pre-test and post-test type. The participants of this course were 33 university faculty members who completed the course in 5 weeks. In order to collect data, several self-report questionnaires were used, which were designed based on the level one and two components of Kirkpatrick's model. The results of the research showed that the reaction of the participants (satisfaction, involvement and relationship with the job) was positive towards the course and also this course had a significant effect on the perceived knowledge and skills of the participants. However, in the dimension of attitude, it had a negative effect on the attitude of the participants towards teaching. In addition, the self-confidence and commitment of the participants did not show any significant changes. These results have been discussed in relation to the eight pedagogical and andragogical features of the course, and the reasons this course has not been able to have the expected effects on the attitude, self-confidence and commitment of the professors has also been discussed. Also, the effects and application of these findings in both theoretical and practical fields are presented.

This research was conducted with the aim of identifying and presenting the performance management model in universities and public higher education institutions of the country.

The method of conducting the current research is exploratory, and in terms of approach, it is mixed (quantitative-qualitative), it is considered mixed research. At the beginning of the work, in the qualitative part based on conducting semi-structured exploratory interviews with experts, dimensions and components were identified, and in the quantitative part, data was collected using a questionnaire. The participants in the qualitative part included 15 experts in the field of academic management and faculty members who were selected using a non-probability sampling method. In the quantitative part, the statistical population included managers and faculty members of higher education universities affiliated with the Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology, including 141 universities, which were sampled using the multi-stage cluster sampling method to determine the sample size from the table Morgan was used and 338 people were obtained. Due to the two parts of the research (qualitative and quantitative), the validity and reliability of the research tools were also discussed in two parts, so in the qualitative part, capability criteria (Goba and Lincoln, 2000) were used to measure the validity of qualitative data. From the point of view of validity, transferability, reliability, and verifiability, it was approved. Also, to calculate the reliability in this section, 5 interviews were selected as a sample and then each of them was re-conducted and coded at a specific time interval, Then the specified codes were compared with each other at the time intervals. The test-retest reliability of the conducted interviews was calculated to be 0.86, which shows the reliability of coding. In the quantitative part, content validity methods, convergent validity, and divergent validity tests were used to measure validity, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to measure reliability. Also, the method of data analysis in the qualitative part, using the theme analysis method, and in the quantitative part, the information in the questionnaires was coded and analyzed using statistical software Spss and Smart PLS, in two descriptive and inferential parts. In addition, the level of significance in all research hypotheses (0.5) has been considered.

The findings obtained from qualitative data analysis showed that the performance management model of universities and higher education institutions in the individual dimension has (3 main dimensions and 6 secondary dimensions) the job dimension has (2 main dimensions and 5 sub-dimensions) and organizational dimension with (2 main dimensions and 8 sub-dimensions) can explain performance management dimensions in universities and higher education institutions well. Besides, based on the quantitative results, among the 3 basic themes (independent variable) of the research model, the impact of the organizational dimension on individual performance has the highest variance of 0.729, followed by the job dimension on the individual with a variance of 0.571.

Studying lived experiences of teachers for identifying challenges and problems of qualitative description evaluation of Primary School Course of Study at Corona Virus Crisis Era.

This is a qualitative-descriptive & phenomenological study. In this research 16 male and female teachers of primary course of study who were teaching at Karaj County in the Educational Year 2021-2022 were interviewed by the semi-structured interview method. The respondents were selected purposefully. The data were analyzed via 7-Stage Strategy of Colaizzi .

Analysis of the teachers’ interviews resulted in 3 general implications: 1- Problems of Qualitative-Descriptive Evaluation , and related elements in  the curriculums 2- Problems of Qualitative-Descriptive Evaluation and contradictory understanding of the beneficiaries 3- Problems of Qualitative-Descriptive Evaluation in Tools & Execution Phase.

. Analysis of the interviews with the teachers showed that in the era of corona virus crisis and on-line education, they were facing variety of challenges in materialization of principles and objectives of the qualitative descriptive evaluation. The most important of which was reduction of quality of evaluation of the contents learned by the students due to limited possibility of receiving feedbacks and low literacy of the students in basic skills.

analyze the policy system of higher education in the country.

, qualitative methodology and specifically qualitative content analysis method with inductive approach was used. Based on this, in order to identify the harms using the purposeful sampling method and based on the rule of theoretical saturation with 15 experts in this field who were a combination of experts, researchers, current and former officials in higher education policy making, in-depth semi-structured interviews. It was structured. To ensure the validity of the research, measures have been taken in two stages: matching by members, and peer review, in which several experts and experts in this field have reviewed the findings.

