فهرست مطالب علی رضائیان

IntroductionThe advent of virtual space in the last few decades is one of the main signs of a global transformation. To invest and efficiently use digital technologies, the attention of the senior managers of these organizations has increased towards the process of framing a suitable digital strategy in proportion to the general strategies of the organization. The key challenge of formulating a successful digital strategy is coordinating it with the varying needs of stakeholders in the field of digital technologies. Digital strategy is a practical plan that clarifies the set of necessary actions to determine how to use digital technologies in the main business sectors to attain precise goals that will eventually create new and different value for the stakeholders as well as the transformation of the organization. The digital strategy must integrate all the organization's plans in the field of using digital technologies by creating a digital ecosystem and thus transform the business. Alterations in banking mean rethinking customer relations, innovation in value, and responding to customer needs. Unfortunately, most banks have failed to move towards fundamental changes. Reactions to variations in the digital age are slow, and even in some cases the banking system strongly resists fundamental changes. Because it is hard to change to something you don't know. the current research seeks to provide a roadmap for businesses and organizations that are looking for digital transformation after counting the key components of digital strategy success. Likewise, considering that the atmosphere governing the banking industry is leading in the field of digital transformation compared to other industries, these factors will be investigated in the banking industry to offer more operational solutions. MethodologyThe current research, in terms of the type of data, is in the category of two-way (mixed) research. Likewise, regarding the goal, it is placed in the category of “exploratory (formative)” researches, and in terms of function, it is placed in the category of “applied” researches. Based on the definitions, the current research is a sequential exploratory design, which was first extracted and analyzed by using the evidence related to documents and reports and coding and analyzing the content of the interviews of experts and influential people in the bank. In the quantitative phase, by using DEMATEL, which is a mixed method and only has a quantitative phase in the final phase, it has been determined the significance and priority of the effective factors. To collect information, commonly, two library (document) and field methods have been used. First, to collect information in the field of theoretical foundations and research literature, research-related sources such as theoretical literature on the key success factors of digital strategy were collected, and then data were collected through interviews. The main data in this research was collected through interviews with experts and the semi-structured interview was the basis of the researcher's work. In the current research, firstly, to identify the key success factors of digital strategy, the thematic analysis method was used with the help of MAXQDA software for data analysis, and then DEMATEL was used to determine the priority, significance, and relationships of the factors. Discussion and ResultsThe results of the questionnaire are depicted in the figure below, which shows the pattern of meaningful relations. This pattern is in the form of a chart where the longitudinal axis is D + R values and the transverse axis is based on D - R. The position and relationships of each factor are determined by a point with coordinates (D + R, D - R) in the system. Each factor is examined from four aspects: The degree of influence of the variables: the sum of the elements of each row (D) for each factor designates the influence of that factor on other factors of the system. In the current research, the role of bank governance in applying and solving problems has the most influence. The degree of effectiveness of variables: the sum of the elements of the column (R) for each factor indicates the degree of effectiveness of that factor from other factors of the system. In the present research, human capital is in the highest rank of effectiveness in terms of digital transformation. The horizontal vector (D + R) discloses the influence of the desired factor in the system. Put differently, the higher the D + R value of a factor, the more interaction that factor has with other system factors. In the current research, the role of bank governance in implementing and solving problems has the most influence. The vertical vector (D - R) shows the influence of each factor. Generally, if D - R is positive, the variable is considered a cause variable, and if it is negative, it is considered an effect. In the present research, the role of bank governance in implementing and solving problems are considered to be the effect. ConclusionIn line with the pattern of relationships between the key success factors of the digital strategies of the banking industry of Iran, the DEMATEL technique was used and the diagram of the pattern of relations was mentioned in the previous sections. In this context, it should be stated that the factor of the bank's governance role in implementing and solving problems was identified as the most important factor, and this factor was the most influential, and it was mentioned as one of the most important causes of creating other factors and guaranteeing the success of the digital strategies of the Iranian banking industry. Other factors such as information technology and its infrastructure and international relations and global trends were also identified as the causes of other factors. Likewise, the factor that has the utmost effect on digital transformation and the implementation of digital strategies in banks is human capital in banks. Consequently, banks and organizations in general should do proper planning for their existing and desired human capital.

