maryam yaghoubi

Value stream mapping (VSM) is one of the most important and widely used tools for lean thinking to identify non-value adding activities and improve the service delivery process. The aim of this study was to design a value stream map to improve the sonography service process in a military hospital..

Methods :

Value stream mapping (VSM) is one of the most important and widely used tools for lean thinking to identify non-value adding activities and improve the service delivery process. The aim of this study was to design a value stream map to improve the sonography service process in a military hospital.

The results showed that on average, the waiting time for sonography was 42.6 minutes and the main service cycle time was 30.6 minutes. On average, the total time for each sonography procedure was 73.3 minutes. The most frequently waste in the sonography process was related to “correction waste”, such as unclear sonography orders, incomplete registration of sonography orders, and mistakes in specifying the type and organ of sonography by the referring physician. Finally, the possibility of sending a prescription for appointment scheduling and receiving responses through social networks (such as WhatsApp, etc.), precise scheduling and appointment booking, and training clinic physicians for prescription and strengthening information technology infrastructure were introduced as some of the main solutions..

cause of time wastage, and most of the patient's attendance time is spent waiting. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce patients’ waiting time with management measures such as queue management and appointment scheduling systems as well as the use of new technologies.

Natural disasters‎, ‎such as earthquakes‎, ‎result in significant financial and human losses‎. ‎Rescue operations play a crucial role in managing such crises‎. ‎However‎, ‎the lack of precise information and the damage or destruction of urban transportation routes following earthquakes introduces uncertainty into these operations‎. ‎This study presents a multi-objective humanitarian logistics model that utilizes a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) approach‎. ‎The model considers the reliability of transportation routes after an earthquake‎, ‎the standard response time for allocating personnel and relief equipment‎, ‎and the coverage maximization‎. ‎This model incorporates various uncertainties‎, ‎including the reliability of the transportation network‎. ‎Real data from the city of Gonabad‎, ‎Iran‎, ‎was used to evaluate the proposed model‎. ‎The results and sensitivity analysis demonstrated that the model exhibits desirable performance‎.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelop-mental disorder. According to the DSM-V, this condition has a variety of symptoms including impaired social relationships, and behavioral disorders. Various studies have shown that these children also have balance problems that are rarely investigated in this population. The purpose was to investigate the effect of single- and dual-task exercises on the functional balance of these children.

The study design was a clinical trial research. The participants were 40 children with ASD (9 to 14 years) who were randomly divided into two groups. The single-task exercise group only performed balance exercises, while the dual-task exercises group performed both balance exercises and cognitive tasks at the same time. The sessions consisted of 45-minute sessions (3 times a week for 4 weeks). The functional balance tests were performed before and after the intervention.

There were no significant differences between two groups in the Timed Up and Go test, 10-meter walk test and Mini-BESTest endpoint of the study, but there was a significant difference in Pediatric Berg Balance Scale (p=0.01, effect size=0.82). Dual-task exercises could not cause significant improvements in the functional balance of the participants compared to the single-task group. 

It seems that evidence that dual-task exercises cause significant improvements of functional balance of the participants compared to the single-task group is inconclusive.

The number of scientific publications is the most important quantitative indicator of the development and progress of any country. The purpose of this study is to investigate the growth trend of scientific productions in the field of health insurance in Iran and the world during the last two decades.

The present study was a quantitative and applied study with a scientometric approach. Certain criteria were considered for extracting articles in the Scopus database, which included: publication date (2000-2024), scientific originality of the findings (originality of the article), the presence of the main keywords of health insurance in the title or keyword of the article. In order to describe the publication status of health insurance articles, dispersion indices and trend analysis were used in Excel 2017 software.

Scientific publications in the field of health insurance follow an upward trend as a polynomial function with degree 2 (R2=0.96). The United States published 46% of articles in the field of health insurance, with a significant difference compared to other countries. After that, Germany with 5% and England with 3% contributed the most in publishing articles. In terms of the number of articles, Iran was ranked 201st.

Universal coverage of health insurance in Iran provides a good capacity for the dissemination of experiences in this field in Iran, with detailed planning and existing scientific capacities, the dissemination of experiences related to the issue of health insurance will be promoted.

Considering the wide range of services of the health system, proper training and distribution of human capital is highly important. It is worth mentioning that any imbalance in the distribution of human resources will result in a shortage or over-recruitment of medical staff. The purpose of this review article is to analyze the workload Indicator Staffing Need and determine the number of human capital required based on the standard of the World Health Organization.

