فهرست مطالب زهرا انصاری

The description of wine (and the othere names of wine such as: mey, Bade, nabiz, siki and sahba) is one of the most common themes in Persian poetry. From describing its color, taste, and smell to enumerating its properties and functions such as healing, alleviation of grief, and immortality of life. In the Avesta and other Zoroastrian texts, we find the same pattern in the praise of "haoma" in three forms: God, Plant, and Drink. In this article, after enumerating the common descriptive themes of Zoroastrian haoma and sharab (wine) in Khorasan style poetry, we will attempt to answer the question of how tenable is the hypothesis of the transfer of the Zoroastrian haoma tradition to Persian poetry. The common themes of the two mentioned textual fields are: giver of eternal life, healer, grief-reliever, brave-maker, bright, shining and good as well as description of colors. This research is qualitative in nature and was conducted using the content analysis method.

The psychology of political leaders is one of the branches of political psychology. Therefore, studying in this area and recognizing the personality of policy makers is important. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between the character of political leaders and their geopolitical goals in the political future of the world. The present study is a "theoretical foundation" research. Also, in accordance with the qualitative strategy, descriptive-analytical research method has been used to conduct the research. the Indicate that Gandhi, the political leader of India, has a director who has a character and has a geopolitical impact on the rest of the world. These influences include Indian independence in Britain, the American black civil rights movement and the South African anti-colonial movement, which, until the contemporary period, remains the same for the world. While Hitler has a combination of two characters, he has been thrown into an agitated and reformist dilemma, and based on this, Hitler believes in the vital space of Ratzel, which, in the belief, has also led to geopolitical changes, such as the Second World War, the Holocaust, and the anti-communist treaty. Understanding the psychological characteristics of the personality of political leaders of countries has a great service in predicting (political foresight) their present and future behavior and will probably prevent unfortunate events at the national and global levels. Accordingly, the link between political psychology and its important branch of personality psychology can be of great help to geopolitical knowledge in predicting the future of the world on a very large scale.

In Ayyari Persian short stories, women have a prominent, vivid, pivotal, and influential role and presence. It is reflected in various ways and forms in these texts. Ayyari discourse in the history of Iran has always been formed in opposition to the existing dominant order, seeking rights and equality, and eliminating authoritarianism, discrimination, and oppression. Ayyar women in Ayyari's stories represent the same discourse and, in a way, represent Ayyari's subculture in the face of an oppressive and immoral male-dominated system. This research has been done with a qualitative approach. It uses content analysis method. First, the stories of Ayyari women are collected, then the way of thinking of women in the face of all kinds of oppression and tyranny of men, especially in the field of gender discrimination, are counted, analyzed, and explained. According to the research findings, the highest frequency of these tricks is dedicated to humiliation, deception, disguise, use of anesthesia, and secret escape. Most of the tricks used by women are reactionary, that is they are responses from women to male sexual diversity, injustice, inequality, oppression, coercion, authoritarianism, and the exercise of power in a patriarchal society. It is in this context that women find opportunity for "masculinity."

Fotowat as a powerful subculture in the span of Iranian civilization has created many discourses throughout the history. An examination of the original sources and texts of Fotowat shows that Shiite views and elements, in addition to creating a special kind of Fotowat as a Shiite discourse, have also profoundly influenced the other currents and discourses of this subculture. This article adopts a qualitative content analysis method in examining the ancient and original sources of Fotowat, to answer the question of "How well the components of Fotowat discourse such as the ideal-Shiite subculture are represented in the written texts and the socio-historical context?". The findings of the research show that the Shiite aspect of Fotowat has been manifested in the three axes of sanctification of spiritual guide, spiritual pole and the manifestation of a perfect human in the image of Imam Ali (AS); justice and anti-oppression; as well as the advocacy and defense of the weak and protection of morality in social life and urban environment under the name of heroic character.