The purpose of this research is to design a human resources performance management model based on individual differences and the fit between the individual and the organization, with a personalized approach in Tehran Municipality. The current research is of a qualitative type and the purpose of the research is developmental. The community of experts is the senior managers of the 124 districts and human resources of Tehran municipality, who have conducted a semi-structured interview with twelve of them using a purposeful sampling method and in the form of a snowball until the theoretical saturation limit is reached. Twelve sub-themes, four organized themes and two overarching themes have been formed by the theme analysis method at the individual level. At the group level, thirteen sub-themes are organized in five theme categories and defined in two overarching theme categories. At the organizational level, forty-nine sub themes have emerged in eighteen themes, organized in the framework of six overarching themes. This article theorizes the phenomenon of human resource management based on individual differences and the fit of the individual with the organization. According to this theory, the management of human resource performance is different for different people in the same organization. This method seeks to attract, develop and maintain better human resources and provides high flexibility between human resources and the organization, which in general provides better performance of human resources at three levels. This theory is based on the theory of individual differences and the fit of the individual with the organization. The presented model offers better flexibility and performance than previous models.

The above research was carried out with the aim of presenting an integrated economic model for outsourcing projects in the gas industry, which in terms of purpose and result is developmental-applied; Based on the data collection, it was explanatory-descriptive and based on the type of data, it was quantitative-qualitative. The statistical population included all senior managers, middle managers and active experts in Lorestan Gas Company, who somehow participated in the decision-making of outsourcing activities. In the qualitative part of the research, a targeted non-probability sampling method was used, and after conducting 21 interviews and achieving the theoretical saturation of the data, the interviewing process was stopped. In the quantitative part, the statistical population census method was used to collect quantitative data, and as a result, the size of the statistical sample of the research in the quantitative phase was equal to the size of the statistical population, equal to 83 people. In the above research, qualitative and quantitative data were collected during two separate stages. Qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis method, as a result of which 188 basic codes were organized in the form of 4 main categories and 24 subcategories. Quantitative data in the above research were analyzed in two stages; In the first stage, by using the failure factor analysis (FMEA) method, an action was taken to calculate the priority number of each risk (RPN), by removing safe risks from the analysis process, the economic model for outsourcing projects in the gas industry using It was designed using fuzzy interpretive structural method (FISM)

The emergence and rapid growth of cyber and digital space in the last few decades is one of the biggest symbols of global change and transformation. Formulation and implementation of digital strategy has become the main concern of many traditional organizations due to the transformative effects of digital technologies in all aspects of the organization's internal and external environment. Only-digital banking is a form of banking in which all processes are done in a non-physical way and on the basis of digital systems. In the last two decades, digital transformation has greatly changed the platform and forms of banking. In Iran, the banking industry is also one of the pioneers of digital transformation; Therefore, the purpose of this research is to identify the success factors of digital strategies in Iran's banking industry. With the same point of view, in this research, whose pattern was extracted by thematic analysis method, interviews were conducted with 20 Iranian banking industry experts, and finally, a pattern including eight dimensions was identified. The eight dimensions of the aforementioned model include the role of bank governance in implementing and solving problems, changing the business model, human capital at the level of digital transformation, information technology architecture and its infrastructure, organizing the structure and modifying processes, modifying and designing the business environment to realize digital strategies, actors Digital and emerging in the realization of digital strategies, international relations and global trends in digital banking.

Planning is one of the important functions of managers in the organization. This concept has a special place in the management history of Imam Hossein, whose roots should be found in the teachings of the Quran. This research aims to present a Quranic analysis of Imam Hossein's planning using the ijtihad method (inferential analysis). This research will use the library documentation method (note taking in descriptive analytical form) with ijtihad method to collect information. In this research, planning as one of the duties of management will be examined and explained first, then the managerial life of Imam Hussain (peace be upon him) will be expressed in planning, and then the Quranic documents and foundations of that Prophet's life will be examined in the Quran.Planning in the management of Imam Hossein has two aspects of material and spiritual planning. This planning has principles and bases that can be interpreted and analyzed based on the verses of the Qur'an, which started from the thought of the Imam and extends to the field of execution. Another achievement of this research is a new perspective that will be created on the Ashura movement and the Quran, and this approach will be very inspiring and effective for managers.