This study is a Narrative review research. The statistical population includes available documents regarding the determination of the workload Indicator Staffing Need from January 2003 to April 2023. The sampling method was determined according to the documents related to the workload Indicator Staffing Need. The validity of the present study was implemented by searching in authoritative Persian and English-language scientific databases, including Google Scholar, IranMedex and Magiran, Scopus, and PubMed. Also, for reliability, a comparative study of documents was used. The search strategy included Human resource planning, Wisn, "Workload" and "Workload Indicator staff need" keywords and their Persian equivalent.

The classification and review of documents related to the subject of the study were examined in the three continents of Asia, Europe, and Africa. The findings indicated that the key success factor in the accurate estimation of the demand and supply of human resources in the health system is correct policy-making at headquarters levels and choosing a timely scientific-executive approach based on the precise definition of job processes. According to the documents and articles and comparison of common factors, and also concerning the World Health Organization Workload Indicator Staffing Need findings of the study were divided into 48 managerial components and 13 technical components, and then the data were.

Many medical sciences universities in Iran do not use a specific model and indicator to estimate the number and calculate the workload of their employees. It can be said that most universities of medical sciences, instead of using a systematic model, still use old and mental models to deal with high workload and estimate the required number of employees. So, it is highly important to pay attention to the implementation of the two-dimensional managerial-policy-making model at the level of senior managers and perform scientific-executive measures according to the conditions and organizational culture.

Introduction : The Internet of Things (IoT) enables the connectivity of all devices in our daily lives, and it has had a positive impact on healthcare, specifically in disease diagnosis and prevention, especially during times of crisis. The objective of this research is to identify the factors that influence the use of IoT in combating COVID-19 in hospitals.

This qualitative study was conducted in 2023, using semi-structured face-to-face and telephone interviews with ten experts in health information technology and the Internet of Things. Data analysis was conducted using directed content analysis with MAXQDA software, version 2018.

The data analysis resulted in 124 codes, which were then divided into 32 subcategories. These subcategories were further classified into six categories according to the model of the International Telecommunication Union. The categories include Network (five subcategories), Application (ten subcategories), Equipment (four subcategories), Support (three subcategories), Management (six subcategories), and Security (four subcategories). The Application category had the highest frequency, while the Support category had the lowest.

Infrastructure and legal aspects are among the most significant factors in the implementation of the Internet of Things in healthcare, particularly in the fight against COVID-19.

Medical errors are numerous in medical activities. Considering the sensitivity and importance of the medical group’s professions, the emergence of an apparently simple error can cause the death of an individual or even a group of individuals. The present study aims the evaluation and reduction of human error using a system human error reduction and prediction approach System Human Error Reduction and Prediction Approach (SHERPA) in the nurses of Baqiyatallah hospital’s chemotherapy ward in 2019.

A cross‑sectional study was conducted in the chemotherapy ward using the SHERPA technique. Then, the duties were determined in detail using Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA). The errors were identified using the SHERPA checklist, and the risk outcomes and intensities were finally evaluated.

Based on the study findings, there are 109 possible errors for 48 sub‑duties. The most frequent errors fall in the functional area (54%) and the least frequent errors pertain to the area of selection (3%).

In order to reduce the errors and increase the quality of the services and safety of the patients, errors can be identified by using the SHERPA technique; after identifying these errors, using this technique, it is possible to prevent the recurrence of the identified errors by careful planning. Considering the fact that the most frequent error was found in the functional domain, modern protocols can be codified in this area, and standards can be observed for putting the problems of this section atop of the priority list and reducing the errors and increasing safety of the patients.

Even though there are existing studies on the correlation between health literacy (HL) and lifestyle, to this day, the concept of Lifestyle health literacy (LHL) has not been considered. This study was conducted to design and evaluate the validity and reliability of the LHLQ among military bases of Tehran. In the present study, first the questionnaire was designed, and then the validity and reliability of the LHLQ in soldiers were evaluated from 2020 to 2021. The face and content validity and quantitative and qualitative content validity were performed and eventually 33 questions were examined for reliability. The Cronbach’s alpha and Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) were used. Factor analysis was performed on 300 soldiers who were available through four selected garrisons in Tehran. The mean of CVI was 0.92 and CVR was 0.71. Also, in the ICC reliability study, the total questions were 0.85 and the Cronbach's alpha’s questions were 0.93. The exploratory factor analysis identified a 6-factor structure of responsibility, nutrition, physical activity, stress control, spiritual growth, and interpersonal relationships for the LHLQ, which were plotted in 33 terms and explained 58.58% of the total variance. The 6 factors model was approved via the confirmatory factor analysis method X2/df=2.974 RMSEA=0.77, GFI=0.870, and NFI= 0.902. The questionnaire's indices have an acceptable level of validity and reliability, therefore the soldiers' LHLQ can be used to measure the LHL of this group.

