مجله فیض
سال بیست و سوم شماره 6 (پیاپی 109، بهمن و اسفند 1398)

Today, with the increasing rates of cancer, especially colon cancer, and due to the side effects of chemical drugs in the treatment of these diseases, more attention to safe drugs with less side effects is needed. This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of nanoparticles of zinc oxide synthesized by green hyssop plant extracts method, on colon cancer cell line (HT29) and examined the effects of nanoparticles on calcitonin proxy blood protein

In this in vitro study, the MTT method was used to evaluate the toxicity of this nanoparticle at four concentrations (250, 125, 62.5, 31.2 μg/ml) against normal cells and colon cancer cells. In the in vivo environment, 20 adult male mice were randomly assigned into 3 experimental groups (n=5), 100, 200, 300 mg/kg of 20 nm oxide nanoparticles, orally, and the control group (without receiving nanoparticles). Finally, the mice were anesthetized by an ether and an autopsy and blood samples from the heart was taken to carry out the proxitonin protein test by a solvent cannula in the clinical laboratory.

These nanoparticles are capable of inhibiting cancer cells at low concentrations (62.5, 31.2 μg/ml) and IC50 is reported to be about 62.5 μg/ml (P<0.0001). The results of the PCT test as a result of treatment of mice showed a slight increase in proxytonin protein at a concentration of 300 mg/kg (P<0.0001).

By increasing the concentration of zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized by the green method from the aqueous extract of the hyssop plant, its toxicity increases and causes a rise in the proxytonin protein in the blood.

Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers. Herbal compounds have been considered for the treatment of cancer due to anticancer effects. Peel of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) has antioxidant and anticancer properties due to its phenolic compounds. Quercetin is a herbal flavonoid that can inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells. The present study compared the anti-proliferative effects of pomegranate’s fruit peel extract and quercetin on the calu-6 human lung carcinoma cell line and their co-effects in inhibiting the proliferation and migration of cancer cells.

Calu-6 cell line was purchased from Pasteur institute and cultured in RPMI1640 medium containing 10% FBS and 1% antibiotic. To determine the survival rate of t-cells, MTT assay was performed. Type of cell death was determined by flow cytometry, and scratch test was used to determine the migration rate of the cells.

The results showed that pomegranate fruit peel extract and quercetin inhibited the proliferation of lung cancer cells. Also, quercetin and pomegranate extract induced apoptosis in calu-6 cells individually and simultaneously so that the level of expression of annexin-V in quercetin and pomegranate peel extract was 18.20% and 15.59%, respectively, and increased by 25.51% during the co-treatment that difference was significant at P<0.05 The results of the scratch test also indicated that pomegranate peel extract and quercetin inhibited metastatic activity in calu-6 cells.

The results of this study showed that quercetin and pomegranate peel extract have anti-cancer effects and can be considered as a complementary medicine of lung cancer.

Complex metabolic disorder with hyperglycemia is called diabetes. This study aimed to determine the effect of regular continuous exercise and resveratrol on regulatory and executive factors of hepatocytic apoptosis.

In this experimental study, 60 male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups of 10, including healthy control, diabetic, diabetic saline, resveratrol supplement, continuous exercise, and resveratrol+continuous exercise. The training program was conducted for 8 weeks and 5 days a week. Resveratrol was injected in resveratrol supplementation supplements and resveratrol+continuous exercise with a dose of 20 mg. Evaluation of apoptotic markers in the liver tissue was performed by ELISA.

BAX and CASPASE-3 concentrations were higher in diabetic and diabetic-saline groups (P≤0.001) .Bcl-2 concentration was also lower in the diabetic and diabetic saline groups (P≤0.001) .Mean BAX/BCL2 ratio was higher in diabetic and diabetic saline groups (P≤0.001) .Continuous exercise, resveratrol administration alone or in particular resveratrol intervention with continuous exercise, significantly decreased the mean BAX and CASPASE-3 concentrations (P≤0.001), BAX/BCL2 (P≤0.001) ratio and there was a significant increase in BCL-2 concentration (P≤0.001) in hepatocyte tissue.