One of the salient features of Saadi's lyric poems is the abundance of words, compositions and images that describe violence and the battlefield. These words are usually used when portraying a lover or expressing a love state. Considerable use of words related to the battlefield and describing a violent, bloodthirsty, archer and warrior lover is an undeniable characteristic of Saadi's lyric poems and more or less classical Persian love poems as a whole. The abundance of such words and combinations related to war, including battlefield tools, description of the battlefield and poetic images and descriptions of such words and combinations in Saadi's love sonnets, deserves to be studied, pondered and analyzed from the viewpoint of various approaches. In the present paper, in an attempt to find the motives behind this, various fields of humanities including history, mythology and psychology have been used and the reasons suggested by the authors have been presented based on poetic evidence and the findings of other researchers of the field.

The present study is a qualitative library research. The researchers first extracted the data from the text of Saadi's lyric poems and then analyzed them using other sources. The purpose of this study is to determine the number of words, interpretations and images related to the battle in Saadi's lyric poems and determining what could be the reason for the frequent use of such words and interpretations and images. To date, no similar research has been conducted on the reasons for the abundance of war words in the structure of Saadi's love lyric. The closest research to the present paper is the paper of Dr. Hassan Zolfaghari entitled "Warrior Lovers in Love Poems and Folk Myths", which appeared in the bi-quarterly journal of "Persian Language and Literature." Excerpts from the book "History of the Body in Literature" authored by Seyyed Mehdi Zarghani et al. (2016) can further be considered close to the subject of the present study; However, in neither of these two researches, Saadi's lyric poems are not the main subject discussed. In the section on mythological backgrounds of this research, the paper "A hypothesis on the similarities between Anahita and the beloved of Iranian poets" written by Dr. Alireza Mozaffari, which appeared in the "Journal of the Faculty of Literature and Humanities of Mashhad" in 1995, is preferable; However, again in this paper, Saadi's lyric poems are not the main subject of the research.

Statistical scanning of this study indicates that in 637 of Saadi's sonnets, all words and combinations related to war number 1014 cases, of which the most repeated is the  source verb of "killing/murder", which along with its grammatical derivatives and synonyms is used 152 times as a whole; Images such as "killed by the sword", "killed by crossing", "killed by an arrow", "killed by a razor", and "coming to kill" are also included in the statistical data of this group. The next most frequent word is "blood" and its derivatives and illustrative compounds, which with 3 repetitions, is the most frequent word in Saadi's sonnets. The word "enemy" and its compounds, with 125 repetitions, has the third place, and the word "arrow" and its compounds, in addition to "lasso" and its compounds with 88 repetitions, occupy the fourth place. "Sword" and its compounds with 58, "Blade" and its compounds with 57, "bow" and its compounds with 49, "captive" and its compounds with 43, "shield" and its compounds with 38, "looting" and its compounds with 37, "injury" and its compounds with 32, "war" and its compounds with 31, "army and its compounds with 18, "chain" with 12, "arrow" and its compounds with 11, "navak" (a kind of arrow) and its compounds with 9, "khadang" (a kind of arrow) with 7, "armor" and its compounds with 6,  “joshan" (a kind of armor) with 5, "peeling" with 3, "weapon" and its compounds with 3, "dagger" with 2 "spear", "caparison" and "catapult" with 1 appearances are found in Saadi's lyric poems. To find the original motives behind the abundance of words and images related to war in Saadi's sonnets, the following items were examined: 1- Mythical backgrounds (the continuation of the old model of the goddess of love and war in poetry); 2- Manifestation of the political situation during the poet's life and his poetry, including the Mongol invasion and the Crusades; 3- The prevalence of pederasty in Saadi's time and the entry of the element of Turkish slaves into the social and literary contexts; 4-Association of meanings and symmetry, especially the two principles of "proximity" and "contradiction". The proximity of "sword", "razor", "arrow", "bow" and "shield" and the contradiction of "peace" with "war", "friend" and "enemy" are among the most frequent patterns of association of meanings in Saadi's sonnets.