The increase in the workload of healthcare workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has added further responsibilities for their health.

This study was conducted to measure the amount and economic value of COVID-19-related absenteeism and presenteeism and its affecting factors among physicians, nurses,and paramedics working frontline with COVID-19 patients.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in a COVID-19 tertiarycentral hospital in Tehran, Iran. Totally, 250 hospital staff whowere working frontline with COVID-19 patients between October to December 2020 were entered in the study. The samples included 100 physicians, 96 nurses, and 56 paramedics. The Valuation ofLost Productivity Questionnaire was used to measure job characteristics, absenteeism, and presenteeism. The human capital approach was employed for the valuation of absenteeism and presenteeism. Data were analyzed using ordered logistic regression with backward elimination and the removed value of 0.1 in Stata 14.

Based on the results, the COVID-19 infection rate was 14.4% among healthcare workers, 8% among physicians, 18.6% among paramedics, and 18.7% among nursing staff.A significant association was found between the amount of absenteeism and working in intensive units (odds ratio [OR]: 3.511, P=0.000). A higher amount of absenteeism was related to first-time COVID-19 infection among all participants (OR: 4.918, P=0.000). Current smoker staff, in comparison to quitted smoking staff, was 2.995 times more likely to have a higher amount of presenteeism (OR: 2.995, P=0.030).

COVID-19 had a significant effect on both absenteeism and presenteeism of healthcare workers and its amount and value were unequal among physicians,nurses, and paramedics. Policymakers should do their best to minimize the productivity loss of healthcare workers.

The emergence and increasing expansion of organizations has made the management in the effective and efficient performance of tasks require more awareness and knowledge. The present research was conducted to document and record the empirical knowledge of how to mobilize resources, and prepare and set up a biodefense camp against the COVID-19 disease crisis at Baqiyatullah University of Medical Sciences (AS). The current qualitative study was conducted in 2021-2022 at Baqiyatullah University of Medical Sciences (AS). Data collection was done face-to-face using a semi-structured interview with an experienced nutrition expert and converted into text. Then statistical analysis was done using MaxQDA software. The present empirical results lead to the identification and extraction of 193 open codes in 7 areas of incidents, problems, measures, decisions, results and consequences, suggestions, scenarios, and modeling and lessons learned about how to mobilize resources, prepare and set up a biodefense camp against The COVID-19 disease crisis happened at Baqiyatullah University of Medical Sciences (AS). The results of this study can be used as a basis for managers' planning in the implementation of documentation and recording of empirical knowledge on how to mobilize resources, prepare and launch a biodefense camp against the crisis of the COVID-19 disease in Baqiyat University of Medical Sciences.

Reliance heavily on out-of-pocket (OOP) payments, including informal payments (IPs), has undesired effects on financial risk protection and access to care. While a significant share of total health expenditure is spent on outpatient services, there is scant evidence of the patient's amount paid informally in outpatient services. Such evidence is available for inpatient services, showing the high prevalence of informal payments, ranging from 14 to 48% in the whole hospital. This study aimed to investigate the extent of OOP and IPs for outpatient services in Iran.  

A secondary data analysis of the 2015 IR Iran's Utilization of Healthcare Services (IrUHS) survey was conducted. A sample of 11,782 individuals with basic health insurance who were visited at least once by a physician in two private and public health care centers was included in this analysis. The percentage of OOP was determined and compared with the defined copayment (30%). The frequency of IPs was determined regarding the number of individuals who paid more than the defined copayments. The Mann-Whitney test also investigated the relationships between OOP percentage and IPs frequency with demographic variables.  

The share that insured patients in Iran pay for a general practitioner (GP) visit was 38% in public versus 61% in the private sector, while for a specialist practitioner visit, the figures were 80% and 96%, respectively, which is higher than defined copayment (30%). This share was significantly higher in females, urban areas, highly educated people, private service providers, and specialist visits. The frequency of IPs, who paid more than the defined copayments, was 73% for a GP in public versus 86% in the private sector, while for a specialist practitioner visit, these were 90% and 93%, respectively.   