The use of non-pharmacological exercise therapy, resveratrol supplementation, and in particular the combination of these two, can be effective in reducing hepatocyte apoptosis caused by diabetes.

Mitochondrial biogenesis is related to Ppargc1α and Atf2 genes. Endurance training through PGC-1α and Atf2 induces mitochondrial biogenesis, but it seems that air pollution has the opposite effect. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of endurance training in air pollution on PGC-1α and Atf2 genes expression in brain cortex mitochondria of Wistar male rats.

In this experimental study, 32 eight-week-old rats (weight: 180.77±10.65) divided into four groups: control, training, pollution, and training+pollution. In order to expose animals to air pollution, a 9000-liter chamber was used. The training was performed for eight weeks. 24 hours after last session, brain cortex was extracted. The expression of genes was measured using RT-PCR. The two-way ANOVA was used to analyze the data.

Atf2 gene expression was significantly different in the training+pollution group compared to the control group (P=0.04). In addition, Atf2 gene expression was significantly different in the training group compared to the control group (P<0.01). Also, PGC-1α gene expression was significantly different in the training group compared to the control group (P<0.01). Also, PGC-1α gene expression was significantly different in the pollution group compared to the control group (P<0.01). But, PGC-1α gene expression was not significantly different in the training+pollution group compared to the control group (P<0.05).

Pollution has no effect on Atf2 gene expression, but training in both conditions increases it. Also, pollution reduces PGC-1α gene expression but training increases it. Therefore, it seems that expression of PGC-1α in air pollution is also influenced by other factors.

Oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Oxidative stress and antioxidant imbalance play a major role in the outbreak and development of diseases. This study aimed to investigate the effect of four weeks of endurance training and consumption of berberine chloride on cardiac tissue antioxidant enzymes in diabetic male Wistar rats.

In this experimental study, 40 adult male Wistar rats weighing approximately 200-250 g were randomly divided into 5 groups including healthy control group (without STZ injection, medication and exercise), diabetic control group (with STZ injection) , Diabetic Experimental Group+ Physical Exercise, Diabetic Experimental Group+ Berberine Intake (50 mg/kg), Diabetic Experimental Group+Physical Exercise+Berberine Intake. 24 hours after the last exercise session, the animals were isolated by intraperitoneal injection of ketamine anesthetic and heart tissue to measure the changes of the enzyme superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase. Paired t-test and ANOVA were used to analyze the data using SPSS software (version 22) and at level α=0.05.

The results showed that there was a significant difference in the level of CAT, SOD and GPX activity in the diabetic group after the use of berburn supplementation and endurance training (P=0.001). Results showed that there was a significant difference between the amount of exercise effect in the diabetic+training+berberine group with diabetic+training group and diabetic+berbine group.

The results of this study showed that endurance training can have a significant and effective effect on the activity of anti oxidant enzymes in the heart tissue of diabetic rats.

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of treatment based on Moritz metacognitive approach and Wells metacognition approach on obsessive-compulsive symptoms and cognitive flexibility of obsessive-compulsive homeowners.

From all women seeking treatment for obsessive-compulsive disorder in Borujerd (297 people), three groups of 15 people were selected using the convenience sampling method. For two groups Moritz metacognitive therapy and Wells metacognitive therapy was performed. In the pre-test and post-test, obsessive-compulsive and Cognitive flexibility questionnaires were completed. The data were analyzed using the repeated measures designs test by SPSS software.

The results showed the effectiveness of the two treatments of Moritz approach and Wales approach on the cognitive flexibility of obsessive-compulsive disorder of the homeowners with obsessive-compulsive disorder (P<0.05). There was also no significant difference between the effectiveness of the two approaches of Mauritius and Wales (P<0.05).

According to the findings, metacognition treatments based on Moritz approach and Wells approach can be effective on the reduction of obsessive-compulsive and increase cognitive flexibility of homeowners with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Prevention and treatment of acute postoperative pain have an important role in improvement of patients’ conditions. This study aimed to compare between two methods (IV- patient controlled analgesia and Thoracic Epidural Analgesia) in terms of analgesia and surgical complications in patients with upper abdominal surgery.