The purpose of this study is the bibliographic analysis of global studies in the field of women's leadership on the Web of Science based on research from five continents and comparing them with each other. This Scientometrics study is a descriptive-analytical research using bibliometric and illustration techniques such as coword analysis and social network analysis. The research population is 3207 records in the field of women's leadership in the period 1975-2021 on the Web of Science database, which were retrieved in August 2021. Histcite, BibExcel and Excel are used to analyze the data and VOS software is used to draw maps. The results show that the Americas, Europe, Asia, Oceania and Africa contributed to 1575, 1005, 486, 227 and 172 scientific productions, respectively. The United States was the most influential country, and Stanford, Northwestern, and Harvard universities were the most productive, influential, and most cooperative, respectively. The area of business economics has had the most participation in studies. The keywords gender, leadership, and women were the most frequently used keywords in the study of continents. Coword pairs of Gender-Leadership, Leadership-Women, and Gender-Women were the most frequently used keywords pairs on five continents. In the American Studies “Gender, Women's Leadership, Performance, Organizations, and Behavior”, in the European Studies “Gender, Women, Stereotypes, Education, Employment, and Risk”, in the Asian Studies “Gender, Women, Management, Employment, Work, and Culture”, in Oceanic studies "Gender, Women, Stereotypes, Power, and Management", and in African studies “Gender, Leadership, Women, Management, Employment and Education”, were hot topics. American researchers focuse on leadership performance and behavior/women leaders in general, European researchers focuse on women leadership in education, Asian, Oceanic and African researchers focuse on women management in careers and education. Identifying hot topics paves the way for more investment in women's growth and development for leadership positions in governments and organizations.

Monetary policies are very important in bank-oriented economies, and the government adjusts the policies of other areas based on the money market. The inadequacies that have directly or indirectly affected the performance of monetary policy makers in Iran over the past three decades have had destructive effects on the country's economy. Therefore, in the present study, a comprehensive policy model has been presented in order to reform the banking system of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

This study was conducted with the aim of designing a model of organizational happiness among the employees of the Ministry of Energy. The current research is considered a mixed research method in terms of purpose, applied research type, method type, and data collection method. The statistical population in the qualitative part includes 20 experts and in the quantitative part it includes all the employees of the country's banking system, from which a sample of 384 people was selected. The main tool of data collection in the field section includes a semi-structured interview (in the qualitative section) and a researcher-made questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed using the content validity method. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated to evaluate the reliability of the questionnaire. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was more than 0.7, which shows that the questionnaire has good reliability. Partial least squares technique and SmartPLS software were used to test the hypotheses. In the qualitative part, foundational data theory and MAXQDA software are used.  

In the qualitative part, foundational data theory and Max Kyuda software are used. Based on the results of qualitative analysis, there are six categories of main factors including background factors (upstream documents), causal factors (organizational factors, human resource factors and management factors), central phenomenon (banking system reform), interventionist (politicization of the administrative system and resistance against change), strategies (policy reform) and outcomes (quality of working life, improvement of customer experience and improvement of financial and non-financial performance) were identified as the main components of the comprehensive policy model for reforming the banking system. . The results of the hypothesis test in the quantitative part showed that the components of conditions, including organizational factors, human resources factors, and management factors, have an effect on the reform of the banking system; Resistance to change, politicization of the system, reform of the banking system and upstream documents have a significant impact on strategies (reform policy). It was also found that the reform policy has a positive and significant impact on all three consequences of the model, including the quality of work life (employees), improving the customer experience (customers), and the financial and non-financial performance of the bank (organization).

The results obtained in this research, while strengthening the domestic literature about banking system policymaking, provide practical guidelines for reforming the banking system to senior managers of the country's banking system.