Informal patient payments for outpatient services are prevalent in Iran. Hence, more interventions are required to eliminate or control the IPs in outpatient services, particularly in the private sector. In this regard, making a well-regulated market, reinforcing the referral system, and developing an equity-oriented essential health services package would be fundamental.

Comprehensive discharge program refers to providing education, follow-up and continuity of care. This issue is one of the requirements for the effectiveness of treatment in patients with mental health diseases. This study aimed at investigating post discharge follow-up challenges in psychiatric patients in Isfahan Farabi Hospital, 2021.

A qualitative study with Conventional Content Analysis approach was conducted by interviewing 13 nurses, physicians, managers, and hospital discharge staff who were purposefully selected. Sampling was performed until reaching data saturation. Data were analyzed using MAXQDA V10.

Findings were organized into 32 Semantic codes and three main categories that each included two subcategories: I. Patient and Disease Challenges (nature of disease and patient/family condition), II. Hospital and Health System Challenges (hospital policy and procedures and poor intersectoral communication), and III. Socio-Economic Challenges (lack of social support and financial problems).

Effective follow-up of psychiatric patients is faced with some problems such as insufficient insurance coverage, lack of awareness of families, and lack of a thorough follow-up process. Meanwhile, poor social services and supporting institutions contribute to aggravation of disease and hospital readmission.

Emergency departments are operating with limited resources and high levels of unexpected re-quests. This study aimed to minimize patients’ waiting time and the percentage of units’ engagement to improvethe emergency department (ED) efficiency.

A comprehensive combination method involving DiscreteEvent Simulation (DES), Artificial Neural Network (ANN) algorithm, and finally solving the model by use of Ge-netic Algorithm (GA) was used in this study. After simulating the case and making sure about the validity of themodel, experiments were designed to study the effects of change in individuals and equipment on the averagetime that patients wait, as well as units’ engagement in ED. Objective functions determined using Artificial Neu-ral Network algorithm and MATLAB software were used to train it. Finally, after estimating objective functionsand adding related constraints to the problem, a fractional Genetic Algorithm was used to solve the model.Re-sults:According to the model optimization result, it was determined that the hospitalization unit, as well asthe hospitalization units’ doctors, were in an optimized condition, but the triage unit, as well as the fast trackunits’ doctors, should be optimized. After experiments in which the average waiting time in the triage sectionreached near zero, the average waiting time in the screening section was reduced to 158.97 minutes and also thecoefficient of units’ engagement in both sections were 69% and 84%, respectively.

Using the ser-vice optimization method creates a significant improvement in patient’s waiting time and stream at emergencydepartments, which is made possible through appropriate allocation of the human and material resources.

Diabetes is a metabolic disease that can causes complications such as oxidative stress and decreased levels of antioxidant enzymes. In researches, it has been found that the alcoholic extract of pecan is effective in the treatment of diabetes. Harmaline is an alkaloid of pecan extract, which has antioxidant properties. In this study, models of type 1 diabetic mice were used to evaluate the properties of harmaline.

In this study, 40 male NMRI mice were used. Mice were divided into 5 groups of eight including control (ordinary food and water recipient), diabetic (mice that became diabetic with streptozotocin), sham (diabetic mice received only the solvent of harmalin, distilled water, during the experimental stages), experimental groups 1(50 mg/kg harmaline) and 2 (100 mg/kg harmaline). At the end of the harmaline treatment period, the animals were anesthetized with ether and blood samples were taken from all groups. Glucose, insulin, lipid profile, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were measured in rat serum. Sampling of pancreatic tissue was performed using western blotting method to measure insulin changes in experimental groups.

The levels of insulin, HDL, superoxide dismutase and catalase in treatment groups had a significant increase and the levels of glucose, MDA, LDL and cholesterol in treatment groups showed a significant decrease.

Treatment of mice with harmaline can improves the condition of diabetic animals.

Globalization, increasing the regulations of governmental and non-governmental organizations and pressure and customer demands regarding environmental issues have led organizations to consider the necessary measures to apply green supply chain management to improve environmental and economic performance. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the factors affecting supplier selection based on the factors of green supply chain management in the hospital.