In this clinical trial study, the subjects were chosen from the patients referred to Besat hospital in Hamadan for upper abdominal surgery. Sample size in each group was 72 patients. Data was collected by a questionnaire that included assessment of pulmonary function, pain levels (in both quantitative and qualitative scales), postoperative complications, analgesic usage, and patient satisfaction. After all data was analyzed by SPSS V: 21.

Postoperative pain during the first 24 hours after surgery was higher in epidural group by using quantitative and qualitative methods but in second 24 hours, pain in this group only by qualitative method was more (Which was statistically meaningful). Complications of analgesic techniques were similar in both groups, but nausea in the PCA group and paresthesia in the epidural group was higher. The respiratory parameters measured didn't show significant differences between two methods. Patient satisfaction was greater in the PCA group but there are no differences between groups in satisfaction of nurses.

The PCA method is effective as the thoracic epidural analgesia method in reducing post-operative pain, and since this method is simpler and less expensive, it can be used safely for post-operative analgesia. Also it's better not to use a thoracic epidural method in patients with spinal, neuromuscular and sensory disorders.

Preeclampsia is one of the important factors in maternal and fetal mortality and it seems that changes in immunological factors such as auto antibodies and the presence of various cytokines contribute to the disease. This study aimed to determine the relationship between serum Interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels in pregnant women and preeclampsia during the third trimester of pregnancy in Bandar Abbas, southern Iran.

In this case-control study, 60 pregnant women were examined in two groups of case and control. All mothers were in the third trimester of pregnancy. Sixty pregnant women were included in the study, of which 30 women had preeclampsia (case group) and 30 women had normal blood pressure (control group). After selecting the subjects, 5cc blood samples were collected from the case group and control group. Then, the level of IL-10 was measured in the serum sample. Data were analyzed by t-student and Mann-Whitney tests.

The mean IL-10 level among the mothers in the case group was 22.25 and it was 38.75 in the control group. IL-10 was significantly lower among mothers in the case group (P<0.001). The statistical analysis in this study demonstrated that if IL-10 is increased by one unit, the risk of preeclampsia decreases by 1.36 times (P=0.001).

Considering the results of this study, it seems that serum levels of IL-10 play a significant role in the incidence of preeclampsia among pregnant mothers. These findings can be used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.

One of the most common methods for assessing cardiac damage is the measurement of biological indicators related to heart tissue damage. This study aimed to compare the effects of two types of acute weight loss programs (2 and 4%) on the levels of creatine kinase and troponin enzymes in the elite wrestlers.

For this purpose, 16 young wrestlers (age: 18±1.31 years, weight: 71.68±13.17 kg, height: 171±6.40 cm) in the form of crossover were randomly divided into two groups with weight loss of 2 and 4% of body weight. Blood samples were analyzed in four stages: before, immediately, 6 hours and 24 hours after losing weight. Repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test for evaluation of within groups variations, and independent T-test for comparison between groups were used.

The results of this study showed that CK-MB was significantly increased in two groups after weight loss (P=0.009). However, within 24 hours after weight loss, the level of isoenzyme creatine kinase returned to the level of resting. Also, there was a significant increase in cTnI level in the two groups (P=0.004), this difference was more in the 2% than the 4% group, however, within 24 hours; weight loss was returned to resting levels.

Although the level of CK-MB and cTnI enzymes increased in two groups after rapid weight loss, but rapid weight loss of 2 and 4% of body weight cannot cause serious cardiac damage.

Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is a hereditary precancerous syndrome and is characterized by the manifestation of adenomatous polyps in the colon and rectum at an early age. Germline mutations of APC gene cause FAP. This study aimed to investigate about the part of 3'-end of exon 15 of APC gene in FAP patients in Guilan, Ilam and Lorestan province in 2018.

In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 18 FAP patients were recognized and Blood sampling was done. After DNA extraction, a part 3'-end of exon 15 of APC gene was amplified by PCR method and underwent direct sequencing.