The current research aims to investigate the factors affecting the professional competence of managers in Islamic Azad University. According to the purpose and nature, this research was a quantitative research in terms of method.The research method is applied according to the objective, using Cochran's formula and with an error of 0.05, the number of 307 people was determined as a sample, and 320 people were considered to increase accuracy and predict the drop in sample size.. It should be noted that the people in the quantitative section using stratified random sampling, which strata include administrative and financial, research, cultural and student, civil, medical, assembly, planning and economic affairs, sports, vice-chancellor, educational and supplementary units and The areas of the presidency and other offices were selected.In this research, the statistical population of the quantitative part of the research includes all managers of different levels of Islamic Azad University units in Tehran province. Quantitative analysis has been done with SPSS software.The sample size was determined based on Cochran's formula and stratified sampling, and face, content, and construct validity were used to measure validity, and Cronbach's alpha was used for reliability, all of which were approved. Questionnaire in the dimensions of motivation, technology, and technology. , management, interpersonal skills, personality traits, creative manager, organization and creative employees were classified.

 The purpose of this study is to test the relationship between human resource management functions and organizational resilience in some Lebanese organizations. The hypotheses are to see the impact of two human resource management functions (training& development; recruitment &selection), on two organizational resilience dimensions (agility & robustness).

Design/ methodology/ approach: 

  The exploratory research design was adopted for this study. Quantitative method used to test the relationship. Questionnaire based on 5-point Lickert scale was used to collect data. One hundred fifty respondents completed the survey. Inferential statistical tools such as correlation and regression analysis were used in testing the stated research hypotheses.

  Results showed that two human resource management functions (Training& Development; Recruitment &Selection) affect organizational resilience (Agility &Robustness).

Limitations & Consequences:

  Not all the organizations accept to apply this study. Some of them refused, we tried to send email for them to explain the importance of this study, but they refused. 

Practical Consequences: 

 Human resource managers can use this study to develop targets in their organizations and to support some organizational resilience dimensions. It allows human resource managers to make decisions related to organizational resilience.  

Innovation or value of the Article:  

This research is among the rare studies that have tested the correlation between human resource management functions and organizations resilience dimensions. In addition to that, this study goes deeper in choosing two human resource management functions and two organizational resilience dimensions, studies before focus on individual resilience.

National human resource development is a vital approach within the broader concept of human resources development. It aims to enhance the knowledge and skills necessary for economic, social, and political growth, providing opportunities to create a better society for its citizens. Research in this field has often approached this concept in a fragmented manner. The present study seeks to construct an integrated and coherent model in this domain.

A qualitative approach based on meta-study principles was employed. Meta-study is a systematic method for collecting and analyzing qualitative research findings, emphasizing interpretation over data reduction. The review and selection of primary research for this meta-study were conducted using the structural literature review method. The meta-study encompassed four stages, including meta-method analysis, meta-theory analysis, meta-data analysis, and meta-synthesis analysis. Following data extraction, meta-method analysis was employed to review and evaluate the research designs and methods used in the field studies, assessing their impact on study findings and outcomes. An integrative approach was employed to develop a novel theory for national human resource development. Meta-data analysis was performed using Clark and Brown's six-stage thematic analysis, and the meta-synthesis process linked interpretations obtained from meta-analysis, meta-data, and meta-theories.

This meta-study aimed to identify the factors influencing national human resource development, including the national capacities required for its development, interventions to enhance national human resources, and the consequences of such development.

The key findings from primary research reports have been synthesized into an integrated and coherent model. This research contributes a model to the field of national human resource development, which suggests that both meta-national and national factors impact a country's national human resource development capacities. The development of national human resources necessitates financial, industrial, and educational capabilities. Interventions in national human resource development depend on these capacities and include policy-making, legislation, planning, and action at various stages of citizens' lives. Effective population management is a prerequisite for addressing other intervention areas. Specific intervention areas for each life stage have been identified. Finally, outcomes of national human resource development are categorized into three dimensions: outputs, outcomes, and effects.

The purpose of this study is to study the role of knowledge management in organizational performance through the mediation of organizational entrepreneurship variables in knowledge-based companies. For this purpose, first, by reviewing the research literature and research background, the theoretical framework of the research was developed. Based on this framework, a conceptual model of the research was presented and research hypotheses were developed. In order to test the research hypotheses, the statistical population, including managers and experts of knowledge-based companies, one of the subdivisions of one of the universities in the country was selected, but due to the small size of the population of 90 people, a census was performed. Then, a questionnaire whose questions were extracted from reliable sources and its validity and reliability were confirmed was distributed among this number. Due to the abnormality of data distribution and the shape of the research model, the partial least squares method and Smart PLS 3 software were used for statistical analysis. All three were confirmed based on significant values related to the hypotheses. The effect of knowledge management on organizational performance was equal to 0.713, the effect of knowledge management on organizational entrepreneurship was equal to 0.548 and the effect of organizational entrepreneurship on organizational performance was equal to 0.407. The main suggestion is to focus on knowledge sharing in the organization, by which ideas are created and shared among employees.