In the present study, first, by studying and reviewing the relevant scientific articles and books and according to the research literature, the criteria of green supply chain in the hospital were identified. Then, Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) was used to examine the relationships and dependencies between the criteria. Finally, the Analytic Network Process (ANP) method was used to prioritize the criteria and options.

The results obtained in the ISM method showed that the criteria of "supporting the green supply chain by senior and middle managers", "optimal use of resources and reducing the consumption of raw materials" and "moving towards green suppliers". They have the most connection and impact on the system and by changing them, the system changes. And the results of the ANP method indicate that the criteria of "cross-sectoral cooperation" and "education and presentation of the correct energy consumption pattern" are in the last ranks.

Necessary arrangements should be made for selecting a green supplier in the hospital with the help of inter-departmental cooperation and training and presenting the correct energy consumption pattern.

Scientific societies need performance measuremen  in accordance with their organizational goals, performance measuremen requires the development of functional and appropriate indicators. Therefore, The purpose of this study is to  determining the performance measuremen  indicators of medical scientific societies and piloting the indicators to be a suitable guide for evaluating medical scientific societies.

This study is a descriptive-applied research. The study population is  Iranian medical associations. In order to design the indicators, six steps have been taken , review the texts and library studies, extract the duties of medical scientific associations, identify, extract and classify the measuremen  indicators of medical scientific associations, validating and finalizing indexes, determining criteria for scoring indexes, weighting indexes and pilot implementation of indexes (pilot project) ) has been done among 4 groups (clinical associations, associations of basic medical sciences and health, pharmacy associations and interdisciplinary dental associations.

To evaluate the performance of scientific associations of the country, 7 areas (human resources and accommodation of the association office, publications, technology, education and research, international communications, planning and organization and empowerment of the association) and 26 indicators were identified.

Performance evaluation creates the system's intelligence and motivates people to behave appropriately and to measure performance and use appropriate patterns with the status quo of the organization.

It is necessary to study the emerging trends and areas of knowledge and to predict the direction of future research on the concept of health literacy in order to promote community health. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of mapping research knowledge in the field of health literacy and showing the structure of knowledge and their evolution over time.

This scientometrics research was conducted using Co-word analysis technique includes the steps include: Data retrieval, Data analysis and Mapping and Visualization Papers from the MEDLINE database during (1970-2018) retrieved and analyzed. The bibliographic data analyzed using the visualization of similarities technique by text‑mining and visualization techniques of VOSviewer.

A total of 7,429 documents, growth of scientific publications related to the field of health literacy has been increased rapidly over the past 10 years and continues to grow in recent years. The stronger studies were mainly conducted at research institutions of higher education in the Canada and United States. Four Core authors groups with a higher influence were identified. The keyword of “communication”, “depression”, “health education”, and “internet” had respectively the highest frequency. The results of cluster analysis identified and categorized them into three major clusters. Health literacy field had a close relationship with the lifestyle dimensions, health information technology, mental health literacy and chronic diseases.

Given the interdisciplinary nature of health literacy the areas of education, health, Information Communication Technology (ICT) science, and mental health will help the cooperation of experts in these areas to enrich scientific research and make them more applicable.

Patient relationship management (PRM), in addition to saving costs, increases patient loyalty and creates a satisfactory environment for the patient and the service provider. This study aimed to design a model of PRM in general hospitals using the combination of the analytic hierarchy process and interpretive structural modeling (ISM).

This was an applied and cross‑sectional study conducted in 2020 at three stages. At the first stage, using a systematic review, factors affecting PRM were identified. In the second stage, these factors were prioritized based on the pair‑wise comparisons. In the third stage, the interaction levels of the factors were modeled for the general hospitals using ISM through the use of the MICMAC technique and Excel 2007 software.

The results showed that “integrated information system,” “registration of the patient’s essential information,” and “right data at the correct time” were the first to third priority in implementing PRM in the general hospitals. In the final model of ISM, three levels of effective factors were extracted, and 10, 4, and 6 factors were identified in the first, second, and third levels, respectively.

Establishing the PRM strategy in the hospital, in addition to executive and managerial requirements, depends on the existence of an electronic customer relationship management system, and the choice of new technology, as well as the integration of information systems and technology culture, should be given special attention by managers.