The findings of the research showed that the targeting and missions of higher education and its relationship with other policies of the country's executive bodies are not clear, structural, legal and institutional mapping weaknesses in higher education policymaking, the use of policymaking science is neglected, and little attention is paid to the cycle of the policymaking process. From policy formulation to supervision, managerial instability and lack of long-term strategic view in higher education policymaking system, lack of attention to technical and financial prerequisites in higher education policymaking, and lack of attention to integrated information systems and lack of explanation are the most important harms.

Iran's higher education policy-making system cannot be viewed as one-dimensional, and all components of this system must play their role correctly, like the parts of a clock, in order to formulate desirable and efficient policies.

This study with the aim of investigating the professional ethics component of managers of the national Iranian oil company based on the global ranking model. In terms of methodology, is applied research and based on the nature of the method, it is descriptive and in the category of survey research. The statistical population included 440 people, 242 people were selected based on Cochran's formula, and due to spread of corona, and 156 complete questionnaires were returned. The validity of the tool was confirmed with the supervision of 8 experts. Based in Cronbach's alpha, the reliability coefficient of questionnaire was estimated at 91%. The results of the analysis showed that social responsibility, creating peace in the work environment and strengthening and expanding the observance of ethical standards, have the highest mean and the items of attentions to the environment; conflict recognitions skills, conflict and adherence to tax laws, budgeting, Regulations and budget law had the lowest average.

Scientometric research, with its capacity to evaluate scientific research and use multiple indicators to explain the potentials and the scientific and technological performance in various dimensions, has gained popularity amongst researchers. This field of inquiry is employed in various studies with the main objective of quantitative examination of a wide range of scientific data. This study aims at a scientometric study in the journal of Computer and Education whose main objective is to map out the topics of the articles and present the upcoming research paths. The purpose of selecting this journal is to address the latest research in one of the most specialized journals in the field of educational technology.

In terms of method, this study is categorized in the generality of meta-nalysis method and among applied studies which has been carried out in using the method of scientometric and bibliographic research studies. . In this research, library study methods have been used to study the theoretical literature and collect researchdata. The analysis unit included all articles published in the Journal of Computers & Education between 2010-2021 and the source of data collection was the Scopus citation database and search for articles by means of the journal title. The search results included 2597 articles. A set of scientometric methods and tools have been used to provide a suiatble analysis and interpretion of the results.

Based on the results, 2597 articles were written by 5928 authors among which the highest number of these articles was written by one author and the average collaboration index for authors was 2.5. The United States, Taiwan, and Spain had the most scientific output, and among the authors, Huang, Chen, and Thassi had the highest number of scholarly articles. This issue highlights the important role and influence of these authors in the journal. A systematic literature review of empirical evidence on computer games and serious games was identified as the most important article and the focus of the research in this journal is more related to learning.

In general, the most significant topics in computer and education journals is the use of digital technologies in the field of distance education and learning. The analysis of the research findings showed that the articles published in the Computer and Education Journal are diversely distributed in different scientific subjects and a broad interest from a variety of research perspectives can be noted. Also, the analysis of keywords for the studied articles showed four thematic developments for journal research in areas, such as e-learning, improving learning or teaching methods, developing educational approaches and the application of digital technologies in learning. The findings in the current study can provide some directions for future research on technological learning. It is suggested that future studies examine which pedagogical issues are the most relevant to the research community through meta-analysis to find how to integrate specific technological tools to aid teaching and learning activities. In addition, how interactive e-learning environments are designed to better meet learners' needs can be explored through further design-based research. In particular, what kind of technology tools can provide better academic performance and learning in educational or student-centered learning environments can be further explored

Given (considering) the importance of human resource development, especially the development of managers as the key to the development of the country, the present study aims to provide a model for the development of managers of the National Iranian Oil Company. In the research, the mixed method has been used. In the qualitative section, using Delphi method and purposeful sampling, a semi-structured interview was conducted with 15 senior managers of national Iranian oil company in order make a questionnaire, which was thematically analyzed and coded in MAXQDA software. In the quantitative section after collecting information about 156 questionnaires from the spatial territory of all training and development units in the national Iranian Oil Company, to confirm and test the conceptional model, confirmatory factor analysis of the SPSS and LISREL software has been used. The results showed that among the dimensions of development of world-class managers, the individual dimension has the highest correlation with the latest variable and we do not see a significant difference with the desire level. After that, the group dimension is less different from the desired level, but in the organizational dimension with a global level, we see a significant difference. Given (considering) the importance of human resource development, especially the development of managers as the key to the development of the country, the present study aims to provide a model for the development of managers of the National Iranian Oil Company