The current research is looking for a framework for cyber security governance architecture in defense organizations with a balanced managerial and technical view that considers cyber security not only a set of new techniques and tools from a technical and engineering point of view and does not deal with cyber security only from a managerial point of view.

The research method is a combination (qualitative and quantitative) whose qualitative phase is done by content analysis and its quantitative phase is based on the findings of the qualitative phase and with the questionnaire tool, and the findings are placed in a Zackman framework.

In today's world and accordingly in organizations; Capitals, assets and resources of organizations are transforming and changing their nature towards cyber capitals, so governments and organizations are well aware of the increasing role and importance of these capitals and are making significant efforts in this regard. On the other hand, cyber threats are widespread, growing and real, and as examples were seen recently in our country, cyber disputes among countries and governments are expanding and are very decisive. This matter is much more important and serious in defense organizations.

Originality: 

Finally, an architectural framework of cyber security governance in defense organizations is presented so that these organizations can achieve the security of the organization in the cyberspace with a comprehensive, structural and proactive view and beyond the managerial, technical and limited perspectives and the existing lack of convergence towards To promote integrity and orderliness.

Stock prices are influenced by many factors, making forecasting challenging. This prediction is often ineffective if it only considers numerical data or textual information. This research aims to provide a method of forecasting the future price of stocks based on the structure of a deep neural network using price data, a set of technical indicators, and news headlines as input to the model. For this purpose, Dow Jones stock data and Reddit channel news data have been used. Technical features are extracted from the stock data, and the news data are converted into a feature vector by the Bag of Words method and fed into the Long-Short term memory network for prediction. Accuracy is used as a performance evaluation measure and experiments on two data sets. The only numerical and only text has been used to evaluate the simultaneous use of two information sources. Also, three networks, SVM, MLP, and RNN, have been used to evaluate the model. The results show that the LSTM model achieved the highest prediction accuracy of 69.19% using news and financial data. News data is 65.62% accurate, and numerical data is 51.89%. Also, the LSTM model performs better than SVM, MLP, and RNN neural networks.

Tolerance of ambiguity is one of the important competencies of leaders that plays a significant role in the effectiveness of their decisions in ambiguous conditions. This study aimed at identifying the situational factors affecting the competency of leaders' ambiguity tolerance, developing a comprehensive model of these factors, and also provide solutions to improve this competency based on these factors. The statistical population of this study, which is conducted using qualitative research of thematic analysis, comprised academic and executive experts of the Iranian Ministry of Petroleum who were experienced in decision-making and management in ambiguities. Sampling of this study was done purposefully by snowball method. The data were collected through interviews with 19 experts and analyzed via three-step coding process and thematic network analysis. The reliability of the research was also confirmed via calculation of the kappa coefficient. The findings were given to three academic experts and were approved. The situational factors affecting the leaders' ambiguity tolerance were categorized into two comrehenstive themes of internal organizational factors (job characteristics and organizational characteristics) and external organizational factors (industry characteristics, cultural factors, and social factors). The findings of this study showed that internal and external organizational factors affect the leaders' ambiguity tolerance.

The present study aims to explain behavior management of employees in organizations in charge of poverty alleviation according to the Imam Ali’s (AS) speeches and behavior as a model of morality in Islamic society. To this aim, the relevant codes were compiled using theme analysis in the form of behavioral, political, cultural, economic, and distributive justice after studying Nahj al-Balagha and examining Imam Ali’s (AS) speeches and behavior and confirming by experts. Then, the obtained codes were adapted to the performance of employees in the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee as an institution in charge of poverty alleviation. The present study is considered as descriptive correlational and practical in terms of methodology and objective, respectively. The population included employees of the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee in Tehran province (N=500). In the next procedure, 217 people were studied based on Cochran's formula. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0/839 was achieved in terms of reliability. SPSS software and one-sample t-test were used to examine the relationship between the indicators. Based on the results, among the main components of ethical performance inspired by the Imam Ali’s (AS) speeches and behavior, economic and cultural justices were at the desired level, while behavioral, political, and distributive justices fail to have a good status in this organization.