Team Performance Observation Tool (TPOT) is a tool developed in the TeamSTEPPS that can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of team performance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validity and reliability of TPOT to measure the performance of teamwork in Baqiyatallah university’s health care workers.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 3 steps during 2020. Validity was assessed by using the translation and re-translation approach of the tool. In the second phase of the study, face and content validity was assessed by using a panel of experts with the presence of 10 health professionals. In the third stage, in addition to quantitative evaluation of face validity, the reliability of the instrument was evaluated in two dimensions of internal consistency by calculating Cronbachchr('39')s alpha and reproducibility via using test-retest. The study population in the third stage consisting of 44 faculty members, nursing managers and different departments of a military medical university in Tehran, were studied by purposive sampling. The tool TPOT has 23 items in five domains. Spearman correlation test was used to determine the internal correlation of the five domains of the instrument. The data were statistically analyzed by using SPSS ver 25 and Excel 2016 software.

In the content validity study according to the table of Lawshe CH, Waltz CF, Bausell RB the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) scale and Content Validity Index (CVI) were calculated to be 0.98 and 0.96, respectively. The face validity check on the item impact score was also calculated and all were above 1.5. Also, Cronbachchr('39')s alpha of all dimensions of the questionnaire was higher than 0.92 and the total instrument was 0.94. There was an acceptable correlation between all dimensions of the questionnaire. The results of the ICC evaluation also show that the intra-group correlation is at an acceptable level either in one step (0.89; P <0.001) or in repeated measures (0.97; P <0.001).

The questionnaire has an acceptable face and content validity and internal consistency in the military care community. Therefore, it can be used to objectively evaluate the team performance of different healthcare groups in Persian-speaking countries.

The macro-policies of resistance economy emphasize reducing foreign dependencies and preventing unnecessary currency outflows. The purpose of this study was to calculate the amount of currency outflow resulting from the publication of articles in foreign journals and provide the necessary strategies in the field of research.

The present study was a mixed (quantitative-qualitative) study. In the first step, all articles published in foreign journals indexed in Scopus with the affiliation of selected universities during 2008, 2013 and 2018 were selected by census method, and then the cost of publishing was calculated. In the second step, through holding a focus group discussion (FGD) with the participation of 15 research experts, the strategies for reducing currency outflow in medical science research were examined. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 and MAXQDA 2018.

In 2013 and 2018, the average outflow of currency was 328 and 290$ per article for university A as well as 111 and 258$ per article for university B, respectively. In 2013 and 2018, there was no statistically significant difference between universities in terms of currency outflow due to the publication of articles (P> 0.05). Strategies for reducing currency outflow and developing resistance economy in the area of article publication were identified in 3 main areas (including scientometrics, economic evaluation of publication and policy making of scientific publications) with 9 sub-areas.

Publication of articles in scientific journals published outside of Iran can lead to currency outflow and economic effects. Policy-making institutions in Iran can help universities by developing national citation databases, building a strong communication network between domestic journals and quantitative and qualitative development of national journals to publish articles at reputable national journals to prevent currency outflow.

The medical equipment supply chain management is one of the main challenges for hospitals and medical centers. Meanwhile, military hospitals need more serious attention because of their critical position. The purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the management of medical equipment supply chain in a military hospital in Tehran and finally evaluating the performance of the hospital in this regard.

At first, by examining previous researches and interviewing with some of staff and hospital managers, the influential factors in the management of the medical equipment supply chain were identified. in this regard, The MAXQDA 2020 software was used for this purpose. Then, effective methods were weighed using Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Finally, the current performance of the hospital was assessed using a questionnaire.

Based on the findings, the factors affecting the supply chain of medical equipment supply were divided into 5 general categories. These 5 categories which found their weights obtained from fuzzy AHP, respectively: Resources and stakeholders, internal operations management, sustainability, integrity and information management. Also, the results of the performance evaluation showed that the current condition of the hospital is 43%, which is actually less than the acceptable level.

The importance of medical equipment supply chain management is not only due to its important role in the quality of treatment but also because of its major contribution to the hospitalchr('39')s operating budget. It should be noted that the factors affecting this issue are directly and indirectly related to each other. Finally, identifying weaknesses and proper planning to improve them can amend the condition of the hospital and ultimately enhance patient satisfaction.

Today, in universities and research institutes, the lack of attention to commercialization makes it impossible or difficult to enter the markets for technology and research products. therefore, this study aims to design a commercialization model for research achievements of a military research institute.