Higher education system is considered to be one of the most important factors in development and progress of a society. The present research aims to conduct a pathological study of staffing system in higher education and, thereby, proceed to codify and validate a model for it. The methodology was practical and developmental. A combined sequential exploratory (heuristic) method of the modelling type was utilized for data collection. Drawing from multiple data synchronization in three stages, a primary theoretical framework was codified and, accordingly, it was validated in the form of a model. For the pathology of the staffing system, the first stage used a Scoping review and 15 studies conducted in this area in authentic databases were analyzed and investigated based on a purposeful approach according to Arksey and O’Malley’s five-stage framework. At the second stage, qualitative case study was used according to which the perspectives and experiences of 12 experts, managers and specialists were taken into account with a purposeful approach through theoretical saturation criterion. It should be noted that semi-structured interview was utilized at this stage and the gathered data were analyzed by drawing from Thematic Content Analysis technique. The third stage applied a survey method and the components extracted from an ascertained questionnaire given to 98 staffing managers and experts in public universities under supervision of Tehran Ministry of Science, Research and Technology were analyzed based on a relative class sampling method. In order to analyze the gathered data and validate the codified framework, partial least squares analysis was utilized by drawing from Smart PLS software. After coding the data derived from analysis of documents and interviews, 213 codes were defined and categorized as 33 components and 14 perspectives as follows: job design and analysis, human resource planning, employment, selection, appointment, orientation and awareness, technology, systematic, structure and resources, Rules and Regulations, university autonomy, cultural, political and economic. According to identified defects, the pathological model for staffing system in universities was codified and validated. Human resource planning, human resource selection and job design and analysis as variables played the highest role (coefficient of determination calculated to be 0.83, 0.79 and 0.79 respectively) while economic, political and cultural factors (coefficient of determination calculated to be 0.41, 0.49 and0.51 respectively) had the lowest role in determining the pathological model of the staffing system. Therefore, the codified model in the present research can be considered as an appropriate framework to investigate, conduct pathological study and improve the staffing system of universities by higher education policy-maker institutions.

nvironmental change, competition, and technology are among the factors that force organizations to continually learn and improve In response to this issue, "gamification" with a new concept and approach tries to attract the attention of businesses and various educational areas in organizations while emphasizing increasing participation and motivation of learners. In this research, to answer the questions and achieve the research goals, a qualitative method with an exploratory approach and using observation and in-depth interview techniques have been used. Also, for collecting research information, seven e-learning courses (from the in-service training series of the IRIB) have been observed by the purposive sampling method. In-depth interviews were also conducted with ten managers, officials, and experts of the General Directorate of Education of the IRIB. This study reviews the status of the possibility of entering gamification techniques in the in-service training IRIB and concluded that gamification in the in-service training IRIB doesn't have any proper place, due to the structure, conditions, Possibilities, benefits, and existence challenges in the General Directorate of Education of the IRIB, the proper design, and implementation of the technique gamification can increase the benefits and reduce the challenges of in-service training in the IRIB.