In the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, digital technologies have revolutionized businesses, and no business is an exception to this rule. Despite the vital role of project-oriented organizations of Iran's oil and gas industry in the economy Iran, so far no comprehensive research has been conducted to conceptualize digital transformation in these organizations. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to design and verify the conceptual model of digital transformation for these organizations.The present study is an applied research with an exploratory approach in which a mixed research method has been used. In the qualitative stage, data collection was done through in-depth interviews, sampling by purposeful judgment method, grounded theory was used to analyze the data and fuzzy Delphi technique was used to validate the identified factors. In the quantitative stage, interpretive structural modeling technique was used to design the model, a researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data, and structural equation modeling based on partial least squares was used to examine the factors relationships and validate the proposed model.Based on the research findings, the digital transformation model of Project-Based organizations in Iran's oil and gas industry, is a multifaceted systemic process with 53 Factors and 9 Dimensions including Internal Drivers, External Drivers, Industry and Governance Factors, strategic implications of digital transformation, Innovative Use of Digital Technology, Structural and Behavioral Change, Areas for Improvement, Interfering Factors, and consequences of digital transformation. the results of model validation show that the relationships between the components are significant.

Project-Based organizations of Iran's oil and gas industries, as developers of mega projects in oil and gas sector, play a vital role in the economic cycle .In line with the process of digital transformation in other businesses,, digital transformation is also necessary in these organizations and in this direction, they will face many challenges. Therefore, analyzing the barriers to digital transformation and providing practical recommendations are among the goals of this research. First, barriers to digital transformation were extracted from the research literature and analysis of data collected from interviews with experts in this industry, and then the list of barriers to digital transformation was finalized using the fuzzy Delphi technique. In the following, the model of barriers to digital transformation was designed and explained using the interpretative structural modeling method.In this research, 52 types of barriers to digital transformation in project-based organizations of Iran's oil and gas industries were identified and categorized into 10 main factors. The study of interrelationships between factors shows that environmental factors, unclear vision and inconsistent goals and factors related to the business of a project are among the most influential factors on other barriers, and cyber security and privacy challenges are most dependent on other factors. The findings of the research, by providing information on the barriers to digital transformation and the sequence and mutual relationships between them, provide the necessary insight for key decision makers in order to determine priorities and allocate resources effectively to overcome the barriers to digital transformation.

The purpose of this study was to provide a technology driven strategy model with an interpretive structure approach in the Petrochemical Research and Technology Company. The present study is descriptive, survey in terms of the nature of the research and applied in terms of purpose. By reviewing the research literature and expert opinion polls, 10 effective factors were identified along with the following factors and then an interpretive structural model based on research factors and roadmap was presented. The factors of management, finance, policy-making, technical knowledge, human capital, information technology, operations, production, commercialization and market were at different levels. The model was then examined and validated through quantitative and qualitative validation. Finally, based on seven levels of technology-oriented strategy model, which means the use of technology in the organization's strategy to strengthen and maintain its position and appropriate role in market changes, some suggestions were made. The results showed that for the implementation of technology-based strategy in the organization, management and financial factors, then policy and technical knowledge as key factors and in the third step, human resources as a factor of change, a special look should be applied.

Ambiguity Tolerance is mentioned as one of the strategic leaders’ competencies that plays a significant role in the effectiveness of their decisions in ambiguous situations.The aim of this study was to identify the individual factors affecting the leaders' ambiguity tolerance, design a comprehensive model of these factors and provide solutions to develop this competency on identified factors. In order to obtain more evidence to understand the phenomenon, a qualitative approach was taken and data were collected through interviews with nineteen experts. The statistical population of study includes academic experts and executive experts of the Ministry of Petroleum who have experience in management and decision making in ambiguous situations. Sampling of research has been done purposefully. Attride stirling method was used for coding and Themes network analysis method for data analysis. After analyzing the data, the individual factors affecting the leaders' ambiguity tolerance were categorized into six comprehensive themes : demographic characteristics, personality traits, competencies, motivations and needs, perceptions and emotions. Findings showed that demographic characteristics including general and occupational characteristics, personality traits including extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, openness to experience, emotional stability, being intuitive, locus of control, risk-taking and patience, competencies including knowledge, skills, abilities and experience, motivations and needs including respect and self-fulfillment, perceptions including perceptions of ambiguity, job, organization and life and emotions including emotions in the face of ambiguity and general emotions as individual factors interacting with each other are effective at the level of leaders' ambiguity tolerance and can use them to develop this leadership competency.