This descriptive-analytic study was done in a cross-sectional study in 2019. The research population consists of senior, middle and operational managers, faculty, experts and researchers in a military research institute. The sampling was done by census method and number of 130 people. The data gathering tool is a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability have been confirmed. The composite reliability for each of the four domains (individual, intra-organizational, external organizational and communication) was higher than 0.7, indicating appropriate homogeneity or internal consistency. To collect and analyze quantitative data, a structural equation model based on partial least squares approach was performed with Smart-PLS3 software.

The pattern of factors influencing the commercialization of academic research achievements was divided into four groups of 60 factors: individual intra-organizational, external organizational and communication. According to the research findings in the final model of the research, the correlation was significant for all dimensions and the communication factors had the lowest correlation (0.880) and intra-organizational (0.971) the highest correlation. To ensure the quality of the measurement model, positive values of the cv-com index represent the appropriate quality of the measurement model.

Governments and other effective institutions with formulas and facilitating and accelerating policies should move universities towards a model of knowledge-based commercialization by adopting smart measures. On the other hand, universities are pursuing strategies such as holding joint conferences and meetings with industry to increase the relevance and awareness of the partieschr('39') needs and capabilities in the path of commercialization.

Information systems are always at risk of information theft, information change, and interruptions in service delivery. Therefore, the present study was conducted to develop a model for identifying information security risk in military hospitals in Iran.

This study was a qualitative content analysis conducted in military hospitals in Iran in 2019. The sample consisted of 8 experts in the field of health information. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using framework analysis and MAXQDA 12 software.

Data analysis resulted in the extraction of 78 codes and 16 categories in 7 themes (management in information security, patient information security, information security in organizational resources, organize in information security, communication in information security, monitoring, and control, equipment security). Information security in organizational resources has the highest number of codes and the management in information security and communication in information security have the least number of codes.

Health care organizationchr('39')s security programs, especially in military hospitals faced with many challenges, the first step of which is to identify potential risks and threats. Then develop policies, guidelines, and programs to eliminate or reduce these threats.

The issue of special needs patients and their support and the importance of the quality of insurance services provided to these patients is one of the components that has attracted the attention of many communities in recent years. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between the quality of insurance services and the quality of life of these patients.

This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019. Two-hundred sixty-two specific need patients in 6 groups of diseases (malignancies, dialysis, hemophilia, kidney transplantation, MS and thalassemia) and covered by health insurance of the Armed Forces were enrolled by census method. The assessment tools included a researcher-made questionnaire on the quality of insurance services with 5 dimensions (financial protection, insurance coverage, support package, accountability, process and administrative services) and the standard questionnaire SF36. Quantitative data analysis was performed using a structural equation model based on the partial least squares approach with Smart-PLS3 software.

The results showed that the quality of insurance services had a significant positive relationship with patientschr('39') quality of life (β=0.23, p<0.001). Other results showed that the financial protection factor had the most significant effect on the physical quality of life (p<0.001) and insurance coverage had a significant positive effect on both physical and mental quality of life (p<0.001).

Patients who have good health insurance services will also enjoy a good quality of life and hope to improve and continue to live longer than others.

The most important goal of a proper health‑care system is to provide good health. Today, patients do not consider hospitals as simply a place of rehabilitation; rather, they compare the hospital with a hotel in terms of environment, facilities, services, and quality of accommodation. This study aims to use DEMATEL approach to extract factors affecting the hoteling quality.

This was a descriptive, cross‑sectional study conducted in 2018. The study was carried out in two steps. In the first step, the factors affecting the hoteling quality were extracted, and in the second step, the DEMATEL technique was used to analyze and rank the cause and effect. The study population consists of all experts in the fields of medicine and health care (hospital managers, deputies, and faculty members familiar with accreditation and hoteling), among which twenty experts were selected using purposeful sampling and a questionnaire designed by the researcher consisting of 11 dimensions was distributed among them. The reliability of the questionnaire was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient which was equal to 0.85 while its validity was confirmed using Delphi technique. DEMATEL approach was used for data analysis.

The results show that among factors, human factors and economical–financial factors and, among subfactors, maintaining human dignity and quick action in providing emergency services are among the most important factors affecting the hoteling quality. Maintaining human dignity and speed of action in providing emergency services to patients was identified as the most important factor in improving hoteling quality.

The results of this study can be used to evaluate the quality of accommodations and health facilities, medical equipment, and building quality of hospitals, which can lead to effective actions and improvement of patient satisfaction and the eventual success of health transformation plan.