The aim of this study was to identify the challenges of virtual education curriculum Design of Shahid Beheshti University from the faculty members’ point of view. For this purpose, the descriptive survey method was used. The study population included all the virtual education faculty members of Shahid Beheshti University which were 48 individuals that were selected as statistical sample according to Morgan table and proportional stratified random sampling. To collect data of the study, the researcher made questionnaire was used. teachers and experts’ point of views were used to determine the validity of questionnaire, and the reliability of the questionnaire was calculated .089 by using Cronbach's alpha. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (one-sample t-test and t-test for two independent groups) were used. The research findings showed that from the faculty members’ point of view, the design of e-learning curriculum at Goals  )p=0/003( ,Content(p=0/017), Learning activities (p<0/001), Grouping (p<0/001), Learning Strategies (p<0/001) and Evaluation ( p<0/001) dimensions was challenging.   Conclusion Designing a virtual education curriculum at Shahid Beheshti University faces some challenges. Therefore, the existing challenges should be eliminated by developing a new curriculum in accordance with the principles of curriculum design.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and consequences of curriculum policy in the Iranian education system in order to provide a model. The research method was a combined method. Inthe first section, with the analysis of Strauss and Corbin type of grounded theory, the dimensions, levels, process, participants and effective components of the policy making program in Iran education system were identified and in the second section, they were validated through a descriptive survey method. The statistical population in the first section was the elites with experience in the curriculum policy who were referred using the snowball sampling method. In the second part, the sample included curriculum and policy specialists. In the qualitative phase, the number of interviewees was 11, and in the quantitative phase, using the Morgan table, the number of samples was estimated to be 148. The research tool in the first section was a semi-structured interview and in the second secton, a researcher-made questionnaire based on the extracted dimensions and components from the perspective of various experts was used. The validity &Reliability were confirmed by academic experts after the study. The reliability of the questionnaire during the calculation of Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.96. In the qualitative analysis of findings, interpretive Paradigm & Maxqda2018 used and in the quantitative analysis of data, path analysis was used with SmartPLS3. Results showed the effects and consequences of curriculum policy in the Iranian education system including :Causal conditions (lack of interaction between dominant powers and academic knowledge, lack of transparency in effective dominant philosophy), background conditions (resistance of the audience community against prescriptive policies, the opportunity to be realistic about the operational results of the policy), mediating conditions (quota attitude towards policy making, the distance between the policy maker and the policy taker), the central phenomenon (content policies, teaching and learning policies, policy evaluation and policy goals), strategies (setting the stage for a multi-authorship system, applying a dynamic cycle, creating a common decision-making space) and consequences (the sensitivity of policies Regarding the developments, the establishment of an active policy-making cycle, the implementation of decentralization up to the school level).

The aim of this study was to design and explanation a model of executive coaching competencies. The research method was qualitative and was performed using the meta-synthesis method with a seven-step approach by Sandolowski and Barso (2009) and a semi-structured interview was used to confirm the model. The study population was 857 documents in the document analysis section, 22 of which were selected as a sample using purposive sampling method according to the acceptance criteria. The study population in the interview section were academic experts in the field of coaching who Six people were selected as the sample using targeted snowball sampling method. Data obtained from document analysis and interviews were analyzed using a three-step coding method (open, axial, selective). The reliability of the codings was confirmed using the kappa agreement coefficient in SPSS software with a value of 0.77. Regarding the study of research validity, while paying attention to the audit strategies of research and pluralism of data, the findings were provided to 3 qualitative research experts and after reviewing the study process, they confirmed the qualitative results. Based on the combined results, 150 open codes were obtained in 6 general categories (including skills, intercultural and ethical competencies, credibility, intellectual abilities, knowledge and information, attitude and motivation) and 22 subcategories (core codes) Were categorized. Based on the results of the interview, the results were confirmed and 34 open codes were added to it, and finally, the model of professional coaching professional competencies was designed.

Today, higher education, as the main driver of science and technology, plays an important role in advancing the goals of countries for comprehensive and sustainable growth and development. Challenges of higher education include "quality assurance" and "university ranking" in higher education, which are specified in the upstream policy documents, but their differences are not mentioned. Therefore, the study of the dimensions of each of these two approaches to assess the quality of higher education is necessary to provide the requirements for their implementation. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to answer the question of what are the differences between these two evaluation approaches in the available sources. Thus, the statistical population of the current study considered all the texts related to the dimensions and characteristics of quality assurance and academic ranking in higher education and sampling was done purposefully to answer the research question. Then, by adopting a qualitative approach and using the documentary research method, the sources were examined until the theoretical saturation was reached. Findings indicated that in "quality assurance", the main function is quality improvement and increasing accountability, the method of evaluation is criterion-based and formative, and its audience is often the academic community. But in "university ranking" the main function is governing the higher education sector, the method of evaluation is comparative and summative, and its audience is the general public and the academic community. Finally, due to the differences between the two approaches, suggestions were made for their prioritization and implementation.

The purpose of this study is to identify and model the challenges of effective use of the assessment center with the development approach in Tehran Oil Refining Company in the form of a qualitative research method. This research is of applied type. Semi-structured interviews have been used as a data collection tool to identify the challenges. For this purpose, 10 trustees and members of the A&DC committee who were selected by purposive sampling were interviewed. Content analysis method was used to data analysis, interactive management (IM) and ISM software were used to determine the importance and model the findings. Findings showed that Tehran Oil Refining faces 15 challenges for the effective use of the Development Center, lack of organizational maturity, managerial changes, lack of legitimacy and transparency in executive guidelines and deficiency in competency model are the most causal challenges.