In this study one nonsense mutation (c.4606G>T, p.E1536X) in a classic FAP patient and one missense mutation (c.5465T>A, p.V1822D) in an AFAP as homozygote and four classic FAP patients as heterozygote was observed. Also, four silent mutations p.T1493T, p.G1678G, p.S1756S and p.P1960P were identified in these FAP patients.

It seems that mutation E1536X is the main reason of disease in a patient with severe polyposis. Also, mutation V1822D as homozygous can cause AFAP; but for classic FAP development a more destructive mutation is needed along with this mutation.

The present study aimed to investigate the role of antioxidant bovine colostrum in oxidative stress induced by exhaustion activity in female futsal students.

In this semi experimental study, 18 female futsal students were randomly divided into two groups: placebo and complementary. Subjects in the supplement group daily received 2 capsules of colostrum (500mg) for two weeks and the other group received placebo (dextrose capsule). Subjects in 2 groups received supplemental supplementation after 2 weeks in an exhausting aerobic test on a treadmill. Venous blood samples were taken in 4 stages; 1) before and after supplementation; 2) after 2 weeks of intake; 3) immediately after the exhaustive exercise 4) 24 hours after exercise. Then, two malondialdehyde and total antioxidant capacity were measured. First, the normal distribution test was performed using Mauchly’s Test of Sphericity. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA.

In three stages: 1) After loading, 2) Immediately after the exhausting exercise and 3) 24 hours after exercise, Malondialdehyd significantly decreased in the supplement group compared to the placebo (P≥0.001). Also, the total antioxidant capacity increased after the exhaustion exercise in the supplement group compared to the placebo group (P≥0.05).

The short-term colostrum supplementation by reducing malondialdehyde reduces the oxidative stress of exhaustive exercise and also increases the antioxidant capacity of female futsalist students.

People with health anxiety experience high levels of concern about physical symptoms and use coping strategies such as avoidance in the face of these negative emotions. This study aimed to compare distress tolerance and experiential avoidance in people with and without health anxiety.

This is a Case- control study. The research sample consisted of two groups of 40 students from Kashan University and Kashan University of Medical Sciences. The health anxiety group was selected by purposeful sampling. The normal group was selected by convenience sampling method. The research tools were: Short form health anxiety questionnaire (F-SHAI), Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS) and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-2 (AAQ-2). Data was analyzed using SPSS-19 software and independent t-test.

Score mean of experiential avoidance was 28.30 (SD=7.41) in people with health anxiety and 20.15 (SD=7.70) in normal people. The score mean of distress tolerance in people with health anxiety was 38/35 (SD=7.26) and in normal people was 44/42(SD=9.70). The results of Independent t-test showed that there was a significant difference between two groups in experiential avoidance score (t=4.82) and distress tolerance score (t= - 3/16, P<0.001).

Individuals with health anxiety reported more experiential avoidance and less distress tolerance than normal people. These people are more attracted to their health-related negative emotions and because of the inability to tolerate these distresses, they avoid stressful situations associated with these distresses.

Choosing the right tool for assessing inequalities of the distribution and allocation of health financial resources is one of the major challenges in health financing. The Fairness Benchmarks are the comprehensive policy tools for evaluation of fairness in the health system which includes Financial Barriers to Equitable Access, Equitable Financing, Administrative Efficiency, and Accountability. This study aimed to determine the most influential financial indicators on the distribution and allocation of health resources based on the fairness benchmarking framework.

The present descriptive-analytic study was conducted in 2019. Fifty health system financial indicators were selected from three sources: WHO, the Equity and Human Rights Commission, and the United State Agency of International Development and were compared with the national health and health equity indicators. After experts' accreditation, 15 financial indicators were selected and by survey among 206 experts from 31 provinces and using the confirmatory factor analysis, the effect of each indicator on the distribution and allocation of financial resources were evaluated.

Factor analysis showed that the ratio of out of pocket to total health expenditures and the share of health expenditure as percent of GDP in equitable financing, the need-based health resource allocation, in accountability, and the health insurance coverage based on vulnerability, in financial barriers to equitable access were the most influential indicators.

Health policy makers can be used indicators to assess inequalities in the allocation and distribution of financial resources, based on fairness benchmarks, to assess and determine the ethical priorities of reform in health financing.