In all Saadi's 637 sonnets, 1014 types of words and combinations related to the battlefield have been detected. Among these words, the source verb "killing" and its compounds have the most repetition. After that, comes “blood" and its derivatives. The words "enemy", "arrow", "bow", "sword", "razor", "arch", "captive", "shield", "plunder", "wound", "war", "army " ,"Chain ", "arrow ",  "navak"," khadang","armor","joshan","Peeling"," Weapon", "Dagger", "spear", "caparison" "catapult"  come in the next places. The main subject of this research is to investigate the reasons for the frequent presence of war words and images in Saadi's sonnet. In general, the reasons for the abundance of words related to war in Saadi's lyric poems can be presented as follows: A factor that has provided the ground for this fact is the existence of the goddesses of "love" and "war" in the myths of Mesopotamia, Iran, Greece and Rome, many years before the beginning of history. Furthermore, the pattern of the "warrior lover" is linked to the theme of pederasty and the presence of Turkish slaves in the cultural sphere and poetic atmosphere of Iran, especially in the centuries before Saadi and his contemporaries. Also, the political situation of the poet's time, and in particular the devastating attacks of the Mongols, has made the mental and poetic atmosphere of the country warlike. Finally, the two principles of "proximity" and "contradiction" in the association of meanings are also the reasons for the frequent presence of war words in Saadi's love sonnets.

The city of Tehran, based on the 1404 document and the comprehensive plan approved in 2007, is a global, sustainable and coherent city with a structure suitable for leisure and leisure as well as a well-informed urban community with appropriate infrastructure. In order to achieve such a definition, the mentioned documents include promotion of the role and position of Tehran in transnational, national and regional levels, economic development and prosperity of the city of Tehran, improvement of communication networks, environmental protection, active restitution and conservation of natural heritage , Historical and cultural city of Tehran, and the development of green spaces, public spaces, recreation and tourism are predicted. One of the most important areas that can be used to operate the above strategies is the urban tourism area in the Tehran metropolis. Therefore, the issue of competition in urban tourism is an important factor in the progress of all cities of the country in competing with each other and, as a result of the prosperity and prosperity of the country at the national level, and then in competition with neighboring countries and globally, will make rapid progress and attract much capital to the country. The main objective of the research is to study the political geography of competition in urban tourism. Seeking to reach the goal of this article, the statistical population of the study is the provinces of Iran, which Tehran province has selected as a case study. In line with the aim of the study, data related to tourist attractions were collected using the Statistical Yearbook of the provinces (Tourism Organization, Cultural Heritage, Governorchr('39')s Office in 1395) and then TOPSIS and ARC map software were used to map the provinces.

 In this study CS/nFHA composite at different compositions 90/10-50/50-40/60 w/w synthesized by sol-gel method. This nanocomposite is used as biocompatible materials for bone tissue engineering. The appropriate amounts of P/F solution was added dropwise to the Ca solution to yield a stoichiometric ratio of Ca/P1.67 and P/F6. The Phase analysis, powder morphology, the bonds configuration, functional groups, thermal behaviors and biological assesment of the sinthesized samples were studied by X-ray Diffraction XRD, Scanning Electron Microscopy SEM, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy FTIR, Thermo-gravimetric and Differential Thermal Analysis TG-DTA and Cell culture method respectively. The XRD and SEM results showed that increasing chitosan content in the composite decreased the average FHA nanocrystallite size. The results of FTIR showed the presence of flour-hydroxyapatite phase. The result of Cell culture indicates that the addition of 10 w/w FHA has a positive effect on the cell proliferation.