The main purpose of this study was to design a Curriculum Model for the Development of Elementary School Teachers of the Iran's Educational System. This study used a qualitative research approach and was conducted based on the classical grounded theory. The statistical population consisted of Faculty members and experts in the field of Teachers development that was selected through snowball sampling. A total of 21 people, including 14 Faculty Members and 7 Teachers development specialists, were interviewed. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. The data from interviews were analyzed during three stages of open, selective and theoretical coding, and the conceptual model was formed based on the drawing of the ratio between the main categories or elements of the Teachers development curriculum. The conceptual model was formed as follows: causes and necessity (achieving the goals of the educational system, updating teacher skills, complex and flexible teacher role, reform, teacher growth and improving student learning), principles and conditions (teacher-centered, continuity and Sustainability, school-centered and job-oriented, content-oriented and based on student needs), components (content, context and process), correlated factors (personal, environmental, importance and priority, quantity, quality and time) and outcomes (teachers, Programs and students). To ensure validity and reliability, Guba and Lincoln approaches were used, including: acceptability, transferability, reliability and verifiability. Finally, based on the findings and results, guidelines for the implementation of the program are provided.

This study is aimed at investigating and identifying the problems of Iran’s human resources performance appraisal system. The research follows a qualitative approach based on synthetic method. The statistical population of the study consists of the studies conducted during 2000 to 2019 in the field of the pathology of Iran’s human resource performance appraisal system selected through specific search keywords in the national databases. Totally, 114 studies were selected to be investigated. From among these studies, 29 were chosen on the basis of several screening stages and were then evaluated in terms of their titles, abstracts, and contents. The data are obtained by the qualitative analysis of the research documents. Content analysis method was also used for analyzing the research data in three stages (open, axial, and selective types). Analyzing the data in 101 open codes and 32 axial categories and grouping them into 11 dimensions revealed that Iran's human resources performance appraisal system faces problems in these areas: socio-cultural, technological infrastructure, resources and facilities, organizational-managerial, systems, appraisal program design, appraisal Implementation, performance analysis and feedback, evaluation results, and application of the results and consequences. The results of the data analysis led to the identification of the flaws in the Iranian human resources performance appraisal system in the form of a comprehensive model. Therefore, the designed model provides an appropriate framework for organizations to pathologically appraise their human resource performance.

 The phenomenon of multilingualism has long been one of the main problems of Iranian society. In our country, every year a large number of students enter primary school with fluency in their ethnic and mother tongue and with little knowledge of Persian. But from the past until now, our educational system has treated all children in the same language and considers them all Persian-speaking. The aim of the present study was to semantically represent the lived experiences of bilingual (Baluch) primary school students in Persian language education.

The approach of the present study is a qualitative research and phenomenological method has been used in it and its data have been collected through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was performed using thematic content analysis method. Participants in this study were primary school students in Saravan who were selected by purposive sampling method from the fourth, fifth and sixth grades of elementary school who were studying in 2019-2020.

In-depth analysis of students 'perspectives leads to the identification and categorization of seven organizing themes, including: students' attitudes toward school with three basic themes: educational place, emotional-social place and educational place; Effects of mother tongue application in school with three basic themes of meaningful learning, deep perception and strong feeling; Barriers to using the mother tongue in school with the basic theme of costing mother tongue education; The position of the mother tongue in school with four basic themes: informal use, insignificant use, compulsion to use the official language and ignoring the mother tongue; The initial feeling of entering school with two basic themes of negative emotions and defense mechanisms; The effects of not using mother tongue in school with three basic themes of superficial learning, weakness in learning and negative emotions and the position of mother tongue with two basic themes were respected and identified.