One of the most important ways to increase financial profitability for banks is to identify and attract more customers. Most research on financial profitability through identifying and attracting customers has ignored the cultural dimension and ignored or paid little attention to this important and key factor. The purpose of this study is financial profitability by determining the pattern of relationships between factors affecting the culture of e-banking customers to attract and retain them more as an innovative step in serving the community. This research is descriptive in nature and method and applied in purpose. Typically, research is a mixed research (qualitative-quantitative) in the inductive paradigm. The data collection tool is a semi-structured interview and a questionnaire. Qualitative data obtained from interviews with customers and managers of the bank's marketing were coded using thematic analysis, and for financial profitability, the most important factors affecting the culture of e-banking customers have been extracted, categorized and approved by experts. In the quantitative part of the research, to determine the pattern of causal relationships between identified factors (ethnicity, values, literacy, art, laws, technology), the Demetel technique (group decision based on pairwise comparisons and expert judgment) was used. The results show that for financial profitability for Iranian banks, the factors affecting the culture of e-banking customers are important and affect each other, respectively: literacy, values, technology, ethnicity, laws and art.

This paper presents a crowdsourcing model for developing automotive industry strategies using the partial least squares method. The implementation method of this research is descriptive-survey and the correlational research design is of the type of structural equations using the method of partial least squares. The selected options to answer the questions of this research included the employees and experts of automobile industry in Tehran. In addition, stratified random sampling method has also been used in some cases. Based on standard statistical models, the number of statistical samples in this research is considered to include 220 samples according to the "Cochran" formula. The selected statistical samples of the article responded to the research questionnaire. Data analysis was done using structural equation model and using SMARTPLS software. The results of this research show that information intelligence and strategy adoption on value creation, customer acceptance and cost reduction are significant at the 0.01 level. The numbers inside the circle are the explained variance of the research variables. 47% of information intelligence variance, 62% of strategy adoption, 46% of value creation, 38% of customer acceptance and 52% of cost reduction were explained by the research model.

The purpose of this study is to identify the dimensions of the business system in the re-engineering model in the public banking industry with emphasis on customer orientation. The present study was qualitative and used grounded theory. Therefore, the research method is fundamental in terms of purpose. The population studied in this study includes bank managers and experts working in different sectors of the banking industry in Tehran. Sampling is unlikely and will continue until theoretical saturation is reached, based on which 11 people were interviewed. To analyze the data, data coding (open, axial, selective) was used, which includes taking notes during coding, the relationship of categories with each other, and finally the final formulation of the theory. The results showed that the five dimensions or factors of providing the maximum benefits to the banking industry stakeholders, speed and cheapness of services, application of rules and standards, observance of banking management frameworks and creation and improvement of methods leading to banking industry customers can re-engineer the entire business Iranian banking should be effective by emphasizing customer orientation.

Universities are facing increasing challenges in the third millennium AD, solving such challenges requires leaders. Now, if in any way, leadership in universities is neglected or faced with imprudence, it will directly have a destructive effect on the quality of working life of employees. The aim of the research is to present a leadership model with an approach to the quality of working life of employees of Isfahan Islamic Azad Universities.

The research method is qualitative, applied study, and the data analysis method is thematic analysis. The data collection tool is an unstructured interview with 30 experts who were selected through purposive sampling.

Based on data analysis, leadership style (721 examples, 32 sub-themes, 14 main themes) and work life quality (273 examples, 23 sub-themes, 17 main themes) were presented. The obtained results led to the presentation of 6 leadership styles and 8 components of the quality of work life as a general axis, based on the number of general axes, a conceptual model of university leadership with an approach to the quality of work life of employees was presented, which was approved by management experts.

It can be concluded that the leadership style improves the quality and empowerment of employees with regard to the quality of work life