Presently, water, as one of the geographical sources of power, plays a significant role in international relationships. According to several geopolitics experts, “The next war in the Middle East will be about water.” The shortage of drinking water in the Persian Gulf region has prompted some statesmen to review their previous policies and adopt a more realistic standpoint in this regard. Accordingly, the countries in this region are facing several challenges due to their lack of access to drinking water. Although these countries are located on the shores of the Persian Gulf, they cannot use its water for drinking purposes because of its extreme salinity. On the other hand, being located on the coasts of the Persian Gulf, such countries enjoy a desirable strategic situation, and this waterway can perform a significant role in their international relationships. Here, the authors have adopted a descriptive-analytic approach in order to examine the hydropolitics of the Persian Gulf. They also intend to demonstrate that the next war in this region will be over water and gaining access to water resources. Undoubtedly, Iran plays the main role in establishing peace and convergence instead of conflict and tension with respect to this major issue.

thenational capitals, is the largest center of political power gathering in the country and a place for the national and executive rulers of the country. However, due to the coordination mechanisms used by the government of each country, the factors influencing the choice of the capital's location are usually political or strategic rather than economic. The city of Tehran has been divided into four developmental levels based on the level of development and integration of the seven criteria. Accordingly, I divided the city of Tehran into four geopolitical regions. The emphasis in this paper is on the geopolitical area of the north-center (1-3-6), which has a strategic position in Tehran, and as the region progresses, the economic, social and environmental development of all areas of Tehran will progress. Because the city is a system, it is an open system, which, with the advancement of each geopolitical region, will further the development of other regions and distribute it, it will ultimately lead to progressand achievement of the country in the political power that is the geopolitical essence. The main factor in the development of geopolitical areas is the emphasis on the main function of the regions and the more competition of these regions, which will compete in the regions of each area trying to be the best, as a result of Tehran's strategic city has become one of the best capitals in Southwest Asia and eventually triggered More economic power will be nationalized

It does not take much time to use the term “confession” in Iran. Less than five decades, the minds of our scholars and planners have become familiar with this concept. Adjustment is the regulation of the relationship between man and space, and essentially involves human activities in space. The purpose of regulating this relationship is to use a rational utilization of all facilities in order to improve the material and spiritual condition of society over time. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to study the distribution of the border areas of the Oman Sea from Bandar Abbas to the Persian Gulf. Using the SWOT model, it looks at the strengths of the Bandar Abbas to the Goethe Bay, and then proposes proposals to address the problems and deficiencies that are tailored to the conditions in which these border regions are located. It is expected that the results of this study will lead policy makers and planners to the optimal development of the border areas of the Oman Sea. Unfortunately, despite the sensitivity and importance of the issue, in the history of land planning, environmental and defense considerations have been marginalized and have not been seriously addressed. Which could result in security consequences and the collapse of territorial unity and territorial integrity in various dimensions and threaten the power and national authority. In this regard, based on the issue and the purpose of the research, the following question has been asked: 1.What are the factors that determine the distribution of the border areas of the Oman Sea from Bandar Abbas to the port of Goater? In line with the research question, the proposed hypothesis included: 1- The distribution of the border areas of the Oman Sea from Bandar Abbas to the port of Goater depends on the political and security factors of the border regions.

One of the most common Motifs in Iranian folk tales is the Metamorphosis of "human Ü animals" and "animals Ü human" who are seen in three ways: shape- shifting, Bewitchment or Enchantment and Reincarnation.
In the shape- shifting the person to help the hero of the story, such as intercourse with the boy or girl, the acquisition of wealth and wealth, destroying the enemy, attracting the hero of the story, guilty of goodness to the heroine, escaping the pursuer or the enemy, escaping from Grief, hiding identity, and so on. Bewitchment or Enchantment are also accomplished with goals such as punishing, capturing the hero of the story girl and marrying him, jealousy of the hero of the story, deceiving others, compassion and compassion. The Reincarnation is also aimed at revealing the secret of murder and scandalizing the murderer and, in some cases, also to compensate the hero, help, punish, and so forth.
This article attempts to investigate the Metamorphosis forms of shape- shifting, Bewitchment or Enchantment and Reincarnation in the myths of the Iranian people, in order to study the importance of preserving and studying the culture of folk tales, which is the most important platform for manifestation of ideas and ideas. Mythology is to be emphasized.
The results of this article in these stories have shape- shifting with 118 cases, Bewitchment or Enchantment with 82 cases and Reincarnation with 9 most frequencies.