One of the important components of the internationalization of higher education is recruiting international students.  Despite the small number of international students and due the effects and consequences of their education on the educational systems of different countries, their satisfaction with the quality of university services is important.  Given the importance of this issue, few studies have focused on the evaluation of the quality of university services from the point of view of international students in Iran. Therefore, the purpose of this descriptive survey study was to evaluate the quality of university services from the point of view of international students studying at Shahid Beheshti University. The statistical population was all 221 international students studying at Shahid Beheshti University.  sample size was determined 140 via Krejci & Morgan table. Based on simple random sampling method and Considering the drop coefficient, 150 questionnaires were distributed among students and 126 questionnaires were collected. The instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire. It included 6 components of the quality of university services including educational-research services, library, and media services, administrative services, welfare services, physical spaces, social and cultural services. These 6 components were measured in expectations and real existing levels. To assess the validity of the questionnaire, the opinions of academic experts was used and the reliability of the questionnaire was estimated at 0.96 at the expectations and 0.96 at the existing   levels, using the Cronbach's alpha test. Findings indicated that there is a gap between the expectations and reality (p=0.001). Most gaps between expectations and reality included the quality of administrative services (-1.45) and the quality of educational and research services (-0.73).

Digital technologies have become an important part of education and educational activists pay special attention to these technologies in order to increase learners' engagement in three dimensions: cognitive, emotional and behavioral. Video is the most popular e-learning medium, but with the development of interactive video technology and the possibility of more learner interaction with content, it is important to examine the effects of interactive video on learners' engagement. The purpose of this study is to answer the question which of the linear video and interactive video have the greatest impact on learners' engagement and whether this effect is different in learning styles. For this purpose, in an experimental design, a training course was designed, half of which was presented as a linear video and the other half as an interactive video. The statistical population was educational specialist and training and development specialist who were selected by purposive and available sampling of 55 people. After completing the course, learners completed an engagement questionnaire and answered the four-choice test questions of the course. The internal validity of these two instruments was calculated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, which was the participation evaluation form (0.878) and test (0.824). Using repeated measures design and paired t-test, the results showed that interactive video compared to linear video is significantly more effective on learners' engagement in three dimensions of cognitive, emotional and behavioral and is recommended to training and development specialists to use interactive videos. The theoretical and practical effects and applications of these findings in the field of organizational training and development are discussed.

Academic research is usually done in groups, teams and collaboratively. Researchers in this process have different identities, positions, abilities, personality types, desires and aspirations. Hence, power relations and inequalities in this process are its inherent characteristics. Since the students in terms of power, mainly with respect to other actors such as professors and administrators are less powerful, it is important to understand their experiences than other actors. Therefore, the main purpose of the research is to identify evidences of the exercise of power in the research process, based on the views of students and graduates.

Since the exploration and description of the experiences of students and graduates from the exercise of power in the research process has been the purpose of the research, the research plan is qualitative using descriptive phenomenological method. In this research, graduate students have formed the study population. The sampling method of the present study is non-targeted and criterion-based. Based on this, students and graduates participated in this research to have the criterion of team research experience, availability and agreement to conduct the interview. A semi-structured interview was conducted with 19 students and graduates of the University of Tehran. In order to analyze the data, the Stokes-Colaizzi-Kane analysis method was used.

Students and graduates of the University of Tehran understood Exercising Power in the Research Process through collusion, misbehavior, discrimination and injustice, bullying, abuse of position, breach, inadequate/ inappropriate supervision, and immoral authorship. According to the research findings, the selection of a supervisor through department lobbying, zigzag authorship, factionalism in accepting articles in research journals, are the most important sub-themes of the collusion; maximum student participation and maximum benefit of the professor from the research privilege and exploitation of the student by the professor are the most important sub-themes describing bullying in the research process; abusing the student by the professor because of his or her ability to write articles, abusing the student's respect for him or her to determine the order of the authors by the professor, abusing the student's need for research by the professor, the referee's biased interference in student references, immoral acquisition of authorship credibility by the professor and default presence of the head of department in all theses or dissertations are the most important sub-themes of position abuse; inadequate guidance of the supervisor, lack of study of the dissertation by the referee and lack of the supervisor mastery on the subject of research are the most important sub-themes of inadequate/inappropriate supervision; the professor discrimination between students based on his or her feeling indebted to a student and injustice in the dissertation score are two sub-themes of discrimination and injustice; the nominal authorship of the professor by the student, the salvation articles and their fictitious names, the nominal role of the supervisor, adding the ghost author by the supervisor, and removing authors of the research are the most important sub-themes describing immoral authorship. Since students {and graduates} are one of the most important actors in the research process, their understanding of the exercise of power in this process should be considered; Because not paying attention to how they feel and understand about such events may lead to changes or deviations from research policies. Thus, the need to pay attention to open policy-making in higher education and to listen to the voices of all academic actors, including students and graduates, and to involve them in the higher education policy-making process doubles.